Ethereum

Tezos

Arthur

James

The Dencun upgrade was successfully rolled out on the Ethereum mainnet at 1:55 pm UTC on March 13.
Dencun is the most anticipated hard fork since the Merge and is expected to significantly reduce the transaction fees of layer-2 networks and enhance Ethereum’s overall scalability.
While the Dencun upgrade is a step in the right direction, it won’t improve all the shortcomings of layer-2 solutions, according to Arthur Breitman, the co-founder of the Tezos blockchain. He told Cointelegraph:
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 “The Dencun upgrade does the bare minimum to extend the data usable by rollups on Ethereum, which should lower transaction costs in these L2 solutions. This is a step in the right direction, but ultimately, rollups built on top of Ethereum remain very throughput constrained and are forced to adopt extreme centralization measures.”
</blockquote>
Dencun’s launch comes nearly a year after the Shanghai upgrade in April 2023, which enabled network participants to unstake their Ether (<a href="https://cointelegraph.com/ethereum-price">ETH</a>) for the first time after the network transition to a proof-of-stake network following the Merge.
The Dencun hard fork <a href="https://blog.ethereum.org/2024/01/10/goerli-dencun-announcement" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">incorporates</a> nine different Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs). The upgrade’s name combines the Cancun upgrade of Ethereum’s execution layer and the Deneb upgrade on its consensus layer. The first part, Cancun, focuses on improving how transactions are managed and processed on the execution layer, while the second part, Deneb, aims to improve the consensus layer, which refers to how network participants agree on the state of the blockchain.
The introduction of data blobs via EIP-4844, also known as proto-danksharding, is among the most notable features of the upgrade, according to James Wo, the CEO and founder of Digital Finance Group. He told Cointelegraph:
<blockquote data-ct-non-breakable="true">
 “[Proto-danksharding] aims to reduce layer-2 transaction fees by enhancing data availability, a crucial move toward establishing Ethereum as a scalable settlement layer.”
</blockquote>
However, the promised fee reductions won’t affect Ethereum mainnet users,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fidelitydigitalassets.com/research-and-insights/deneb-cancun-upgrade" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">according</a> to a March 6 report by Max Wadington, a research analyst at Fidelity Investments. He wrote:
<blockquote data-ct-non-breakable="true">
 “In the short term, users who wish to benefit from this fee change must sacrifice some decentralization and security by transacting on L2s instead of Ethereum. This will certainly spur more users to bridge assets elsewhere. However, we strongly believe that transacting on Ethereum for application-specific purposes will still be considered the best option (especially for high-value transactions) in the medium term as L2 platforms continue to mature.”
</blockquote>
Gas fees on the Ethereum mainnet remain high, above 72 gwei. An average swap would cost users $86.15 in gas fees, while nonfungible token sales average $145.60 in gas, <a href="https://etherscan.io/gastracker" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">according</a> to Etherscan data.
<figure data-ct-non-breakable="true">
 <img src="https://s3.cointelegraph.com/uploads/2024-03/36a01757-2441-4bbd-aadc-6ee603fce1f5.png" alt="" title="">
 <figcaption style="text-align: center;">
 Ethereum average gas fee. Source: Ycharts.
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Related: <a href="https://cointelegraph.com/news/coinshares-acquires-valkyrie-etf-business">CoinShares acquires Valkyrie's ETF business</a>

Dencun upgrade goes live on Ethereum mainnet

Cointelegraph

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