## SingularityNET (AGIX) คืออะไร

SingularityNET เป็นแพลตฟอร์ม [ที่ขับเคลื่อนด้วยบล็อกเชน](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/blockchain) ที่ช่วยให้ทุกคนสามารถ "สร้าง แบ่งปัน และหารายได้" จากบริการ AI ได้อย่างง่ายดาย ซึ่งต้องขอบคุณตลาด AI ที่เข้าถึงได้ทั่วโลก

ด้วยตลาด SingularityNET ผู้ใช้สามารถเรียกดู ทดสอบ และซื้อบริการ AI ที่หลากหลายได้โดยใช้โทเค็นยูทิลิตี้ดั้งเดิมของแพลตฟอร์ม — AGIX ยิ่งไปกว่านั้น ตลาดแห่งนี้ยังเป็นตัวแทนของร้านค้าที่นักพัฒนา AI สามารถใช้เพื่อเผยแพร่และขายเครื่องมือ AI ของพวกเขา และติดตามผลงานของพวกเขาได้อย่างง่ายดาย

ทีมงานที่อยู่เบื้องหลัง SingularityNET เป็นผู้บุกเบิกการพัฒนา AI ที่รู้จักกันในชื่อ Sophia ซึ่งได้รับการขนานนามว่าเป็น "หุ่นยนต์ที่แสดงออกได้ดีที่สุดในโลก" เป้าหมายของ SingularityNET คือการทำให้ Sophia สามารถเข้าใจภาษามนุษย์ได้อย่างถ่องแท้ และทำการพัฒนา "OpenCog" — ซึ่งเป็นเฟรมเวิร์ก AI ที่ถูกคาดหวังว่ามันจะสามารถบรรลุสถานะที่เรียกว่า "ปัญญาทั่วไปในขั้นสูง" ซึ่งก็คือปัญญาประดิษฐ์ระดับมนุษย์ (หรือสูงกว่านั้นได้ในที่สุด)

แพลตฟอร์มดังกล่าวได้รับเผยแพร่ครั้งแรกในปี 2560 และเสร็จสิ้นการเสนอขายเหรียญเริ่มต้น ([ICO](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/initial-coin-offering-ico)) ในเดือนธันวาคมปีเดียวกัน ระดมทุนได้ 36 ล้านดอลลาร์ในเวลาเพียงหนึ่งนาที

### ใครคือผู้ก่อตั้ง SingularityNET

SingularityNET มีทีมงานที่กว้างขวางซึ่งส่วนใหญ่เป็นนักวิทยาศาสตร์ นักพัฒนา นักวิจัย และวิศวกรในด้าน AI

มันถูกก่อตั้งโดย Dr. Ben Goertzel (CEO และหัวหน้านักวิทยาศาสตร์ของ SingularityNET) ร่วมกับ Simone Giacomelli และ Dr. David Hanson

Dr. Ben Goertzel เป็นบุคคลสำคัญในอุตสาหกรรม AI และหุ่นยนต์ และเขามีประวัติอันยาวนานในการทำงานร่วมกับบริษัทเทคโนโลยีชั้นนำ — ซึ่งรวมถึง Hanson Robotics และ OpenCog Foundation เขายังทำงานเป็นหัวหน้านักวิทยาศาสตร์ของ Mozi Health และรองประธาน Humanity+

Simone Giacomelli เป็นผู้ประกอบการและนักลงทุนที่เคยทำงานให้กับบริษัทที่ปรึกษาด้านคริปโตอย่าง Cryptodex เขาออกจากโครงการ SingularityNET ในเดือนมีนาคม 2562 และตอนนี้เขาเน้นไปที่การทำงานในห้องปฏิบัติการวิจัยและพัฒนาเทคโนโลยี Vulpem ซึ่งเขาก่อตั้งขึ้นในปี 2558

ดร. David Hanson เป็นผู้ร่วมก่อตั้งคนที่สามของ SingularityNET เขามีประวัติการทำงานอันยาวนานและหลากหลายในอุตสาหกรรมหุ่นยนต์ โดยทำงานร่วมกับดิสนีย์ระหว่างปี 2541-2544 ก่อนที่จะก่อตั้งบริษัทสตาร์ทอัพด้านหุ่นยนต์หลายแห่ง รวมถึง Human Emulation Robotics, Initiative for Awakening Machines และ Hanson Robotics ในช่วงสองทศวรรษที่ผ่านมา

### อะไรที่ทำให้ SingularityNET ไม่เหมือนใคร

SingularityNET เป็นแพลตฟอร์มแรกที่ทำให้นักพัฒนาสามารถขายเครื่องมือและไลบรารี AI ของตนได้ง่ายๆ และช่วยให้ผู้ซื้อสามารถทดสอบบริการ AI ต่างๆ ที่มีให้บริการอยู่ในตลาดเพื่อดูว่าตรงตามความต้องการหรือไม่ก่อนชำระเงิน

นอกเหนือจากนี้ ผู้ที่ต้องการบริการ AI แบบเฉพาะยังสามารถสามารถสัมผัสกับชุมชนผู้เชี่ยวชาญในด้าน AI ที่เชี่ยวชาญของ SingularityNET ผ่านพอร์ทัลคำขอสำหรับ AI (RFAI) ซึ่งช่วยให้ลูกค้าสามารถใช้งานเครื่องมือ AI ใหม่ได้อย่างง่ายดาย ในขณะที่นักพัฒนาสามารถรับโทเค็น AGIX ได้โดยการกรอก คำขอเหล่านี้

ยูทิลิตี้ของโทเค็น AGIX ได้รับการพัฒนาพร้อมกับการพัฒนาระบบนิเวศของ SingularityNET ในเดือนตุลาคม 2563 ทาง SingularityNET ได้เปิดตัวฟีเจอร์ SingularityNET Enhancement Proposal (SNEP) ซึ่งช่วยให้ผู้ถือ AGIX สามารถลงคะแนนการเปลี่ยนแปลงการดำเนินการของเครือข่ายได้ จนในเดือนมีนาคม 2563 ผู้ให้บริการก็ได้เพิ่มคุณสมบัติการเดิมพัน ทำให้ผู้ใช้สามารถวางเดิมพันโทเค็นของตนได้

ด้วยความร่วมมือในครั้งล่าสุดที่มีกับ Hanson Robotics ทำให้ SingularityNET สามารถเปิดตัวกิจการร่วมค้าที่รู้จักกันในชื่อ Awakening Health ซึ่งให้การพัฒนาผลิตภัณฑ์จาก AI เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ด้านการดูแลสุขภาพ ผลิตภัณฑ์แรกของบริษัทคือ Grace ซึ่งเป็นผู้ช่วยที่ทำงานในอุตสาหกรรมการดูแลสุขภาพได้อย่างคล้ายคลึงกับ

#### หน้าที่เกี่ยวข้อง:

ตรวจสอบ [Rarible (RARI)](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/currencies/rarible/) จากเรา — ตลาดแบบกระจายศูนย์สำหรับโทเค็นแบบ non-fungible

อ่านเกี่ยวกับ [Uniswap (UNI)](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/currencies/uniswap/) — โทเค็นการกำกับดูแลของตัวกลางการแลกเปลี่ยนแบบกระจายศูนย์อย่าง Uniswap

เรียนรู้เกี่ยวกับแอปพลิเคชันการกระจายศูนย์ (DApps) ด้วย [CoinMarketCap Alexandria](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-are-decentralized-exchanges-dex)

พบกับ [CoinMarketCap blog](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/blog) — แหล่งข้อมูลเชิงลึก การอัปเดต และประกาศเกี่ยวกับการคริปโตสำหรับคุณ

### มีเหรียญ SingularityNET (AGIX) จำนวนเท่าใดในการหมุนเวียน

ณ เดือนกุมภาพันธ์ 2564 มีโทเค็น AGIX ทั้งหมด 861.5 ล้านโทเค็นซึ่งคิดเป็น 86% ของอุปทานทั้งหมดในระบบหมุนเวียน ด้วยเหตุนี้ AGIX จึงถูกพิจารณาว่ามันมีความเจือจางเป็นอย่างมาก

ครึ่งหนึ่ง (50%) ของอุปทานของ AGIX ทั้งหมดถูกขายในช่วง ICO ของ SingularityNET ในปี 2560 นอกเหนือจากนี้ 20% ก็ถูกสงวนไว้สำหรับสิ่งจูงใจสำหรับนักพัฒนาและพันธมิตรในช่วงต้น ส่วน 18% สำหรับสมาชิกในทีมหลัก (ตอนนี้ได้รับสิทธิ์เต็มจำนวน) 8% สำหรับมูลนิธิของ SingularityNET เพื่อการพัฒนาแพลตฟอร์มในระยะยาว ในขณะที่ 4% สุดท้ายจะถูกสงวนไว้สำหรับรางวัลของความปลอดภัย

### เครือข่าย SingularityNET จะมีความปลอดภัยอย่างไร

AGIX เป็นโทเค็น [ERC-20](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/erc-20)

ซึ่งหมายความว่ามันได้รับการสนับสนุนโดยอัลกอริทึม[ฉันทามติ](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/consensus)ของ Ethereum [Proof-of-Work (PoW)](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/proof-of-work-vs-proof-of-stake) และเครือข่ายแบบ battle-tested และเครื่องขุดหลายอีกหมื่นเครื่อง จนถึงปัจจุบัน เครือข่าย Ethereum ไม่เคย [ถูกโจมตี](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/51-attack) สำเร็จและถือว่าเป็นหนึ่งในเครือข่ายที่ปลอดภัยที่สุดในปัจจุบัน

ทีมงานที่อยู่เบื้องหลังของ SingularityNET ได้บอกใบ้ว่า SingularityNET อาจย้ายไปที่บล็อกเชนอื่นในอนาคต และเพิ่ง [ประกาศ](https://blog.singularitynet.io/singularitynet-collaborates-with-iohk-to-explore-cardano-agi-synergies-8bd1570ffab2) ไปว่ามันกำลังสำรวจความเป็นไปได้ในการเปิดตัวบนบล็อกเชน delegated proof-of-stake [Cardano](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/currencies/cardano/) Proof-of-stake (dPoS)

### คุณสามารถซื้อ SingularityNET (AGIX) ได้จากที่ไหน

โทเค็น AGIX พร้อมให้ซื้อขายได้บนแพลตฟอร์มการแลกเปลี่ยนที่โดดเด่นหลายแห่ง ซึ่งรวมถึง [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/exchanges/binance/), KuCoin และ HitBTC นอกจากนี้มันยังมีให้บริการอยู่ใน [DEX](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/decentralized-exchange-dex) ยอดนิยมสองแห่ง ได้แก่ [Uniswap](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/exchanges/uniswap-v2/) และ Balancer ปัจจุบัน คู่การซื้อขายของ AGIX คือ AGIX/BTC, AGIX/ETH และ AGIX/WETH

ขณะนี้ยังไม่สามารถซื้อ AGIX ด้วยบัตรเครดิตหรือบัตรเดบิตจากแพลตฟอร์มการแลกเปลี่ยนเหล่านี้ได้โดยตรง แต่คุณอาจซื้อ [Bitcoin (BTC)](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/currencies/bitcoin/) ก่อน แล้วจึงแลกเปลี่ยนเป็น AGIX แทน [นี่คือวิธีการ](https://coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/)

SingularityNET's Technical Tuesdays: Integrating OpenCog Hyperon With the SingularityNET Decentralized AI Platform

Join us this Tuesday, June 25th, 2024, at 5 pm UTC to discuss the integration of the OpenCog Hyperon 

 framework with the SingularityNET decentralized 

To learn more, set your reminder for the livestream now on your preferred platform:

Welcome to SingularityNET's Community channel aggregated by CoinMarketCap.

SingularityNET's Technical Tuesdays: Integrating OpenCog Hyperon With the SingularityNET Decentralized AI Platform

Join us this Tuesday, June 25th, 2024, at 5 pm UTC to discuss the integration of the OpenCog Hyperon #AGI framework with the SingularityNET decentralized #AI Platform.

Join the Livestream

To learn more, set your reminder for the livestream now on your preferred platform:

🟣 YouTube: https://t.co/ra7r51YAmk

🟣 LinkedIn: https://t.co/0OSUlbhGoS

🟣 Or join us LIVE on X: @SingularityNET 

We hope to see you there!

🧵We are proud to sponsor the 17th Annual Conference on Artificial General Intelligence 

 taking place August 13-16, 2024, at the University of Washington 

 will convene a worldwide community of researchers and developers, including notable figures like 

, François Chollet, and Rachel St. Clair, all working on the latest innovations toward generally intelligent machines.

This year’s interactive agenda will include mainstage keynotes and technical talks, hands-on workshops and tutorials, networking opportunities within this advanced community of innovators, and immersive experiences —both in-person and virtually.

Those unable to attend in person can tune into the livestream sponsored by 

 on our YouTube channel. The virtual conference will feature keynote speakers and industry experts.

For more information and registration, please visit the Conference website: 

We look forward to welcoming you to AGI-24!

🧵We are proud to sponsor the 17th Annual Conference on Artificial General Intelligence #AGI24 taking place August 13-16, 2024, at the University of Washington @UW in Seattle.

#AGIconference #AI #AGI #Springer @True_AGI 
#AGI24 will convene a worldwide community of researchers and developers, including notable figures like @bengoertzel, Ray Kurzweil, @GaryMarcus, @Plinz, François Chollet, and Rachel St. Clair, all working on the latest innovations toward generally intelligent machines.
This year’s interactive agenda will include mainstage keynotes and technical talks, hands-on workshops and tutorials, networking opportunities within this advanced community of innovators, and immersive experiences —both in-person and virtually.
Those unable to attend in person can tune into the livestream sponsored by #SingularityNET on our YouTube channel. The virtual conference will feature keynote speakers and industry experts.
For more information and registration, please visit the Conference website: https://agi-conf.org/2024/

We look forward to welcoming you to AGI-24!

Blockchain and AI: What’s Behind the Hype

Binance

SingularityNET

Trust Wallet

MetaMask

Daedalus

Lace

Atomic wallet

Ethereum

Shiba Inu

Chainlink

Uniswap

UNUS SED LEO

Aave

DeXe

Synthetix

Safe

Bonk

Wormhole

Gala

Worldcoin

LayerZero

Quant

Chintai

El Hippo

RAYN

Destra Network

csas (Ordinals)

Founded in 2017 and launched via IEO on Binance in March 2019, Fetch.AI is an artificial intelligence (AI) lab building an open, permissionless, decentralized machine learning network with a crypto economy. Fetch.ai democratizes access to AI technology with a permissionless network upon which anyone can connect and access secure datasets by using autonomous AI to execute tasks that leverage its global network of data. The Fetch.AI model is rooted in  use cases like optimizing DeFi trading services, transportation networks (parking, micromobility), smart energy grids, travel — essentially any complex digital system that relies on large-scale datasets.

Fetch.ai

Ocean Protocol

RenderToken (RNDR) is a distributed GPU rendering network built on top of the Ethereum blockchain, aiming to connect artists and studios in need of GPU compute power with mining partners willing to rent their GPU capabilities out. Conceived in 2009 by OTOY, inc. CEO Jules Urbach and launched in 2017, RNDR held its first public token sale in October of that same year, followed by a private sale period lasting from January 2018 – May 2018, wherein a total of 117,843,239 RNDR were sold at a price of 1 RNDR = $0.25 USD equivalent of token.
During the private sale period, early adopters were onboarded onto the RNDR Beta Testnet, where beta node operators and artists worked collaboratively with the RNDR team in building and testing the network, up until its public launch on April 27th 2020.

Render

The Graph is an indexing protocol for querying data for networks like Ethereum and IPFS, powering many applications in both DeFi and the broader Web3 ecosystem. Anyone can build and publish open APIs, called subgraphs, that applications can query using GraphQL to retrieve blockchain data. There is a hosted service in production that makes it easy for developers to get started building on The Graph and the decentralized network will be launching later this year. The Graph currently supports indexing data from Ethereum, IPFS and POA, with more networks coming soon.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of The Graph.

To date, over3,000 subgraphs have been deployed by thousands of developers, for DApps like Uniswap, Synthetix, Aragon, AAVE, Gnosis, Balancer, Livepeer, DAOstack, Decentraland and many others. The Graph usage has been growing at over 50% MoM and hit over 7 billion queries during the month of September 2020.

The Graph has a global community, including over 200 Indexer Nodes in the testnet and more than 2,000 Curators in the Curator Program as of October 2020. To fund network development, The Graph raised funds from community members, strategic VCs and influential individuals in the blockchain community including Coinbase Ventures, DCG, Framework, ParaFi Capital, CoinFund, DTC, Multicoin, Reciprocal Ventures, SPC, Tally Capital and others. The Graph Foundation also successfully completed a public GRT Sale with participation from 99 countries (not including the U.S.). To date as of November 2020, The Graph has raised ~$25M.

The Graph

Immutable positions itself as the first layer-two scaling solution for NFTs on Ethereum. According to Immutable, its blockchain does away with Ethereum’s limitations like low scalability, a poor user experience, illiquidity, and a slow developer experience. Instead, users benefit from instant trading and massive scalability while enjoying zero gas fees for minting and trading NFTs without compromising user or asset security.

Thanks to this technology, users will be able to create and distribute assets like ERC-20 and ERC-721 tokens on a massive scale. Chris Clay, the game Director of Gods Unchained, a project already building on Immutable, stated that Immutable allows Gods Unchained to implement a new meta-system that was previously impossible. In this fashion, Immutable aims to create a world-class experience for users and developers alike.

Immutable

Injective (INJ) is a blockchain built for finance. It is an open, interoperable layer-one blockchain powering next-generation DeFi applications, including decentralized spot and derivatives exchanges, prediction markets, lending protocols, and more.

Injective uniquely provides powerful core financial infrastructure primitives that applications can leverage, including a fully decentralized MEV-resistant on-chain orderbook. In addition, all forms of financial markets such as spot, perpetual, futures and options are fully on-chain. The decentralized cross-chain bridging infrastructure is compatible with Ethereum, IBC-enabled blockchains, and non EVM chains such as Solana.

Injective also provides a next-generation, highly interoperable smart contract platform based on CosmWasm, with advanced interchain capabilities. Injective is custom built with the Cosmos SDK and utilizes Tendermint-based Proof-of-Stake consensus mechanism, providing instant transaction finality with the ability to sustain lightning-fast performance (25,000+ TPS).

The Injective ecosystem includes 100+ projects and over 150,000 community members globally. Injective is backed by a group of prominent investors such as Binance, Pantera Capital, Jump Crypto and Mark Cuban.

Injective

Gala is a web3 ecosystem powered by a layer-1 blockchain (GalaChain) built to power the Gala entertainment ecosystem that originally included Gala Games, Gala Music and Gala Film. More recently however, GalaChain has opened its doors to external developers and projects from any applicable industry, providing open source developer resources to simplify the process.

On a mission to empower users and creators across multiple industries throughout the world, Gala’s goal is to become the first billion user blockchain in the world. Innovators can extend the benefits of web3 to their users and communities more easily than ever before by leveraging open source tools like the GalaChain SDK and Creator Portal.

By elevating their ideas to web3 through GalaChain, developers can create custom tokens, smart contracts, reward opportunities and node networks for their communities and projects. Assets built on GalaChain can also be bridged to other blockchains, such as Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain and more. Developers who wish to learn more about getting involved with GalaChain are welcome to reach out via GalaChain.com.

The core of GalaChain is powered by its DePIN (Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Network) of Founder’s Nodes, whose operators earn daily $GALA rewards for actively providing resources to the ecosystem and enjoy governance voting rights on certain core Gala decisions. In addition to the Founder’s Node network’s foundational workload, individual projects can also create Node networks on GalaChain with more specific workloads.

Gala.com
News.Gala.com
Games.Gala.com
Music.Gala.com
Film.Gala.com

Founded in 2017, Chainlink is a blockchain abstraction layer that enables universally connected smart contracts. Through a decentralized oracle network, Chainlink allows blockchains to securely interact with external data feeds, events and payment methods, providing the critical off-chain information needed by complex smart contracts to become the dominant form of digital agreement.

The Chainlink Network is driven by a large open-source community of data providers, node operators, smart contract developers, researchers, security auditors and more. The company focuses on ensuring that decentralized participation is guaranteed for all node operators and users looking to contribute to the network.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Chainlink.

NEAR Protocol is a layer-one blockchain that was designed as a community-run cloud computing platform and that eliminates some of the limitations that have been bogging competing blockchains, such as low transaction speeds, low throughput and poor interoperability. This provides the ideal environment for DApps and creates a developer and user-friendly platform. For instance, NEAR uses human-readable account names, unlike the cryptographic wallet addresses common to Ethereum. NEAR also introduces unique solutions to scaling problems and has its own consensus mechanism called “Doomslug.”

NEAR Protocol is being built by the NEAR Collective, its community that is updating the initial code and releasing updates to the ecosystem. Its declared goal is to build a platform that is “secure enough to manage high value assets like money or identity and performant enough to make them useful for everyday people.”

Flux, a protocol that allows developers to create markets based on assets, commodities, real-world events, and Mintbase, an NFT minting platform are examples of projects being built on NEAR Protocol.

NEAR Protocol

Arbitrum is an Ethereum layer-two (L2) scaling solution. It uses optimistic rollups to achieve its goal of improving speed, scalability and cost-efficiency on Ethereum. Arbitrum benefits from the security and compatibility of Ethereum. Another benefit is the higher throughput and lower fees compared to Ethereum. That is made possible thanks to moving most of the computation and storage load off-chain.

Arbitrum’s native token is called ARB and is used for governance. Offchain Labs, the developers behind Arbitrum, announced the shift to a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) structure — the Arbitrum DAO. ARB holders can vote on proposals that affect the features, protocol upgrades, funds allocation and election of a Security Council.

Arbitrum has an ambitious roadmap for 2023, which includes: Launching its own layer-three solution called Orbit; Enabling developers to deploy programs written in popular programming languages like Rust, C++, and more using Stylus; Expanding its validator set to include more independent institutional validators; Moving its protocol to layer two with Arbitrum One.

On March 16, 2023,  Arbitrum announced their highly anticipated airdrop of ARB. The token will be airdropped to early users and DAOs building on Arbitrum, with 12.75% of the total supply to be distributed. Recipients were rewarded on a point-based system depending on their interaction with the Arbitrum network until a cutoff date of March 1, 2023. The token generation event is on March 23, 2023.

Arbitrum

Hedera is the most used, sustainable, enterprise-grade public network for the decentralized economy that allows individuals and businesses to create powerful decentralized applications (DApps).

It is designed to be a fairer, more efficient system that eliminates some of the limitations that older blockchain-based platforms face — such as slow performance and instability.

It was funded through an initial coin offering (ICO) in August 2018 and first launched open access to its mainnet just over a year later in September 2019. As part of the ICO, investors were able to purchase the platform’s native utility token (HBAR) at the lowest possible pricing.

The HBAR token has a dual role within the Hedera public network.

First and foremost, HBAR the fuel that powers Hedera services, such as smart contracts, file storage and regular transactions. Second, it's used to help secure the network, since HBAR users can stake their tokens to assist with maintaining the integrity of the platform.

Hedera (HBAR) is the native cryptocurrency of Hedera Hashgraph, a platform that is positioned as an alternative to traditional blockchain technology and aims to excel in speed, efficiency and security.

Older blockchains tend to use a consensus mechanism like proof-of-work (PoW) to validate transactions, while younger blockchains opted for proof-of-stake (PoS). The Hedera Hashgraph system has a structure that was created from scratch particularly for the project. Hedera is based on a PoS model that is believed to increase the efficiency of transaction verification in the network, provide a high level of security, and protect the network from hacker attacks. Its ecosystem has the underlying hashgraph consensus algorithm and the global enterprise governing body.

Hedera Hashgraph is a distributed ledger technology (DLT). According to the project website, Hedera differs from other blockchains because it uses a new consensus algorithm called hashgraph. It intends to process and execute transactions faster, eliminate delays, and smooth out the TPS (transactions per second) indicator. Hashgraph is claimed to be an upgrade in transaction speed, cost, and scalability.

Core network services by Hedera:

Consensus Service (HCS). With HCS, clients send messages to the network to negotiate consensus timestamping and order. In this case, the state is stored offline, and users can define privacy and access control.

Hedera Token Service (HTS). Thanks to HTS, token creation and management are available to customers. It supports built-in tokenization.

The goal of Hedera’s hashgraph is to increase the speed of transactions. Moreover, the network is also focused on high-volume operations: micropayments, data integrity and tokenization.

Like the EVM, the Hedera network maintains a virtual machine that writes smart contracts in the Solidity programming language. On top of that, Hedera offers a set of built-in KYC and AML checks.

From a technical point of view, Hedera is a form of distributed ledger technology. It is a hashgraph, or consensus algorithm, where users agree on the order in which transactions should be performed. However, Hedera is not exactly a blockchain. It has its own distinctiveness and works differently. With hashgraph, all transaction branches are merged, no block equivalent is thrown away, and each is used to reach consensus.

One of the most noticeable features of the network is the Gossip-about-Gossip protocol. According to Dr. Leemon Baird, Hedera's inventor, within the system nodes randomly transmit data about themselves to other nodes via hashgraph using the Gossip protocol. Soon, all nodes in a cluster become familiar with each other. Then a certain data structure is formed. It consists of a payload of transactions, a timestamp, a digital signature, and hashes to the previous structures.

HBAR is Hedera's native token that powers applications on the Hedera network. HBAR is utilized to pay for network services, transaction fees, in-app payments and micropayments. Developers can pay network fees with HBAR tokens, namely: work with smart contracts, file storage and currency exchange. HBAR is used to incentivize and pay network nodes.

Hedera Hashgraph has a decentralized governance system that is set apart. All critical decisions about pricing policy, software updates, and wealth management are made by the Governing Council.

Hedera

Optimism (OP) is a layer-two blockchain on top of Ethereum. Optimism benefits from the security of the Ethereum mainnet and helps scale the Ethereum ecosystem by using optimistic rollups. That means transactions are trustlessly recorded on Optimism but ultimately secured on Ethereum.

Optimism is one of the biggest scaling solutions for Ethereum with over $500 million in TVL. It is home to 97 protocols, the biggest being Synthetix (SNX), a derivatives exchange, Uniswap (UNI), a DEX, and Velodrome (VELO), an AMM. Users can begin their journey on Optimism by adding the chain on their Metamask and bridging tokens like ETH to the L2. On May 31, 2022, Optimism conducted a highly anticipated airdrop of its OP token.

Optimism

Polygon (previously Matic Network) is the first well-structured, easy-to-use platform for Ethereum scaling and infrastructure development. Its core component is Polygon SDK, a modular, flexible framework that supports building multiple types of applications.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Polygon Matic.

Using Polygon, one can create optimistic rollup chains, ZK rollup chains, stand alone chains or any other kind of infra required by the developer.

Polygon effectively transforms Ethereum into a full-fledged multi-chain system (aka Internet of Blockchains). This multi-chain system is akin to other ones such as Polkadot, Cosmos, Avalanche etc. with the advantages of Ethereum’s security, vibrant ecosystem and openness.

The $MATIC token will continue to exist and will play an increasingly important role, securing the system and enabling governance.

Polygon (formerly Matic Network) is a Layer 2 scaling solution backed by Binance and Coinbase. The project seeks to stimulate mass adoption of cryptocurrencies by resolving the problems of scalability on many blockchains.

Polygon combines the Plasma Framework and the proof-of-stake blockchain architecture. The Plasma framework used by Polygon as proposed by the co-founder of Ethereum, Vitalik Buterin, allows for the easy execution of scalable and autonomous smart contracts.

Nothing will change for the existing ecosystem built on the Plasma-POS chain. With Polygon, new features are being built around the existing proven technology to expand the ability to cater to diverse needs from the developer ecosystem. Polygon will continue to develop the core technology so that it can scale to a larger ecosystem.

Polygon boasts of up to 65,000 transactions per second on a single side chain, along with a respectable block confirmation time of less than two seconds. The framework also allows for the creation of globally available decentralized financial applications on a single foundational blockchain.

The Plasma framework gives Polygon the potential of housing an unlimited number of decentralized applications on their infrastructure without experiencing the normal drawbacks common on proof-of-work blockchains. So far, Polygon has attracted more than 50 DApps to its PoS-secured Ethereum sidechain.

MATIC, the native tokens of Polygon, is an ERC-20 token running on the Ethereum blockchain. The tokens are used for payment services on Polygon and as a settlement currency between users who operate within the Polygon ecosystem. The transaction fees on Polygon sidechains are also paid in MATIC tokens.

Polygon

Bittensor

The Internet Computer blockchain incorporates a radical rethink of blockchain design, powered by innovations in cryptography. It provides the first “World Computer” blockchain that can be used to build almost any online system or service, including demanding web social media, without need for traditional IT such as cloud computing services. As such it can enable full end-to-end decentralization.

Internet Computer

Avalanche is a layer one blockchain that functions as a platform for decentralized applications and custom blockchain networks. It is one of Ethereum’s rivals, aiming to unseat Ethereum as the most popular blockchain for smart contracts. It aims to do so by having a higher transaction output of up to 6,500 transactions per second while not compromising scalability.

This is made possible by Avalanche’s unique architecture. The Avalanche network consists of three individual blockchains: the X-Chain, C-Chain and P-Chain. Each chain has a distinct purpose, which is radically different from the approach Bitcoin and Ethereum use, namely having all nodes validate all transactions. Avalanche blockchains even use different consensus mechanisms based on their use cases.

After its mainnet launch in 2020, Avalanche has worked on developing its own ecosystem of DApps and DeFi. Different Ethereum-based projects such as SushiSwap and TrueUSD have integrated with Avalanche. Furthermore, the platform is constantly working on improving interoperability between its own ecosystem and Ethereum, like through the development of bridges.

Avalanche

Akash Network

Sui is a groundbreaking layer-1 blockchain platform designed to support the needs of global adoption by offering a secure, powerful, and scalable development platform. At its core, Sui leverages a novel object-centric data model and the secure Move programming language to address inefficiencies prevalent in existing blockchain architectures.

On top of strong technical foundations, Sui prioritizes user experience by eliminating barriers commonly associated with blockchain interactions. Through innovations like zkLogin, sponsored transactions, and programmable transaction blocks, Sui creates a higher standard for user experience within Web3 by ensuring applications are accessible and user-friendly.

Quant launched in June 2018 with the goal of connecting blockchains and networks on a global scale, without reducing the efficiency and interoperability of the network. It is the first project to solve the interoperability problem through the creation of the first blockchain operating system.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Quant.

The project is built as an operating system distributed ledger technology— and Overledger Network — for connecting different blockchain networks. The project is billed as the first OS to be built for blockchains.

The main aim of Quant — using Overledger — is to bridge the gap that exists between different blockchains. The backbone of the project is the Overledger network, which Quant bills as the ecosystem on which the future digital economy ecosystem will be built.

Overledger allows developers to build decentralized multi-chain applications (known as MApps) for their customers. For developers to build a Mapp on the network, they must hold a certain amount of Quant tokens (QNT).

Kaspa is a proof-of-work (PoW) cryptocurrency which implements the GHOSTDAG protocol. Unlike traditional blockchains, GHOSTDAG does not orphan blocks created in parallel, rather allows them to coexist and orders them in consensus. The Kaspa blockchain is actually a blockDAG. This generalization of Nakamoto consensus allows for secure operation while maintaining very high block rates (currently one block per second, aiming for 10/sec, dreaming of 100/sec) and minuscule confirmation times dominated by internet latency.

The Kaspa implementation includes a lot of cool features such as Reachability to query the DAG's topology, Block data pruning (with near-future plans for block header pruning), SPV proofs, and later subnetwork support which will make future implementation of layer 2 solutions much easier.