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Avalanche experienced primary network downtime on Feb. 23 for at least four hours as developers moved to implement fixes. 
Block finalization stalled on Avalanche’s C-chain due to a bug with new inscriptions launched on the layer-1 network, Ava Labs co-founder Kevin Sekniqi <a href="https://x.com/kevinsekniqi/status/1761003218836873728?s=20" target="_blank">explained</a> on X. Transactions halted on the blockchain as new blocks could not be added.&nbsp; 
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 Investigating Avalanche primary network block production issue right now. Seems to be related to a new inscription wave launched about an hour ago.— Kevin Sekniqi 🔺 (@kevinsekniqi) <a href="https://twitter.com/kevinsekniqi/status/1761003218836873728?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw" target="_blank" rel="noopener">February 23, 2024</a>
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Avalanche operates using a tri-chain infrastructure split into C-chain, X-chain, and P-chain. C-chain is where creators deploy smart contracts, making this the base layer of defi activity. 
The X-chain is dedicated to transferring assets and facilitating cryptocurrency exchanges, while the P-chain is the validator platform focused on securing Avalanche by staking <a href="https://crypto.news/price/avalanche/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AVAX</a>, the network’s native token.&nbsp; 
 You might also like: <a href="https://crypto.news/avalanche-avax-price-prediction/"> Avalanche price prediction for 2024: a comprehensive forecast </a> 
Sekniqi noted that the sheer magnitude of shipped code on Avalanche likely allowed the inscriptions bug to slip through unnoticed till it hit the mainnet. Avascan data showed the issue was unresolved at press time, although developers were reportedly addressing the problem. 
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 Obviously, this is some esoteric bug from some edge case that should be handled quickly. Likely some mempool handling issue with inscriptions that hit some untested edge cases. <cite>Kevin Sekniqi, Ava Labs co-founder</cite>
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 <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="572" src="https://crypto.news/app/uploads/2024/02/Screenshot-271-1024x572.png" alt="Avalanche" class="wp-image-14251938">
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 AVAX C-chain halted | Source: Avascan
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Amid the stalled chain, AVAX was down over 3% and traded around $36 per CoinMarketCap, but its price decline may be unrelated to C-chain downtime. Other major cap altcoins also traded flat on the day, while crypto’s total market cap experienced a slight slump after rallying to $2.1 trillion in the past few days. 
Inscriptions slowing down blockchains occasionally occurred since the development emerged on Bitcoin’s network last year. Initially, developers used this method to <a href="https://crypto.news/bitcoin-ordinals-creator-steps-down-as-inscriptions-surpass-10m/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">embed</a> data on the smallest Bitcoin unit, a Satoshi or SAT, a nod to Bitcoin’s pseudonymous creator, Satoshi Nakamoto. Since then, inscriptions have spread to altcoin networks like Avalanche, Arbitrum, Solana, and <a href="https://crypto.news/inscriptions-craze-buoys-zksync-over-ethereum-mainnet-in-30-day-transactions/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">zkSync</a>. 
Some core Bitcoin developers <a href="https://crypto.news/bitcoin-developer-deems-inscription-a-technical-exploit/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">oppose</a> the idea, tagging it as a bug and a threat to crypto’s largest blockchain, valued at over $1 trillion. Nevertheless, participants have spent over $225 million in fees deploying more than 60 million inscriptions on-chain, per a <a href="https://dune.com/dataalways/ordinals" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dune Analytics</a> dashboard. 
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 <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="350" src="https://crypto.news/app/uploads/2024/02/Screenshot-270-1024x350.png" alt="Avalanche C-chain clogged for 4+ hours by inscription barrage - 8" class="wp-image-14251935">
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 Inscriptions data | Source: Dune Analytics
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 Read more: <a href="https://crypto.news/u-s-agency-identified-bitcoin-inscriptions-as-cybersecurity-risk/"> US agency identified Bitcoin inscriptions as cybersecurity risk </a>

Avalanche C-chain clogged for 4+ hours by inscription barrage

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