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Celestia Labs has unveiled Voyager, a blockchain architecture built for payments made by AI agents, and says it sustained more than 21 million transactions per second (TPS) in a single-node test. The announcement came on October 29, according to <a href="https://blockchain.news/news/celestia-voyager-blockchain-agent-payments" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Blockchain.News</a>.
<a href="https://x.com/celestia" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">@celestia</a>, the network behind <a href="https://x.com/search?q=%24TIA&amp;src=cashtag_click" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">$TIA</a>, positions Voyager as a payments layer for AI agents that need fast, low-cost settlement each time they use data, content or a service.
<h2 id="what-the-benchmark-showed">What the Benchmark Showed</h2>
In its first full benchmark, Celestia said Voyager ran for five hours across 100 million accounts. <a href="https://www.kucoin.com/news/flash/celestia-unveils-voyager-for-ai-payments-claims-21-million-tps-in-test" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">KuCoin News</a> reports that throughput averaged 21.2 million TPS and peaked at 21.6 million. The run covered about 400 billion random transfers, with a single CPU core handling all balance updates.
Celestia says Voyager splits payment processing into independently scalable threads, so the execution thread that updates balances is not held up by other work. Per <a href="https://chaincatcher.com/en/article/2300156" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">ChainCatcher</a>, transactions are first checked for signatures and batched at an entry layer. They then pass into a circular buffer inspired by the Disruptor exchange system, with state held in a flat table rather than a Merkle tree.
Every payment is published to Celestia Fibre, the network's high-capacity data layer. <a href="https://cryptonews.net/news/altcoins/33622327/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">The Defiant, via Cryptonews</a>, reports that Fibre was activated on mainnet on October 20 and gives rollups a separate route to publish large data packages directly to validators.
<h2 id="limits-and-next-steps">Limits and Next Steps</h2>
The result comes with caveats. The test ran on a single node and did not include state root computation, cross-machine replication or real-time state queries at the same scale, according to <a href="https://kucoin.com/news/flash/celestia-launches-payment-architecture-voyager-with-21-million-tps-in-benchmark-test" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">KuCoin News</a>. <a href="https://thedefiant.io/news/infrastructure/celestia-unveils-voyager-for-ai-payments-citing-21-million-tps-benchmark" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">The Defiant</a> describes Voyager as pre-production and says the single-node figure is not a measure of live network throughput.
Celestia Labs still has work to do, including syncing data to other nodes, before Voyager can go into production. Blockchain.News notes that Celestia has not given a timeline for any launch. The company has said it plans to publish a more detailed technical write-up.
Voyager also marks a shift in focus. KuCoin News notes that the project extends Celestia Labs from supplying data capacity to building software that processes transactions.
Sources:
<ul>
 <li><a href="https://thedefiant.io/news/infrastructure/celestia-unveils-voyager-for-ai-payments-citing-21-million-tps-benchmark" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">The Defiant: Celestia Unveils Voyager for AI Payments, Citing 21 Million TPS Benchmark</a></li>
 <li><a href="https://blockchain.news/news/celestia-voyager-blockchain-agent-payments" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Blockchain.News: Celestia Introduces Voyager Blockchain for Agent Payments</a></li>
 <li><a href="https://cryptonews.net/news/altcoins/33622327/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Cryptonews (via The Defiant): Celestia Activates Fibre, Opening Direct Validator Uploads for Rollups</a></li>
</ul>

Celestia Unveils Voyager Payments Architecture for AI Agents, Citing 21 Million TPS in Test

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