Technical Analysis: LINK, HIVE, DOT, BAT, FLUX and APT (Mar. W5) 

Technical Analysis: LINK, HIVE, DOT, BAT, FLUX and APT (Mar. W1) 

Technical Analysis: LINK, HIVE, DOT, BAT, FLUX and APT (Feb. W4) 

Technical Analysis: LINK, HIVE, DOT, BAT, FLUX and APT (Feb. W3) 

Why Does Solana Have So Many Transactions?

## Τι Είναι το Aptos (APT);

Το Aptos είναι ένα blockchain [επιπέδου 1](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/layer-1-blockchain) και [απόδειξης στοιχήματος](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-stake-pos) (PoS) που χρησιμοποιεί μια νέα γλώσσα προγραμματισμού [έξυπνων συμβολαίων](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/smart-contract) που ονομάζεται Move, μια γλώσσα προγραμματισμού βασισμένη στη Rust που αναπτύχθηκε ανεξάρτητα από τους μηχανικούς blockchain Diem της Meta (πρώην Facebook).

Το όραμα του Aptos blockchain είναι να φέρει ευρύτερη υιοθέτηση του [web3](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-web-3-0) και να ενδυναμώσει ένα οικοσύστημα [DApps](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/decentralized-applications-dapps) για να επιλύσει πραγματικά προβλήματα χρηστών.

Το PoS blockchain μπορεί να επιτύχει θεωρητικά μια [απόδοση](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/throughput) συναλλαγών άνω των 150.000 [συναλλαγών ανά δευτερόλεπτο](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/transactions-per-second) (tps) μέσω παράλληλης εκτέλεσης.

Τον Μάρτιο του 2022, το Aptos συγκέντρωσε 200 εκατομμύρια δολάρια στο γύρο εκκίνησης με επικεφαλής την εταιρεία επιχειρηματικών κεφαλαίων Andreessen Horowitz (a16z). Στο γύρο χρηματοδότησης συμμετείχαν κι άλλες εταιρείες, μεγαθήρια των κρυπτονομισμάτων, όπως η Tiger Global και η Multicoin Capital. Φτάνοντας συνοπτικά στον Ιούλιο, η startup συγκέντρωσε άλλα 150 εκατομμύρια δολάρια σε έναν γύρο Series A με επικεφαλής τις FTX Ventures και Jump Crypto του Sam Bankman-Fried.

Δύο μήνες αργότερα, η Binance Labs πραγματοποίησε μια στρατηγική επένδυση άγνωστου ποσού στο Aptos, ανεβάζοντας την αποτίμησή του στα 4 δισεκατομμύρια δολάρια τον Σεπτέμβριο.

Στις 18 Οκτωβρίου 2022, το Aptos ανακοίνωσε την κυκλοφορία του [κεντρικού δικτύου](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/mainnet), ενώ η εκκίνηση του Aptos έγινε στις 12 Οκτωβρίου 2022.

### Ποιοι Είναι οι Ιδρυτές του Aptos;

Το Aptos είναι το πνευματικό τέκνο των Mo Shaikh και Avery Ching, πρώην υπαλλήλων της Meta. Ο Mo, ο οποίος είναι ο σημερινός Διευθύνων Σύμβουλος της εταιρείας και ιδρυτής, έχει χρόνια εμπειρία σε πολυεθνικές χρηματοοικονομικών υπηρεσιών και σε blockchain και κρυπτονομίσματα. Σύμφωνα με [το προφίλ του στο LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/moalishaikh/details/experience/), ειδικεύεται στην επεκτασιμότητα προϊόντων και έχει εμπειρία στις αγορές ιδιωτικών και επιχειρηματικών κεφαλαίων.

Ο Ching, από την άλλη, είναι ο τεχνικός διευθυντής του Aptos. Είναι μηχανικός λογισμικού και ήταν ένας από τους κύριους μηχανικούς λογισμικού στη Meta.

Το δίδυμο συνεργάστηκε στο έργο blockchain Diem στη Meta. Ο Shaikh και ο Ching αποφάσισαν να ενώσουν τις δυνάμεις τους για να δημιουργήσουν την Aptos Labs όταν το έργο Diem διακόπηκε τον Ιανουάριο του 2022. Επομένως, δεν αποτελεί έκπληξη το γεγονός ότι το Aptos χρησιμοποιεί ορισμένες από τις τεχνικές λεπτομέρειες του Diem.

Άλλα μέλη της ομάδας του Aptos περιλαμβάνουν ερευνητές, σχεδιαστές και μηχανικούς από το Diem.

### Τι Κάνει το Aptos Μοναδικό;

Για αρχή, η ομάδα του Aptos ισχυρίζεται ότι το δίκτυό της μπορεί να διεκπεραιώσει πάνω από 150.000 tps. Συγκριτικά, οι tps του κεντρικού δικτύου του Ethereum είναι περίπου 12 έως 15.

Αυτή η υψηλή απόδοση συναλλαγών καθίσταται δυνατή μέσω μιας μηχανής παράλληλης εκτέλεσης (Block-STM) — ενός [byzantine fault-tolerant](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/byzantine-fault-tolerance-bft) (BFT) [μηχανισμού συναίνεσης](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/consensus-mechanism) PoS. Σε ευρύτερο πλαίσιο, τα περισσότερα blockchain εκτελούν συναλλαγές διαδοχικά, πράγμα που σημαίνει ότι μια μεμονωμένη αποτυχημένη συναλλαγή ή υψηλή ζήτηση στο δίκτυο θα μπορούσε να καθυστερήσει ολόκληρη την αλυσίδα.

Στην περίπτωση του Aptos, όλες οι συναλλαγές υποβάλλονται σε επεξεργασία ταυτόχρονα και επικυρώνονται εκ των υστέρων. Οι αποτυχημένες συναλλαγές είτε εκτελούνται εκ νέου είτε ματαιώνονται, χάρη στις βιβλιοθήκες μνήμης συναλλαγών του λογισμικού του blockchain, οι οποίες εντοπίζουν και διαχειρίζονται διενέξεις.

Το Aptos γράφεται σε Move, μια νέα γλώσσα προγραμματισμού έξυπνων συμβολαίων που ισχυρίζεται ότι προσφέρει πλεονεκτήματα στη [Solidity](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/how-to-learn-solidity-for-beginners), τη γλώσσα προγραμματισμού που βασίζεται στην EVM. Αυτό περιλαμβάνει εντολές blockchain που μπορούν εύκολα να επαληθευτούν, τροποποίηση ιδιωτικού κλειδιού και το δομοστοιχειωτό σχεδιασμό του Aptos.

Νέες περιπτώσεις χρήσης μπορούν να προκύψουν μέσω της δυνατότητας αναβάθμισης και διαμόρφωσης του Aptos, ενώ η επεκτασιμότητα οριζόντιας απόδοσης — μέσω της εγγενούς δυνατότητας [sharding](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/sharding) — παρέχει καλύτερη εμπειρία στον χρήστη.

#### Σχετικές σελίδες:

Μάθε περισσότερα για το [Sui](https://coinmarketcap.com/el/currencies/sui/) — ένα blockchain επιπέδου 1 που βασίζεται στη Move που δημιουργήθηκε επίσης από πρώην μηχανικούς της Diem.

Διάβασε για τη διαφορά μεταξύ [δομοστοιχειωτών και μονολιθικών blockchain](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/modular-vs-monolithic-blockchains-what-s-the-difference).

Θέλεις να παρακολουθείς ζωντανά την τιμή του APT; [Κατέβασε την εφαρμογή CoinMarketCap για κινητά](https://coinmarketcap.com/mobile/)!

Έχεις περιέργεια για τον χώρο των κρυπτονομισμάτων; Διάβασε την εκπαιδευτική μας ενότητα — [Alexandria](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria).

### Πόσο Aptos Βρίσκεται σε Κυκλοφορία;

Το APT είναι το εγγενές νόμισμα του blockchain Aptos. Έχει αρχική συνολική προσφορά 1 δισεκατομμυρίου και, κατά τη στιγμή της σύνταξης, η κυκλοφορία του είναι 130 εκατομμύρια APT.

Η κατανομή έχει ως εξής: Κοινότητα (51,02%)· Βασικοί Συντελεστές (19,00%)· Ίδρυμα (16,50%)· Επενδυτές (13,48%).

Στο πλαίσιο της κοινοτικής κατανομής, περίπου το 80% κατέχεται από το Ίδρυμα Aptos και το υπόλοιπο από την Aptos Labs. Αυτό θα χρησιμοποιηθεί για την υποστήριξη της ανάπτυξης της κοινότητας και των πρωτοβουλιών του Ιδρύματος Aptos, και το υπόλοιπο θα ξεκλειδώνεται μηνιαίως τα επόμενα δέκα χρόνια.

Οι επενδυτές και οι βασικοί συνεισφέροντες υπόκεινται σε τετραετές πρόγραμμα [θεμελίωσης](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-does-vesting-mean-in-crypto) από την έναρξη του κεντρικού δικτύου. Η ομάδα του Aptos ανακοίνωσε ένα token airdrop 20 εκατομμυρίων APT στους αρχικούς χρήστες του δοκιμαστικού δικτύου στις 19 Οκτωβρίου 2022.

Για μια περίληψη των [tokenomics](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/tokenomics) του Aptos, δες [εδώ](https://aptosfoundation.org/currents/aptos-tokenomics-overview).

#### Κυκλοφορία Κεντρικού Δικτύου Aptos

Όπως αναφέρθηκε ήδη, παρά το γεγονός ότι συγκέντρωσε εκατομμύρια δολάρια από επενδυτές, το Aptos δεν λάνσαρε το κεντρικό δίκτυό του μέχρι τον Οκτώβριο του 2022. Πριν από την κυκλοφορία του κεντρικού δικτύου, η καμπάνια δοκιμαστικού δικτύου με όνομα «Aptos Incentivized Testnet (AIT)» έτρεχε από τον Μάιο.

Το δοκιμαστικό δίκτυο χωρίστηκε σε τέσσερα στάδια – [AIT1](https://medium.com/aptoslabs/completing-ait1-ait2-in-hot-pursuit-3f159f4bfb8b), [AIT2](https://medium.com/aptoslabs/aptos-incentivized-testnet-2-highlights-and-updates-ee478eace33c), [AIT3](https://medium.com/aptoslabs/welcome-to-aptos-incentivized-testnet-3-9d7ce888205c) και [AIT4](https://aptoslabs.medium.com/the-journey-from-ait3-to-longevity-testnet-6d888885a7d0). Ο στόχος της εκστρατείας ήταν να προσκαλέσει και να δώσει κίνητρα στους προγραμματιστές, τους χειριστές κόμβων και τους ελεγκτές για να λανσάρουν εφαρμογές και να προσομοιώσουν ακραίες καταστάσεις στο δίκτυο, πριν την έναρξη του κεντρικού δικτύου.

Στις 9 Σεπτεμβρίου 2022, το δίκτυο ολοκλήρωσε την καμπάνια AIT3, ανοίγοντας τον δρόμο για το τελικό δοκιμαστικό δίκτυο. Μέσω της σειράς δοκιμαστικών δικτύων, το Aptos ενσωμάτωσε πάνω από 100 έργα, συμπεριλαμβανομένων των Solrise Finance, PayMagic, Pontem Network και MartianDAO.

Στις 18 Οκτωβρίου 2022, το κεντρικό δίκτυο Aptos κυκλοφόρησε, καθιστώντας το το πρώτο blockchain που ξεκίνησε με τεχνολογία Move. Κατά τη στιγμή της σύνταξης, το κεντρικό δίκτυο χρησιμοποιούσε την πιο πρόσφατη έκδοση του AptosBFT (έκδοση 4), η οποία αξιοποιεί ένα πρωτόκολλο συναίνεσης Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT). Ωστόσο, η εταιρεία εργάζεται ήδη στο AptosBFT (έκδοση 5).

#### Τι είναι η Γέφυρα Aptos;

Το πρωτόκολλο εφαρμογής χρήστη εντός αλυσίδας που ονομάζεται LayerZero Labs [λάνσαρε](https://medium.com/layerzero-official/the-aptos-bridge-by-layerzero-5117030afd4f) την Γέφυρα Aptos στις 19 Οκτωβρίου 2022.

Η γέφυρα blockchain θα επιτρέπει στους χρήστες να μεταφέρουν Ethereum, USDC και USDT από τα Ethereum, BNB Chain, Polygon, Avalanche και Optimism στο Aptos.

### Πώς Διασφαλίζεται το Δίκτυο Aptos;

Το Aptos χρησιμοποιεί δύο πρωτόκολλα συναίνεσης – Απόδειξης Συμμετοχής και AptosBFT.

Το AptosBFT είναι αρκετά παρόμοιο με το DiemBFT, που αναπτύχθηκε αρχικά για το Diem. «BFT» σημαίνει «Byzantine Fault-Tolerant» και ένα δίκτυο λέγεται ότι είναι Byzantine fault-tolerant εάν μπορεί να συνεχίσει να λειτουργεί κανονικά ακόμα κι αν ορισμένα από τα μέλη του βγουν εκτός σύνδεσης ή γίνουν κακόβουλα.

Το AptosBFT είναι ένας προσαρμοσμένος αλγόριθμος συναίνεσης που βασίζεται στο πρωτόκολλο HotStuff. Αν και υπάρχουν πολλές τεχνικές λεπτομέρειες σχετικά με τον τρόπο με τον οποίο το πρωτόκολλο διασφαλίζει το δίκτυο, ο αλγόριθμος αναλύει την κατάσταση εντός της αλυσίδας και ενημερώνει αυτόματα τις εναλλαγές των αρχηγών για να προσαρμοστεί σε περίπτωση μη αποκρινόμενων επικυρωτών χωρίς ανθρώπινη παρέμβαση.

### Πού Μπορώ να Αγοράσω Aptos;

Το token APT μπορεί να αγοραστεί και να διαπραγματευτεί σε διάφορα χρηματιστήρια, συμπεριλαμβανομένων των [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/el/exchanges/binance/), [FTX](https://coinmarketcap.com/el/exchanges/ftx/), [Huobi](https://coinmarketcap.com/el/exchanges/huobi-global/), [KuCoin](https://coinmarketcap.com/el/exchanges/kucoin/), [Coinbase](https://coinmarketcap.com/el/exchanges/coinbase-exchange/) και άλλων.

Aptos

Propbase

BlueMove

Token IN

Doodoo

UPTOS

Arbitrum is an Ethereum layer-two (L2) scaling solution. It uses optimistic rollups to achieve its goal of improving speed, scalability and cost-efficiency on Ethereum. Arbitrum benefits from the security and compatibility of Ethereum. Another benefit is the higher throughput and lower fees compared to Ethereum. That is made possible thanks to moving most of the computation and storage load off-chain.

Arbitrum’s native token is called ARB and is used for governance. Offchain Labs, the developers behind Arbitrum, announced the shift to a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) structure — the Arbitrum DAO. ARB holders can vote on proposals that affect the features, protocol upgrades, funds allocation and election of a Security Council.

Arbitrum has an ambitious roadmap for 2023, which includes: Launching its own layer-three solution called Orbit; Enabling developers to deploy programs written in popular programming languages like Rust, C++, and more using Stylus; Expanding its validator set to include more independent institutional validators; Moving its protocol to layer two with Arbitrum One.

On March 16, 2023,  Arbitrum announced their highly anticipated airdrop of ARB. The token will be airdropped to early users and DAOs building on Arbitrum, with 12.75% of the total supply to be distributed. Recipients were rewarded on a point-based system depending on their interaction with the Arbitrum network until a cutoff date of March 1, 2023. The token generation event is on March 23, 2023.

Arbitrum

Optimism (OP) is a layer-two blockchain on top of Ethereum. Optimism benefits from the security of the Ethereum mainnet and helps scale the Ethereum ecosystem by using optimistic rollups. That means transactions are trustlessly recorded on Optimism but ultimately secured on Ethereum.

Optimism is one of the biggest scaling solutions for Ethereum with over $500 million in TVL. It is home to 97 protocols, the biggest being Synthetix (SNX), a derivatives exchange, Uniswap (UNI), a DEX, and Velodrome (VELO), an AMM. Users can begin their journey on Optimism by adding the chain on their Metamask and bridging tokens like ETH to the L2. On May 31, 2022, Optimism conducted a highly anticipated airdrop of its OP token.

Optimism

Sui is a groundbreaking layer-1 blockchain platform designed to support the needs of global adoption by offering a secure, powerful, and scalable development platform. At its core, Sui leverages a novel object-centric data model and the secure Move programming language to address inefficiencies prevalent in existing blockchain architectures.

On top of strong technical foundations, Sui prioritizes user experience by eliminating barriers commonly associated with blockchain interactions. Through innovations like zkLogin, sponsored transactions, and programmable transaction blocks, Sui creates a higher standard for user experience within Web3 by ensuring applications are accessible and user-friendly.

In a nutshell, Cosmos bills itself as a project that solves some of the “hardest problems” facing the blockchain industry. It aims to offer an antidote to “slow, expensive, unscalable and environmentally harmful” proof-of-work protocols, like those used by Bitcoin, by offering an ecosystem of connected blockchains.

The project’s other goals include making blockchain technology less complex and difficult for developers thanks to a modular framework that demystifies decentralized apps. Last but not least, an Interblockchain Communication protocol makes it easier for blockchain networks to communicate with each other — preventing fragmentation in the industry.

Cosmos’ origins can be dated back to 2014, when Tendermint, a core contributor to the network, was founded. In 2016, a white paper for Cosmos was published — and a token sale was held the following year. ATOM tokens are earned through a hybrid proof-of-stake algorithm, and they help to keep the Cosmos Hub, the project’s flagship blockchain, secure. This cryptocurrency also has a role in the network’s governance.

Cosmos

NEAR Protocol is a layer-one blockchain that was designed as a community-run cloud computing platform and that eliminates some of the limitations that have been bogging competing blockchains, such as low transaction speeds, low throughput and poor interoperability. This provides the ideal environment for DApps and creates a developer and user-friendly platform. For instance, NEAR uses human-readable account names, unlike the cryptographic wallet addresses common to Ethereum. NEAR also introduces unique solutions to scaling problems and has its own consensus mechanism called “Doomslug.”

NEAR Protocol is being built by the NEAR Collective, its community that is updating the initial code and releasing updates to the ecosystem. Its declared goal is to build a platform that is “secure enough to manage high value assets like money or identity and performant enough to make them useful for everyday people.”

Flux, a protocol that allows developers to create markets based on assets, commodities, real-world events, and Mintbase, an NFT minting platform are examples of projects being built on NEAR Protocol.

NEAR Protocol

Avalanche is a layer one blockchain that functions as a platform for decentralized applications and custom blockchain networks. It is one of Ethereum’s rivals, aiming to unseat Ethereum as the most popular blockchain for smart contracts. It aims to do so by having a higher transaction output of up to 6,500 transactions per second while not compromising scalability.

This is made possible by Avalanche’s unique architecture. The Avalanche network consists of three individual blockchains: the X-Chain, C-Chain and P-Chain. Each chain has a distinct purpose, which is radically different from the approach Bitcoin and Ethereum use, namely having all nodes validate all transactions. Avalanche blockchains even use different consensus mechanisms based on their use cases.

After its mainnet launch in 2020, Avalanche has worked on developing its own ecosystem of DApps and DeFi. Different Ethereum-based projects such as SushiSwap and TrueUSD have integrated with Avalanche. Furthermore, the platform is constantly working on improving interoperability between its own ecosystem and Ethereum, like through the development of bridges.

Avalanche

Celestia

Injective is a blockchain built for finance. It is an open, interoperable layer-one blockchain powering next-generation DeFi applications, including decentralized spot and derivatives exchanges, prediction markets, lending protocols and more.

Injective uniquely provides powerful core financial infrastructure primitives that applications can leverage, including a fully decentralized MEV-resistant on-chain orderbook. In addition, all forms of financial markets such as spot, perpetual, futures and options are fully on-chain. The decentralized cross-chain bridging infrastructure is compatible with Ethereum, IBC-enabled blockchains, and non EVM chains such as Solana.

Injective also provides a next-generation, highly interoperable smart contract platform based on CosmWasm, with advanced interchain capabilities. Injective is custom built with the Cosmos SDK and utilizes Tendermint-based Proof-of-Stake consensus mechanism, providing instant transaction finality with the ability to sustain lightning-fast performance (10,000+ TPS).

The Injective ecosystem includes 100+ projects and over 150,000 community members globally. Injective is backed by a group of prominent investors such as Binance, Pantera Capital, Jump Crypto and Mark Cuban.

Injective’s core exchange module provides state-of-the-art capabilities including an advanced on-chain order book and matching engine for spot, perpetual, futures and options markets, resistance to Miner-Extractable Value (MEV) through frequent batch auction order matching, and zero gas fees for users.

Injective natively uses IBC and is highly-interoperable with multiple layer 1s, including, but not limited to, Polygon and Solana (through an upcoming Wormhole integration). It is also uniquely built to be interoperable with Ethereum, through its own decentralized ERC-20 token bridge, making Injective the first network within the Cosmos ecosystem to natively support Ethereum assets.

Smart contracts are implemented on Injective through CosmWasm, allowing for multi-chain smart contract transactions to occur seamlessly. Injective, however, is the only blockchain that enables automatic smart contract execution. This capability serves as a powerful building block for developers to create novel use cases that would not be possible on any other chain.

The use cases intended for INJ include but are not limited to: protocol governance, dApp value capture, Proof-of-Stake (PoS) security, developer incentives and staking. Further details regarding each of these use cases can be found below:

Protocol Governance: The INJ token governs every single component of Injective, including chain upgrades. Since its mainnet launch, the Injective community has actively contributed to governance, with all proposals passing through a DAO governance vote. The comprehensive governance page is available here.

Protocol Fee Value Capture: 60% of all fees generated from dApps enter an on-chain buy-back-and-burn auction to maintain the deflationary nature of INJ. The burn auction page is available here.

Tendermint-based Proof-of-Stake (PoS) Security: INJ is used to secure the Injective blockchain using a proof-of-stake mechanism. Validators and delegators can both participate in staking.

Developer Incentives: 40% of fees generated by users on dApps built on Injective go directly towards incentivizing new developers building on Injective which brings an ever growing funnel of builders to Injective.

Injective

Immutable positions itself as the first layer-two scaling solution for NFTs on Ethereum. According to Immutable, its blockchain does away with Ethereum’s limitations like low scalability, a poor user experience, illiquidity, and a slow developer experience. Instead, users benefit from instant trading and massive scalability while enjoying zero gas fees for minting and trading NFTs without compromising user or asset security.

Thanks to this technology, users will be able to create and distribute assets like ERC-20 and ERC-721 tokens on a massive scale. Chris Clay, the game Director of Gods Unchained, a project already building on Immutable, stated that Immutable allows Gods Unchained to implement a new meta-system that was previously impossible. In this fashion, Immutable aims to create a world-class experience for users and developers alike.

Immutable

Polygon (previously Matic Network) is the first well-structured, easy-to-use platform for Ethereum scaling and infrastructure development. Its core component is Polygon SDK, a modular, flexible framework that supports building multiple types of applications.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Polygon Matic.

Using Polygon, one can create optimistic rollup chains, ZK rollup chains, stand alone chains or any other kind of infra required by the developer.

Polygon effectively transforms Ethereum into a full-fledged multi-chain system (aka Internet of Blockchains). This multi-chain system is akin to other ones such as Polkadot, Cosmos, Avalanche etc. with the advantages of Ethereum’s security, vibrant ecosystem and openness.

The $MATIC token will continue to exist and will play an increasingly important role, securing the system and enabling governance.

Polygon (formerly Matic Network) is a Layer 2 scaling solution backed by Binance and Coinbase. The project seeks to stimulate mass adoption of cryptocurrencies by resolving the problems of scalability on many blockchains.

Polygon combines the Plasma Framework and the proof-of-stake blockchain architecture. The Plasma framework used by Polygon as proposed by the co-founder of Ethereum, Vitalik Buterin, allows for the easy execution of scalable and autonomous smart contracts.

Nothing will change for the existing ecosystem built on the Plasma-POS chain. With Polygon, new features are being built around the existing proven technology to expand the ability to cater to diverse needs from the developer ecosystem. Polygon will continue to develop the core technology so that it can scale to a larger ecosystem.

Polygon boasts of up to 65,000 transactions per second on a single side chain, along with a respectable block confirmation time of less than two seconds. The framework also allows for the creation of globally available decentralized financial applications on a single foundational blockchain.

The Plasma framework gives Polygon the potential of housing an unlimited number of decentralized applications on their infrastructure without experiencing the normal drawbacks common on proof-of-work blockchains. So far, Polygon has attracted more than 50 DApps to its PoS-secured Ethereum sidechain.

MATIC, the native tokens of Polygon, is an ERC-20 token running on the Ethereum blockchain. The tokens are used for payment services on Polygon and as a settlement currency between users who operate within the Polygon ecosystem. The transaction fees on Polygon sidechains are also paid in MATIC tokens.

Polygon

RenderToken (RNDR) is a distributed GPU rendering network built on top of the Ethereum blockchain, aiming to connect artists and studios in need of GPU compute power with mining partners willing to rent their GPU capabilities out. Conceived in 2009 by OTOY, inc. CEO Jules Urbach and launched in 2017, RNDR held its first public token sale in October of that same year, followed by a private sale period lasting from January 2018 – May 2018, wherein a total of 117,843,239 RNDR were sold at a price of 1 RNDR = $0.25 USD equivalent of token.
During the private sale period, early adopters were onboarded onto the RNDR Beta Testnet, where beta node operators and artists worked collaboratively with the RNDR team in building and testing the network, up until its public launch on April 27th 2020.

Render

Founded in 2017, Chainlink is a blockchain abstraction layer that enables universally connected smart contracts. Through a decentralized oracle network, Chainlink allows blockchains to securely interact with external data feeds, events and payment methods, providing the critical off-chain information needed by complex smart contracts to become the dominant form of digital agreement.

The Chainlink Network is driven by a large open-source community of data providers, node operators, smart contract developers, researchers, security auditors and more. The company focuses on ensuring that decentralized participation is guaranteed for all node operators and users looking to contribute to the network.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Chainlink.

Chainlink

Filecoin is a decentralized storage system that aims to “store humanity’s most important information.” The project raised $205 million in an initial coin offering (ICO) in 2017, and initially planned a launch date for mid-2019. However, the launch date for the Filecoin mainnet was pushed back until block 148,888, which is expected in mid-October 2020.

The project was first described back in 2014 as an incentive layer for the Interplanetary File System (IPFS), a peer-to-peer storage network where users pay for data storage and distribution services in $FIL. Filecoin is open protocol and backed by a blockchain that records commitments made by the network’s participants, with transactions made using FIL, the blockchain’s native currency. The blockchain is based on both proof-of-replication and proof-of-spacetime.

Filecoin is open-source and decentralized, which means that all governance is in the hands of the community. On the Filecoin platform, developers have the opportunity to create cloud file storage services like Dropbox or iCloud. Anyone can join Filecoin and start storing their data or earn money by providing space for someone else's funds. The creators of Filecoin opted for their blockchain technology to run the network and their token with their own consensus.

$FIL is the native currency of Filecoin that powers the entire network and all processes. Clients pay for transactions in FIL tokens. Miners place FIL as collateral, guaranteeing their services.

The developers claim that Filecoin solves the problem of inefficient file storage and retrieval. Customers can find the right solution with an efficient set of tools and its core development, IPFS.

Filecoin

Polkadot is an open-source sharded multichain protocol that connects and secures a network of specialized blockchains, facilitating cross-chain transfer of any data or asset types, not just tokens, thereby allowing blockchains to be interoperable with each other. Polkadot was designed to provide a foundation for a decentralized internet of blockchains, also known as Web3.

Polkadot is known as a layer-0 metaprotocol because it underlies and describes a format for a network of layer 1 blockchains known as parachains (parallel chains). As a metaprotocol, Polkadot is also capable of autonomously and forklessly updating its own codebase via on-chain governance according to the will of its token holder community.

Polkadot provides a foundation to support a decentralized web, controlled by its users, and to simplify the creation of new applications, institutions and services.

The Polkadot protocol can connect public and private chains, permissionless networks, oracles and future technologies, allowing these independent blockchains to trustlessly share information and transactions through the Polkadot Relay Chain (explained further down).

Polkadot’s native DOT token serves three clear purposes: staking for operations and security, facilitating network governance, and bonding tokens to  connect parachains .

Polkadot has four core components:

Relay Chain: Polkadot’s “heart,” helping to create consensus, interoperability and shared security across the network of different chains;

Parachains: independent chains that can have their own tokens and be optimized for specific use cases;

Parathreads: similar to parachains but with flexible connectivity based on an economical pay-as-you-go model;

Bridges: allow parachains and parathreads to connect and communicate with external blockchains like Ethereum.

Polkadot

Mina Protocol is a minimal “succinct blockchain” built to curtail computational requirements in order to run DApps more efficiently. Mina has been described as the world’s lightest blockchain since its size is designed to remain constant despite growth in usage. Furthermore, it remains balanced in terms of security and decentralization. The project was rebranded from Coda Protocol to Mina in October 2020.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Mina Protocol.

The Mina network has a size of only 22 KB, which is miniscule when compared to Bitcoin’s 300 GB blockchain.

Mina

Solana is a highly functional open source project that banks on blockchain technology’s permissionless nature to provide decentralized finance (DeFi) solutions. While the idea and initial work on the project began in 2017, Solana was officially launched in March 2020 by the Solana Foundation with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Solana.

The Solana protocol is designed to facilitate decentralized app (DApp) creation. It aims to improve scalability by introducing a proof-of-history (PoH) consensus combined with the underlying proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus of the blockchain.

Because of the innovative hybrid consensus model, Solana enjoys interest from small-time traders and institutional traders alike. A significant focus for the Solana Foundation is to make decentralized finance accessible on a larger scale.

Solana

The Internet Computer blockchain incorporates a radical rethink of blockchain design, powered by innovations in cryptography. It provides the first “World Computer” blockchain that can be used to build almost any online system or service, including demanding web social media, without need for traditional IT such as cloud computing services. As such it can enable full end-to-end decentralization.

Internet Computer

Founded in 2017 and launched via IEO on Binance in March 2019, Fetch.AI is an artificial intelligence (AI) lab building an open, permissionless, decentralized machine learning network with a crypto economy. Fetch.ai democratizes access to AI technology with a permissionless network upon which anyone can connect and access secure datasets by using autonomous AI to execute tasks that leverage its global network of data. The Fetch.AI model is rooted in  use cases like optimizing DeFi trading services, transportation networks (parking, micromobility), smart energy grids, travel — essentially any complex digital system that relies on large-scale datasets.

Fetch.ai

Toncoin (TON) is the native cryptocurrency of the decentralized layer-1 blockchain, The Open Network (TON). The TON blockchain is open-sourced and supported by many network contributors, including the Switzerland-based non-profit organization, the TON Foundation.

Since 2017, the team at Telegram has been developing the codebase for the network, then-named Telegram Open Network (TON) and native cryptocurrency 'Gram.' However, in May 2020, Telegram founder and CEO Pavel Durov announced the end of Telegram's involvement with the TON Blockchain, following a court order by the SEC. The Gram token was not issued.

Since 2020, the technology has been developed by a non-commercial group of supporters and an independent community of enthusiasts, the TON Foundation. The blockchain was renamed from "Telegram Open Network" to "The Open Network" and Toncoin is the native cryptocurrency of the TON network. The whitepaper contains part of the original codebase written by Dr. Nikolai Durov, co-founder of Telegram and brother of Pavel Durov.

The original idea was to integrate TON into an easy-to-use application that allows users to buy/send/store funds. Clients pay transaction fees and use TON to settle payments or validate transactions. Toncoin utilizes the proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus model for network scalability and reliability. According to the project website, the platform provides fast, transparent and secure payment services, facilitating transactions with minimal fees and third-party applications.

The developers’ mission is to build a full-fledged ecosystem with decentralized storage, decentralized services, a domain name system (DNS equivalent), an anonymous network, an instant payment platform, and affordable/fast transaction processing.