## IoTeX (IOTX) คืออะไร?

เริ่มต้นในฐานะโครงการแบบโอเพนซอร์ซในปี 2017 โดย IoTeX ได้สร้างแพลตฟอร์มแบบกระจายศูนย์ซึ่งมีจุดมุ่งหมายเพื่อเพิ่มขีดความสามารถของระบบเศรษฐกิจแบบเปิดสำหรับเครื่องจักร — ซึ่งเป็นระบบนิเวศแบบเปิดที่ผู้คนและเครื่องจักรสามารถโต้ตอบได้ด้วยความไว้วางใจที่ได้รับการรับประกัน, ความเป็นอิสระ และภายใต้แรงจูงใจทางเศรษฐกิจที่ออกแบบมาอย่างเหมาะสม

ด้วยทีมนักวิทยาศาสตร์และวิศวกรด้านการวิจัยมากกว่า 40 คน IoTeX ได้สร้างบล็อคเชนที่เข้ากันได้กับ EVM ตั้งแต่เริ่มต้นโดยใช้ฉันทามติของ Roll-DPoS ที่เป็นนวัตกรรมใหม่และเปิดตัวในเดือนเมษายน 2019 ซึ่งมีตัวแทนกว่า 100 คนทั่วโลกที่ดำเนินการและดำเนินการมาแล้วมากกว่า 10 ล้านธุรกรรม ด้านบนของบล็อคเชน IoTeX ทีมงานได้สร้างบล็อกโครงสร้างพื้นฐานที่สำคัญเพื่อเชื่อมต่อกับบล็อคเชนของ Ethereum, BSC และ Heco เช่น ioPay wallet ([https://iopay-wallet.iotex.io/](https://iopay-wallet.iotex.io/)) และ ioTube bridge ( https://tube.iotex.io/ ) ซึ่งให้บริการแก่ผู้ใช้นับหมื่นราย IoTeX ช่วยให้ DApps ที่ทำงานบน EVM สามารถปรับขนาดได้ โดยไม่ต้องเสียค่าธรรมเนียม gas ที่แพง!

นอกจากนี้ middleware เช่น Decentralized Identity, Confidential Computing และ Secure Hardware ได้ถูกสร้างขึ้นบนบล็อคเชนของ IoTeX เพื่อเปิดใช้งานอุปกรณ์ที่มีอำนาจในตัวเอง เช่น Ucam real-world oracle เช่น Pebble The former ( https://ucam.iotex.io/ ) ซึ่งถูกนำไปใช้ในกว่า 3,000 รายแล้ว ( http://iott.network/ ) และยังคงกระจายต่อไป ในทางตรงกันข้าม หลังเปิดตัวให้กับนักพัฒนามากกว่า 300 รายในขั้นต้น และเปิดใช้งาน Dapps ที่เป็นนวัตกรรมใหม่ที่เชื่อมต่อโลกทางกายภาพกับโลกของคริปโต เช่น NFT ในโลกแห่งความเป็นจริง, ตราสารอนุพันธ์ของสภาพอากาศ และการเรียนรู้ด้วยเครื่องขณะทำเหมือง

### ใครคือผู้ก่อตั้ง IoTeX?

ผู้ก่อตั้งของ IoTeX ได้แก่ Raullen Chai, Qevan Guo, Xinxin Fan และ Jing Sun

นอกจากการเป็นผู้ร่วมก่อตั้งของ IoTeX แล้ว Raullen Chai ยังเป็นที่ปรึกษาของ BootUP Ventures และเป็นสมาชิกของ Industrial Distributed Ledger Task ที่ Industrial Internet Consortium เขาเคยทำงานเป็นหัวหน้าฝ่ายวิจัยและพัฒนาคริปโตและการรักษาความปลอดภัยด้านวิศวกรรมที่ Uber

Qevan Guo ยังเป็นผู้ร่วมก่อตั้งของ Hyperconnect Lab เขาเคยเป็นนักวิทยาศาสตร์ด้านการวิจัยและผู้จัดการฝ่ายวิศวกรรมที่ Facebook

Xinxin Fan เป็นวิศวกรวิจัยอาวุโสที่ Bosch Research and Technology Center ในอเมริกาเหนือ ก่อนมาร่วมก่อตั้ง IoTeX Xinxin เขายังทำงานเป็นผู้ร่วมวิจัยและผู้จัดการโครงการที่มหาวิทยาลัย Waterloo

Jing Sun ทำงานเป็นหุ้นส่วนผู้จัดการที่ Sparkland Capital เธอเป็นนักลงทุน LP ที่ Polychain Capital และนักลงทุน angel ที่ Rippling

### อะไรที่ทำให้ IoTeX ไม่เหมือนใคร?

IoTeX เป็นแกนหลักในการกระจายอำนาจสำหรับเครื่องจักรแบบประหยัด ซึ่งให้บริการเครื่องจักรตั้งแต่อุปกรณ์สมาร์ทโฮมไปจนถึงยานยนต์อัตโนมัติ ด้วยเหตุนี้ IoTeX ได้สร้างและเปิดตัวบล็อคเชนที่รวดเร็ว, ประสิทธิภาพสูง และเข้ากันได้กับ EVM ซึ่งให้ความยืดหยุ่นและความสามารถในการปรับขนาดสำหรับแอปพลิเคชันต่าง ๆ นอกจากนี้ middlewares และ Dapps ยังถูกสร้างขึ้นบนบล็อคเชนเพื่อนำอุปกรณ์ที่มีอำนาจในการปกครองตนเองและออราเคิลของจริงมาสู่ความเป็นจริง

IOTX เป็นเหรียญดั้งเดิมที่ใช้ควบคุมโปรโตคอลบล็อคเชน ในขณะที่ถูกใช้เป็นgas สำหรับโปรโตคอลบล็อคเชนด้วยเช่นกัน Burndrop ( http://burndrop.iotex.io/ ) เป็นการออกแบบที่ประหยัดซึ่งนำไปสู่ภาวะเงินฝืดของ IOTX ในขณะที่จำนวนอุปกรณ์ที่ควบคุมโดย IoTeX เพิ่มขึ้น

#### หน้าที่เกี่ยวข้อง:

เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับ [DREP](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/currencies/drep/)

เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับ [TenX](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/currencies/tenx/)

เรียนรู้เกี่ยวกับเหรียญที่สามารถขุดได้ที่ [CMC Alexandria](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-are-mined-coins)

เรียนรู้ทุกสิ่งที่คุณจำเป็นต้องรู้เกี่ยวกับคริปโตบน [CoinMarketCap blog](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/blog)

### มีเหรียญ IoTeX (IOTX) หมุนเวียนอยู่กี่เหรียญ?

ณ เดือนมีนาคม 2021 IOTX มีอุปทานหมุนเวียนอยู่ที่ 9,644,304,442 โทเค็น และอุปทานสูงสุดที่ 10,000,000,000 โทเค็น

### เครือข่าย IoTeX มีความปลอดภัยอย่างไร?

IoTeX มีกลไกหลายอย่างที่รับรองความเป็นส่วนตัวของผู้ใช้งานและธุรกรรม บางส่วนเป็น ring signatures และรหัสการชำระเงินที่เชื่อถือได้ซึ่งจะซ่อนที่อยู่ของผู้รับธุรกรรมไว้

สำหรับ proof-of-stake จะทำงานด้วยการที่มีผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียลงคะแนนให้กับผู้ผลิตบล็อกในเครือข่าย มีการกำหนดจำนวนผู้ผลิตบล็อกและเมื่อได้รับเลือกแล้ว พวกเขามีหน้าที่เพิ่มบล็อกใหม่ให้กับบล็อคเชน

ในการทำเช่นนั้น พวกเขาจะได้รับรางวัลที่สามารถแจกจ่ายให้กับผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียที่ทำการโหวตให้พวกเขา, สามารถจูงใจผู้ผลิตบล็อกให้ทำงานต่อไป และทำให้ผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียให้ลงคะแนนสำหรับผู้ผลิตบล็อกต่อไป

### คุณสามารถซื้อ IoTeX (IOTX) ได้จากที่ไหน

IoTeX (IOTX) สามารถซื้อและขายในตัวกลางการแลกเปลี่ยนมากมาย รวมถึง:

* [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/exchanges/binance/)
* [Huobi Global](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/exchanges/huobi-global/)
* [HBTC](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/exchanges/hbtc/)
* [Xtheta Global](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/exchanges/xtheta-global/)
* [VCC Exchange](https://coinmarketcap.com/th/exchanges/vcc-exchange/)

หากคุณสนใจที่จะเรียนรู้เพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับวิธีการซื้อ Bitcoin (BTC) หรือคริปโตเคอร์เรนซีอื่น ๆ โปรดอ่าน [คู่มือเฉพาะ](https://coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/) ของ CoinMarketCap

นี่คือบทความอื่น ๆ ที่คุณอาจสนใจ:

* [คริปโตฟอเซ็ต (Crypto Faucet) คืออะไร?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-a-crypto-faucet)
* [บัตรเดบิตคริปโตคืออะไร?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-are-crypto-debit-cards)
* [Web 3.0 คืออะไร?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-web-3-0)
* [การฟาร์มผลตอบแทนคืออะไร?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-yield-farming)
* [การให้ยืมคริปโต (Crypto Lending) คืออะไร?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-crypto-lending)

IoTeX

The Modular DePIN Infrastructure: A Comprehensive Overview

What Is IoTeX (IOTX)? Features and Price Prediction

Binance

Ledger

Trust Wallet

MetaMask

Binance Chain Wallet

IoTex

Harmony is a blockchain platform designed to facilitate the creation and use of decentralized applications (DApps). The network aims to innovate the way decentralized applications work by focusing on random state sharding, which allows creating blocks in seconds.

According to the project’s website, Harmony is expected to introduce cross-shard contracts and a cross-chain infrastructure by the end of 2021.

Harmony

Holo is a peer-to-peer distributed platform for hosting decentralized applications built using Holochain, a framework for developing DApps that does not require the use of blockchain technology. The goal of Holo is to serve as a bridge between the broader internet and apps built using Holochain, offering an ecosystem and marketplace in which DApps are easily accessible, as they are hosted on the internet by Holo network participants.

The Holo network will be facilitated using a token called HoloFuel, which is actively being tested and will act as an accounting system to pay hosts for their services. In 2018, the project minted an ERC-20 token, HOT — also known as HoloToken — as an "IOU" that will be redeemable for HoloFuel upon launch.

Holo is still in development and is expected to launch for open alpha and beta testing by 2021.

Holo

What Is Ankr (ANKR)?

Ankr is a decentralized blockchain infrastructure provider that operates an array of nodes globally distributed across over 50 Proof-of-Stake networks. This infrastructure helps drive the growth of the crypto economy while powering a full suite of multi-chain tools for Web3 users:

Ankr Build
Ankr provides comprehensive blockchain developer solutions, including traditional APIs, a decentralized multi-chain network of public RPC nodes used to access blockchain data and execute code, and tools like Ankr Scan to view on-chain information across blockchains.

Ankr Earn
Ankr Earn makes staking, liquid staking, and other yield-earning opportunities easy and accessible to any crypto investor. Ankr creates the most scalable and decentralized staking infrastructure solution that aims to solve the capital inefficiency of Proof-of-Stake networks and similar blockchain consensus mechanisms.

Ankr Learn
Through Ankr’s learning tools, tutorials, and docs, anyone can become a better user or developer of blockchain-based systems.

Ankr

IOTA is a distributed ledger technology (DLT) that features unique architecture and an open-source product suite for individuals, businesses, and institutions to use in Web3. It is built on a directed acyclic graph (DAG) called the Tangle, which can be pictured as a multi-dimensional blockchain. It enables the exchange of data and value on a decentralized platform through direct and secure transfers, executed on and immutably recorded on the network.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive into IOTA.

Together with its staging network Shimmer, IOTA aims to offer solutions to establish a secure and permissionless infrastructure that can drive the economy of the future. It enables the development of decentralized applications through automated trust in the form of Ethereum-compatible smart contracts, an advanced consensus algorithm, and thoughtfully balanced incentives.

IOTA delivers tools for creating and managing custom Layer 2 (EVM) chains, deploying smart contracts, minting native tokens and NFTs with distinctive features, and introducing digital identities to users.

Launching in 2024, IOTA 2.0 will be a protocol upgrade that rebuilds IOTA’s architecture to deliver full decentralization. You can find more about it here.

IOTA

Zilliqa is a public, permissionless blockchain that is designed to offer high throughput with the ability to complete thousands of transactions per second. It seeks to solve the issue of blockchain scalability and speed by employing sharding as a second-layer scaling solution. The platform is home to many decentralized applications, and as of October 2020, it also allows for staking and yield farming.

Development work officially started on Zilliqa in June 2017, and its testnet went live in March 2018. A little over a year later, in June 2019, the platform launched its mainnet.

The native utility token of Zilliqa, ZIL, is used to process transactions on the network and execute smart contracts.

Zilliqa

Oasis is the pioneering layer 1 blockchain designed to enable scalability and confidential compute. Oasis is home to Sapphire, the first confidential EVM that empowers Web3 and Decentralized AI developers to build dApps with Smart Privacy natively on Oasis or other EVM-based chains.

ROSE is the native token of the Oasis Network used for gas fees, staking, delegation and governance. With a unique layered architecture, Oasis presents the optimal building and execution environment for DeFi, AI, GameFi, NFTs, the metaverse, data tokenization and DAO governance. Oasis also has native support for rollups at the consensus layer.

Oasis

LRC is the Ethereum-based cryptocurrency token of Loopring, an open protocol designed for the building of decentralized crypto exchanges.

In 2020, the average daily trading volume of the entire cryptocurrency market fluctuated in the approximate range of $50-$200 million. Most of that trading is conducted on centralized cryptocurrency exchanges — online platforms operated by private companies that store users’ funds and facilitate the matching of buy and sell orders.

Such platforms have a number of downsides common to all of them, so a new type of exchange — decentralized— has emerged to try to alleviate these disadvantages. However, fully decentralized exchanges are not without their own flaws.

Loopring’s purported goal is to combine centralized order matching with decentralized on-blockchain order settlement into a hybridized product that will take the best aspects of both centralized and decentralized exchanges.

LRC tokens became available to the public during an initial coin offering (ICO) in August 2017, while the Loopring protocol was first deployed on Ethereum mainnet in December 2019.

Loopring

Launched in 2011 by Pixowl, The Sandbox is a blockchain-based virtual world allowing users to create, build, buy and sell digital assets in the form of a game. By combining the powers of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAO) and non-fungible tokens (NFTs), the Sandbox creates a decentralized platform for a thriving gaming community.

According to the official whitepaper, the Sandbox platform’s main mission is to introduce blockchain technology in mainstream gaming successfully. The platform focuses on facilitating a creative “play-to-earn” model, which allows users to be both creators and gamers simultaneously. The Sandbox employs the powers of blockchain technology by introducing the SAND utility token, which facilitates transactions on the platform.

The Sandbox

Enjin Coin is a project of Enjin, a company that provides an ecosystem of interconnected, blockchain-based gaming products. Enjin's flagship offering is the Enjin Network, a social gaming platform through which users can create websites and clans, chat, and host virtual item stores.

Enjin allows game developers to tokenize in-game items on the Ethereum blockchain. It uses Enjin Coin, an ERC-20 token, to back the digital assets issued using its platform, meaning that items can be bought, sold and traded with real-world value.

Enjin Coin was first announced in July 2017, and it launched on the Ethereum mainnet in June 2018.

Enjin Coin (ENJ) is a digital store of value used to back the value of blockchain assets like non-fungible tokens (NFTs).
Every asset minted with the Enjin Platform contains ENJ, a minting resource which is locked inside NFTs and removed from circulation. Minting blockchain assets with ENJ provides a variety of benefits to creators and users:

Infuses them with a reserve value

Ensures their transparency and scarcity

Gives them instant liquidity

Provides utility in games and apps

Anti-inflationary

Enjin's "melting" functionality allows users to destroy their blockchain assets at any time to retrieve the ENJ value from within.

The Enjin blockchain ecosystem aims to offer software products that make it easy for everyone to develop, trade, monetize, and market with blockchain.

Founded in 2009, Enjin has roots in the gaming industry, with the company’s first product, a gaming community platform called the Enjin Network, growing to 20 million users over the course of a decade.

In 2017 following an ICO, Enjin established itself as a leading blockchain ecosystem developer, building a suite of software products that enable anyone to easily mint, manage, trade, distribute, and integrate blockchain assets.

Enjin’s co-founder Witek Radomski wrote the code for one of the first ever non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and is also the co-author of the ERC-1155 Ethereum token standard.

Built on top of an on-chain infrastructure, the Enjin ecosystem enables game developers and businesses of all sizes to use tokenized digital assets as part of their acquisition, retention, engagement, and monetization strategies. The Enjin ecosystem is fueled by Enjin Coin (ENJ), a cryptocurrency used to back the value of blockchain assets.

Enjin Coin

Chiliz is the leading digital currency for sports and entertainment by the eponymous Malta-based FinTech provider. It operates the blockchain-based sports entertainment platform Socios, which enables users to participate in the governance of their favorite sports brands. Multiple fan tokens by Socios.com are an example of that. For sports clubs and associations, fan tokens offer a way of connecting with their fans and unlocking new revenue streams.

For instance, fans can participate and influence club-related decisions through surveys and polls, such as messages the captain should wear on his armband. The company aims to bridge the gap between being an active and a passive fan. Chiliz has developed partnerships with some of the biggest sporting institutions in the world: FC Barcelona, Manchester City, Juventus Turin, and Paris Saint-Germain. It also boasts partnerships with the UFC and gaming organizations. By purchasing CHZ, fans get access to various fan tokens and literally have a stake in their club.

Chiliz

VeChainThor (VET) is a versatile enterprise-grade L1 smart contract platform whose origins began in 2015. VeChain is known as a pioneer of real-world enterprise applications, and built a distributed platform powered by Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, NFC chips and blockchain to help various industries solve data-related challenges.

VeChain solves major blockchain adoption hurdles. The platform uses an intelligent two token model, VET and VTHO, separating the protocol's Store of Value and gas fee payment mechanisms, ensuring costs can be kept low and stable. Fee delegation allows smart contracts to pay gas fees on behalf of business users, and an advanced transaction model allows data to be packaged more efficiently while ensuring finality of data.

VeChain is focused on delivering a wave of incentive-based sustainability dApps through its new platform, VeBetterDAO, working closely with Boston Consulting Group to achieve adoption across enterprise and individual users, and helping  onboard the next billion users to Web3 over the coming decade.

From supply chains to sustainability, VeChain has continuously demonstrated its leading role as a driver of blockchain in business, and is dedicated to its role as a pioneer of driving real world adoption of blockchain technology.

VeChain

SushiSwap (SUSHI) is an example of an automated market maker (AMM). An increasingly popular tool among cryptocurrency users, AMMs are decentralized exchanges which use smart contracts to create markets for any given pair of tokens.

SushiSwap launched in September 2020 as a fork of Uniswap, the AMM which has become synonymous with the decentralized finance (DeFi) movement and associated trading boom in DeFi tokens.

SushiSwap aims to diversify the AMM market and also add additional features not previously present on Uniswap, such as increased rewards for network participants via its in-house token, SUSHI.

SushiSwap

Celer is a blockchain interoperability
protocol enabling a one-click user experience accessing tokens, DeFi, GameFi, NFTs, governance, and more across multiple chains. Developers can build inter-chain-native Dapps using the Celer Inter-chain Messaging Framework to gain access to efficient liquidity utilization, coherent application logic, and shared states. Users of Celer-enabled dApps will enjoy the benefits of a diverse multi-blockchain ecosystem with the simplicity of a single-transaction UX, all from a single chain.

Celer Network

Fantom is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) smart contract platform providing decentralized finance (DeFi) services to developers using its own bespoke consensus algorithm.

Together with its in-house token FTM, Fantom aims to solve problems associated with smart-contract platforms, specifically transaction speed, which developers say they have reduced to under two seconds.

The Fantom Foundation, which oversees the Fantom product offering, was originally created in 2018, with the launch of OPERA, Fantom’s mainnet, coming in December 2019.

Fantom is an open-source decentralized smart contract platform for DApps and digital assets that was created as an alternative to Ethereum. Fantom has the goal of overcoming the limitations of previous generation blockchains and balancing three components: scalability, security and decentralization. The project offers a set of tools to simplify the process of integrating existing DApps, as well as a detailed staking reward system and built-in DeFi instruments.

Fantom is a Layer-1 blockchain that uses a scratch-built consensus mechanism and independent consensus layer, Lachesis, to facilitate DeFi and related services on the basis of smart contracts. Lachesis provides security for other layers as well, including Opera, Fantom's EVM-compatible smart contract chain. The long-playing mission of the project is to “grant compatibility between all transaction bodies around the world.”

One of Fantom's key strengths is its performance and efficient transaction processing, namely thousands of transactions per second, where transactions are settled in 1-2 seconds, and the cost is fractions of a cent per transaction. As a result, Fantom provides higher scalability but at a lower cost.

The ecosystem is based on two main technologies: Lachesis protocol and Opera.

The Lachesis protocol is the core consensus layer that secures the Fantom network by providing both transaction speed and security.

Lachesis is an aBFT consensus engine that uses a directed acyclic graph (DAG) algorithm. How it works: network data can be processed at different times, and the network filters the participants, allowing only one third, which are allocated due to erroneous or malicious behavior, without compromising network processes.

Fantom's Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerant (aBFT) Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism maintains the efficiency of the entire network, its design provides security at maximum speed. Fantom developers emphasize that the PoS mechanism is a leaderless phenomenon — there are no leaders of blocks and participants, and anyone can join (or leave) the network of nodes at a convenient moment.

The key qualities of Lachesis are: asynchronous, leaderless, Byzantine fault-tolerant, and near-instant finality.

As for Opera, it's an application development layer or Fantom's mainnet deployment platform, permissionless and open-source hosting DApps. Thanks to EVM integration and support for the Solidity programming language, Fantom has a full set of smart contract capabilities, which allows users to seamlessly interact with Ethereum platforms while maintaining the advantage of Fantom's transaction efficiency.

The Fantom Foundation concluded that removing block leaders improves network security, so Opera uses a PoS model and leaderless validators (validators do not determine which blocks are valid).

In addition to being a fast, secure and cheap payment platform that enables to make fast and secure payments at minimal cost, Fantom also features on-chain governance where users vote with FTM tokens (one token equals one vote). Of the features: users have the right to express the degree of agreement / disagreement on a scale from 0 to 4.

FTM is the native utility in-house PoS token of Fantom that powers the ecosystem and is applied for payments, network fees, staking, and governance. FTM forms the backbone of transactions, and allows fee collection and staking activities, along with the user rewards the latter represents.

Fantom

The Graph is an indexing protocol for querying data for networks like Ethereum and IPFS, powering many applications in both DeFi and the broader Web3 ecosystem. Anyone can build and publish open APIs, called subgraphs, that applications can query using GraphQL to retrieve blockchain data. There is a hosted service in production that makes it easy for developers to get started building on The Graph and the decentralized network will be launching later this year. The Graph currently supports indexing data from Ethereum, IPFS and POA, with more networks coming soon.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of The Graph.

To date, over3,000 subgraphs have been deployed by thousands of developers, for DApps like Uniswap, Synthetix, Aragon, AAVE, Gnosis, Balancer, Livepeer, DAOstack, Decentraland and many others. The Graph usage has been growing at over 50% MoM and hit over 7 billion queries during the month of September 2020.

The Graph has a global community, including over 200 Indexer Nodes in the testnet and more than 2,000 Curators in the Curator Program as of October 2020. To fund network development, The Graph raised funds from community members, strategic VCs and influential individuals in the blockchain community including Coinbase Ventures, DCG, Framework, ParaFi Capital, CoinFund, DTC, Multicoin, Reciprocal Ventures, SPC, Tally Capital and others. The Graph Foundation also successfully completed a public GRT Sale with participation from 99 countries (not including the U.S.). To date as of November 2020, The Graph has raised ~$25M.

The Graph

Tezos is a high-performing blockchain and open-source platform for assets and applications, with a strong focus on code security, on-chain governance, and decentralization. Tezos 2.0, the upcoming step in the evolution of Tezos, aims to improve scalability (via layer 2s), composability, and to implement support to mainstream programming languages (like Javascript, Typescript, Python, and many others).

Initially built with formal verification in mind, the Tezos protocol enables builders to avoid bugs when developing smart contracts, making it particularly suited to applications that require a high degree of security and certainty.

Tezos’ LPoS (Liquid Proof-of-Stake) consensus mechanism enables any stakeholder to take part, directly or by delegation, in the consensus process, and to be rewarded for securing the network. Rather uniquely, Tezos’ on-chain governance system also enables stakeholders to create and vote on protocol upgrade proposals. This pioneering system allows the protocol to self-amend and upgrade itself without leading to a split (or fork) in the blockchain, empowering the community without slowing down innovation.

First proposed in 2014 and launched in 2018, the Tezos Mainnet has a proven track record of running uninterrupted ever since, having earned a strong reputation for technical excellence and a supportive community.

Tezos

IOST describes itself as an “ultra-fast,” fully fledged and decentralized blockchain network and ecosystem with its own nodes, wallets and based on the “next-generation” consensus protocol dubbed “proof-of-believability.”

IOST

Algorand is a self-sustaining, decentralized, blockchain-based network that supports a wide range of applications. These systems are secure, scalable and efficient, all critical properties for effective applications in the real world. Algorand will support computations that require reliable performance guarantees to create new forms of trust.

The Algorand mainnet became live in June 2019, and was able to handle almost 1 million transactions per day as of December 2020. Algorand transaction metrics can be viewed here. Algorand initial coin offering (ICO) was held in June 2019, with the Algorand price of $0.24 per token.

Algorand

Siacoin (SC) is the native utility token of Sia, a blockchain-based distributed, decentralized cloud storage platform. Sia acts as a secure, trustless marketplace for cloud storage in which users can lease access to their unused storage space. Agreements and transactions are enforced with smart contracts, and Siacoin is the medium of exchange for paying for storage on the network. The main goal of the project is to become the "backbone storage layer of the internet."

Sia was originally announced in May 2014 before being revised and re-announced a year later in May 2015. It officially launched in June 2015.

Siacoin

Decentraland (MANA) defines itself as a virtual reality platform powered by the Ethereum blockchain that allows users to create, experience, and monetize content and applications.

In this virtual world, users purchase plots of land that they can later navigate, build upon and monetize.

Decentraland was launched following a $24 million initial coin offering (ICO) that was conducted in 2017. The virtual world launched its closed beta in 2019 and opened to the public in February 2020. Since then, users have created a wide range of experiences on their parcels of LAND, including interactive games, sprawling 3D scenes and a variety of other interactive experiences.

Decentraland uses two tokens: MANA and LAND. MANA is an ERC-20 token that must be burned to acquire non-fungible ERC-721 LAND tokens. MANA tokens can also be used to pay for a range of avatars, wearables, names, and more on the Decentraland marketplace.

Decentraland (MANA) is a decentralized virtual world platform with software based on the Ethereum blockchain, where users create, test and monetize content. In short: users buy virtual plots of land as NFTs with MANA tokens on the Decentraland platform. Progress in the game depends only on players themselves, their efforts and their imagination.

The digital platform is completely owned by its users. Within the Decentraland metaverse, participants can explore the virtual world, purchase plots of land that can be monetized, create works of art, own non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and take part in a decentralized autonomous organization of the platform Decentraland DAO. Due to the DAO, the community influences the development vector of the project.

In addition, users have access to interactive applications, in-world payments and peer-to-peer communication. The 3D world resonates with many participants as Decentraland has many applications, both entertainment for gamers and business for investors.

Two types of tokens called MANA and LAND govern operations in Decentraland. They also allow users to interact with the platform.

MANA is the official currency of Decentraland. It’s an ERC-20 standard token that powers the Decentraland platform. With MANA, users can purchase plots of LAND, as well as pay for in-game items and services.

MANA gives its holders the right to vote in Decentraland DAO. MANA can be purchased on a cryptocurrency exchange or by selling collectibles on Decentraland Marketplace. The owner of tokens converts them to wrapped MANA, or wMANA, and then commits them to the DAO. One wMANA equals one vote. MANA can be exchanged for fiat currency and other digital assets.

As for LAND, it’s a non-fungible token (NFT) based on Ethereum (ETH). It is used to track ownership of land parcels aka digital real estate. Like MANA, LAND is part of the protocol and confers voting rights, but LAND does not need to be fixed in the DAO. One LAND is equal to two thousand votes.

Players choose what to do with their land. Owners store tokens in crypto wallets and buy necessities with MANA tokens on the Decentraland Marketplace. Moreover, on the marketplace, participants can manage or exchange LAND tokens (priced in MANA). Holders use the marketplace to transact or transfer in-game items. All transactions are conducted, regulated and registered via the Ethereum blockchain.

Decentraland combines an online gaming space and blockchain technology. All control over the rules is given to the players, and token holders vote on in-game and organizational policies. The original goal was to form a decentralized virtual reality, but in practice, Decentraland has turned into a massive NFT market.

A special role in Decentraland is assigned to NFTs, such as collectibles, virtual equipment and real estate (LAND). However, for new players who want to join the universe and seize NFTs, the entry barrier will be high.

The Decentraland protocol is built on three levels using Ethereum smart contracts. On the consensus layer, the ownership of LAND is tracked and managed. The land content layer displays the content of the Decentraland virtual world. Finally, on the real-time layer, participants interact with each other.

The platform was co-founded by two blockchain experts, Ari Meilich and Esteban Ordano, in 2015. Officially it was launched a year later and became available only in February 2020, gradually turning from a 2D experiment into a full-fledged 3D world.

To sum up, Decentraland is a decentralized game and a 3D virtual reality platform where players own lands and create limitlessly. Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) software is at the core, and governance is in the hands of the community. Through the native token MANA, players participate in any proposals for managing and improving the ecosystem, the auction system, and the in-game policy.