Decred

A Deep Dive Into How the Top 10 DAOs Work

## Что такое Decred (DCR)?

Decred (DCR) - это криптовалюта на базе блокчейна, запущенная в феврале 2016 года. Токен и протокол Decred были созданы для облегчения открытого управления, взаимодействия с сообществом и политики устойчивого финансирования.

Согласно [официальной белой книге](https://docs.decred.org/), Decred была создан таким образом, чтобы сообщество одобряло все транзакции и изменения, внесенные в протокол. Таким образом, крупные держатели Decred не смогут манипулировать работой протокола. Decred формировалась под сильным влиянием [Bitcoin](https://coinmarketcap.com/ru/currencies/bitcoin/), и в ней использованы многие из основных принципов оригинальной криптовалюты.

### Кто создал Decred?

Основной движущей силой создания Decred является компания под названием Company 0. Ее миссия - использовать возможности [блокчейн технологии](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/blockchain) для улучшения защиты личных данных и обеспечения организационной свободы для проектов.

[Джейк Йоком-Пиатт](https://twitter.com/behindtext?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor) (Jake Yocom-Piatt) - основатель и CEO Company 0. В настоящее время он является руководителем проекта Decred. Его профессиональный опыт в сфере криптовалют и блокчейн технологий насчитывает более десяти лет. Код, написанный Джейком Йоком-Пиаттом, использовался в создании нескольких проектов, связанных с Bitcoin, включая создание [Lightning Network](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/lightning-network) Daemon.

[Марко Пирбум](https://www.linkedin.com/in/marco-peereboom-9a32b6137/) (Marco Peereboom) является техническим директором Company 0. Он является непосредственным руководителем нескольких команд проекта Decred, в числе которых команды разработки, безопасности и инфраструктуры. Профессиональный опыт Марко Пирбума включает должности в таких компаниях, как Dell, где он был старшим архитектором ПО. Он работает в Company 0 более пяти лет, и его участие в проекте Decred имеет важное значение для успешного запуска криптовалюты.

### Что особенного в Decred?

Decred - инновационный проект, потому что он делает ставку на децентрализованный характер блокчейн технологий, чтобы предотвратить монополию на статус голосования внутри самого проекта. Одной из основных целей протокола Decred является обеспечение того, чтобы все держатели DCR имели одинаковые полномочия по принятию решений и чтобы крупные организации не могли манипулировать голосами в свою пользу.

Путем введения голосования по принципу держателей билетов, Decred гарантирует, что люди, у которых достаточно DCR, будут иметь возможность участвовать в голосовании относительно будущего компании/токена и операций. Decred также создала специальную платформу для голосования под названием Politeia, которая позволяет пользователям участвовать в голосовании, вносить предложения и инициировать обсуждения.

Не только для этого, но и для обеспечения этих прав голоса Decred использует гибридный механизм консенсуса, который сочетает в себе модели proof-of-work ([PoW](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-work-pow)) и proof-of-stake ([PoS](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-stake-pos)).

#### Связанные страницы:

Узнайте больше о [XRP](https://coinmarketcap.com/ru/currencies/xrp/).

Ознакомьтесь с [Curve DAO Token](https://coinmarketcap.com/ru/currencies/curve-dao-token/).

Узнайте больше о [децентрализованных сетях](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/how-decentralized-are-decentralized-networks).

Подробнее читайте в [блоге CoinMarketCap](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/blog).

### Сколько монет Decred (DCR) находится в обращении?

Decred планирует выпустить в общей сложности 21000000 токенов. В настоящее время в обращение поступило около 60% этих токенов.

Из 21 миллиона токенов 8% были добыты путем майнинга до запуска протокола. Половина этих предварительно добытых монет пошла на первичную раздачу, а другая половина была распределена на покрытия затрат Company 0 за время разработки протокола.

Первичная раздача была предназначена для поощрения заинтересованных сторон путем предоставления им бесплатных токенов Decred (DCR). Токены были распределены между участниками, предварительно зарегистрировавшимися для участия в акции раздачи.

### Как обеспечивается безопасность сети Decred?

Decred использует гибридный механизм консенсуса PoW/PoS, который сочетает в себе функции двух самых популярных моделей консенсуса. Криптовалюта использует proof-of-work ([PoW](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-work-pow)) для майнинга новых блоков в блокчейне; однако майнеры получают только 60% вознаграждения после успешной операции майнинга.

Механизм консенсуса proof-of-stake ([PoS](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-stake-pos)) используется в организации голосований и позволяет пользователям участвовать в голосованиях по принципу держателей билетов. Участники голосования, использующие консенсус PoS, получают 30% вознаграждения за блок.

Остальные 10% вознаграждения за блок хранятся в [денежном фонде Decred (Decred Treasury)](https://dcrdata.decred.org/address/Dcur2mcGjmENx4DhNqDctW5wJCVyT3Qeqkx). Decred проводит частые обсуждения и голосования на платформе Politeia о том, на что следует потратить средства из Decred Treasury.

### Где можно купить Decred (DCR)?

В числе хороших вариантов для торговли Decred - криптовалютные биржи [Huobi Global](https://coinmarketcap.com/ru/exchanges/huobi-global/), [YoBit](https://coinmarketcap.com/ru/exchanges/yobit/), [BitAsset](https://coinmarketcap.com/ru/exchanges/bitasset/) и [OKEx](https://coinmarketcap.com/ru/exchanges/okex/). Важно отметить, что торговля криптовалютой сопряжена с рисками, как и любые другие инвестиции.

Подробнее о том, как купить криптовалюту, [читайте здесь](https://coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/).

Вот еще несколько статей, которые могут вас заинтересовать:

* [Что такое Crypto Faucet?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-a-crypto-faucet)
* [Что такое криптовалютные дебетовые карты?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-are-crypto-debit-cards)
* [Что такое Web 3.0?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-web-3-0)
* [Что такое доходное фермерство?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-yield-farming)
* [Что такое криптовалютное кредитование?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-crypto-lending)

Ledger

Trezor

Trust Wallet

Math Wallet

Exodus

Atomic wallet

ZEN is the governance and utility token for Horizen, a zero-knowledge-enabled network of blockchains powered by the largest node infrastructure in the industry. Blockchain interoperability is enabled by the Zendoo protocol, which uses SNARK-verification and allows for complete flexibility in sidechain type, consensus, and speed. Cryptographic verification of networked chains offers massive scale, and the network currently supports up to 10,000 sidechains with a throughput limit of 10,000,000 TPS.

Zendoo makes Horizen a permissionless network of blockchains. Developers can deploy their blockchains within the ecosystem using a variety of SDKs. In 2023, the ecosystem team launched Horizen EON, a public proof-of-stake sidechain and an EVM-compatible smart contracting platform that allows developers to efficiently build and deploy dapps on the Horizen ecosystem, while benefiting from the Ethereum ecosystem. Since going live with Horizen EON, DeFi projects including SpookySwap, Ascent Exchange, and Yuzu have successfully integrated into the Horizen ecosystem. Get started on Horizen EON today!

Horizen's native cryptocurrency, ZEN, is a mineable PoW coin currently trading on major exchanges, including Coinbase and Binance. ZEN can be staked to participate in Horizen's nearly 50,000 full node network.

While ZEN was previously a privacy token, following ZenIP 42204 in June of 2023, the network removed its existing privacy features in favor of moving towards a vision of adaptability and responsible, scalable growth.

Horizen

Qtum (pronounced ‘“quantum”)  is a proof-of-stake (PoS) smart contract open-source blockchain platform and value transfer protocol. It aims to bring together the strengths of Bitcoinand Ethereumin one chain. Qtum is built on Bitcoin's UTXO transaction model, with the added functionality of smart contract execution and DApps. Recently, the platform added support for DeFi applications. As of March 2021, there are more than 20 tokens created on the Qtum blockchain.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Qtum.

The project was announced in March 2016 and held an ICO a year after, in March 2017, which brought its founders $15 million USD. The Qtum main chain was released on Sept.13, 2017. Initially, the Qtum coin was issued as a ETH-20 token, but with the launch of the mainnet, it was converted to native blockchain.

Qtum

NEM is a blockchain platform that was launched in March of 2015. It was one of the pioneers of the cryptocurrency industry, and sought to improve on the imperfections found on other chains at the time. It was one of the first non-turing complete chains to feature user-defined tokens (called mosaics), namespaces, multisignature accounts, and a P2P reputation system based on EigenTrust++. Its most notable contribution to the space is the proof-of-importance consensus mechanism, which sought to reward on-chain activity and deter the concentration of wealth commonly associated with proof-of-stake. Its client, NIS, is written in Java.

NEM has a global community. It sees the most utility as an alternative form of payment for businesses and vendors, and has a variety of social media apps built on top of it in Japan, such as nemgraph, a community-driven owned and operated alternative to Instagram.

In December 2021, NEM was hard forked by a pseudonymous team of cryptocurrency experts and enthusiasts alike. Titled Harlock, this hard fork signaled the community’s intent to take NEM from a shadow of its former self into the world’s leading payments platform for on-chain and off-chain media content.

Dash is an open-source blockchain and cryptocurrency focused on offering a fast, cheap global payments network that is decentralized in nature. According to the project's white paper, Dash seeks to improve upon Bitcoin (BTC) by providing stronger privacy and faster transactions.

Dash, whose name comes from "digital cash," was launched in January 2014 as a fork of Litecoin (LTC). Since going live, Dash has grown to include features such as a two-tier network with incentivized nodes, including "masternodes," and decentralized project governance; InstantSend, which allows for instantly settled payments; ChainLocks, which makes the Dash blockchain instantly immutable; and PrivateSend, which offers additional optional privacy for transactions.

Dash

Zcash is a decentralized cryptocurrency focused on privacy and anonymity. It uses the zk-SNARK zero-knowledge proof technology that allows nodes on the network to verify transactions without revealing any sensitive information about those transactions.

Contrary to a common misunderstanding, the majority of cryptocurrencies on the market, including Bitcoin (BTC), are not anonymous, but rather pseudonymous; while they do not explicitly reveal the identities of their users, each user has their own public address or addresses which can be traced back to them via the methods of data science and blockchain forensics.

Zcash transactions, on the other hand, still have to be relayed via a public blockchain, but unlike pseudonymous cryptocurrencies, ZEC transactions by default do not reveal the sending and receiving addresses or the amount being sent. There is an option, however, to reveal this data for the purposes of auditing or regulatory compliance.

Zcash was first released on October 28, 2016, and it was originally based on Bitcoin’s codebase.

Zcash

Waves is a multi-purpose blockchain platform which supports various use cases including decentralized applications (DApps) and smart contracts.

Launched in June 2016 following one of the cryptocurrency industry’s earliest initial coin offerings (ICO), Waves initially set out to improve on the first blockchain platforms by increasing speed, utility and user-friendliness.

The platform has undergone various changes and added new spin-off features to build on its original design.

Waves’ native token is WAVES, an uncapped supply token used for standard payments such as block rewards.

Waves

Apps use ICON to operate cross-chain seamlessly, build momentum and gain reputation. ICON's Cross-Chain Framework simplifies cross-chain development with its easy-to-use xCall messaging standard and connections to secure bridging protocols.

ICON

Compound is a DeFi lending protocol that allows users to earn interest on their cryptocurrencies by depositing them into one of several pools supported by the platform.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Compound.

When a user deposits tokens to a Compound pool, they receive cTokens in return. These cTokens represent the individual’s stake in the pool and can be used to redeem the underlying cryptocurrency initially deposited into the pool at any time. For example, by depositing ETH into a pool, you will receive cETH in return. Over time, the exchange rate of these cTokens to the underlying asset increases, which means you can redeem them for more of the underlying asset than you initially put in — this is how the interest is distributed.

On the flip side, borrowers can take a secured loan from any Compound pool by depositing collateral. The maximum loan-to-value (LTV) ratio varies based on the collateral asset, but currently ranges from 50 to 75%. The interest rate paid varies by borrowed asset and borrowers can face automatic liquidation if their collateral falls below a specific maintenance threshold.

Since the launch of the Compound mainnet in September 2018, the platform has skyrocketed in popularity, and recently passed more than $800 million in total locked value.

Compound

Gnosis (GNO) builds decentralized infrastructure on Ethereum. Its mission has always been centered on experimentation and building decentralized infrastructure for the Ethereum ecosystem. When Gnosis was founded in 2015, it focused on building prediction markets to enable worldwide access to accurate information. While creating the prediction market platform, it became clear that Gnosis needed to build the infrastructure required to support it. Gnosis Safe, for example, was born of necessity.

Gnosis operates as a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) which provides infrastructure for various types of decentralized applications (dApps), and builds products to transparently guide decisions on the development, support and governance of its ecosystem.

In November 2021, both the xDAI and GnosisDAO community voted to combine their vibrant ecosystems to create the Gnosis Chain: An Ethereum forerunner-companion that addresses scaling issues through solid engineering.

Gnosis

Developed by leading Korean IT company Kakao, Klaytn is a global Layer 1 public blockchain designed to power tomorrow’s on-chain world. With the lowest transaction latency amongst leading blockchains, enterprise-grade reliability, and a developer-friendly environment, Klaytn provides a seamless experience for users and developers that is second to none. Since its launch in June 2019, Klaytn has been accelerating blockchain mass adoption through a broad array of use cases from DeFi to real-world assets, entertainment and gaming, and even the Bank of Korea’s CBDC pilot project. Today, it is one of the only globally competitive Web 3.0 ecosystems developed in South Korea, generating more than 1 billion transactions from over 300 decentralized applications.

Klaytn

Yearn.finance is an aggregator service for decentralized finance (DeFi) investors, using automation to allow them to maximize profits from yield farming.

Its goal is to simplify the ever-expanding DeFi space for investors who are not technically minded or who wish to interact in a less committal manner than serious traders.

Launched in February 2020, the service, formerly known as iEarn, has seen huge growth in recent months as new products debuted and developers released in-house token YFI.

yearn.finance

0x is an infrastructure protocol that allows users to easily trade ERC20 tokens and other assets on the many different blockchains (including Ethereum) without relying on centralized intermediaries. It is a protocol for decentralized exchange.

0x achieves this decentralized exchange functionality using a collection of open-source, publicly auditable smart contracts that work together to produce a flexible, low-friction trading protocol that developers can easily weave into their products.

The protocol is used by companies building web3 apps such as wallets, DEXes, portfolio trackes, and others. It is a used by hundreds of developers for their projects. The protocol has facilitates over $200B in trading volume since its inception. One can track its usage in its dedicated https://explorer.0x.org/.

The protocol is powered by an ERC20 governance token known as ZRX. ZRX holders can participate in protocol governance, having direct power over protocol changes and its community treasury.

0x Protocol

Bitcoin Gold was founded in 2017 to become a user-friendly alternative to Bitcoin. The BTG network aims to combine the security and sturdiness of the Bitcoin blockchain and its characteristics with the opportunity for experimentation and development.

BTG enhances and extends the crypto space with a blockchain closely compatible with Bitcoin but without using resources like Bitcoin hash power or vying for the "real Bitcoin" title. The company aims to present a coin with the implementation capabilities of Bitcoin, however, expanding on the opportunities for DeFi and DApp developers to use the coin.

Bitcoin Gold

Lisk is striving to on-board 100,000,000 users into crypto and web3 by offering an accessible blockchain application platform and an industry leading JavaScript SDK.

Released in 2019, the Lisk SDK enables developers to build application-specific blockchains entirely in JavaScript, the most widely used programming language in the world. To get a deep-dive into the Lisk SDK, please visit the Lisk SDK documentation or watch Lisk.js 2019 and Lisk.js 2022.

To be released in 2022, the Lisk blockchain application platform allows interoperability between all application-specific blockchains built with the Lisk SDK. With other words, users will be able to use DeFi, NFT or Metaverse blockchain applications on Lisk.

To better understand why Lisk is important watch the following videos: The Case for Lisk and The Ultimate Vision for Lisk.

If you are curious about Lisk’s history and journey, watch Looking Back on Lisk.

The Lisk project is managed by the Lisk Foundation, a non-profit entity based in Zug, Switzerland. A local team of experts specialized in law and finance, as well as yearly audits, ensure the proper handling of funds and regulatory compliance under the supervision of the Swiss Federal Foundation Supervisory Authority (ESA, Eidgenössische Stiftungsaufsicht).

The Lisk products are developed by the Lightcurve GmbH, a Berlin based blockchain studio. With a team of over 40 blockchain experts, Lightcurve is researching, developing and promoting the Lisk SDK and the Lisk blockchain application platform.

Lisk

Celo is a carbon-negative, permissionless, blockchain with a rich ecosystem of global partners building innovative Web3 dapps to support a more inclusive financial system. Accessible to anyone with a mobile phone, the Celo ecosystem consists of a decentralized, proof-of-stake blockchain technology stack (the Celo platform), CELO governance asset, and several Mento stable assets (cUSD, cEUR, cREAL) that allow for real-world users to use digital assets. The open source Celo mainnet launched on Earth Day 2020.  The Celo community passed an indicative on-chain governance proposal (temperature check) to have Celo migrate to an Ethereum layer-2.  Google Cloud, Deutsche Telekom, Telefonica, and many others run validators on the Celo Platform.  Today, the Platform supports 1,000+ projects in over 150 countries are building on Celo to, helping to create the conditions of prosperity for all.  For more information, please visit Celo.org.

Celo

Bancor is an ecosystem of decentralized, open-source protocols that promote on-chain trading and liquidity.

Its main protocol, Carbon, is a decentralized trading protocol allowing users to perform automated trading strategies using custom on-chain limit orders and range orders, with the option of combining orders together to create automated buy low, sell high strategies.

By design, Carbon orders are irreversible on execution, easily adjustable directly on-chain, and resistant to MEV sandwich attacks. These capabilities give users an unprecedented level of control and automation to perform novel trading strategies on-chain.

Fast Lane, a separate open-source arbitrage protocol, allows any user to perform arbitrage between Bancor ecosystem protocols and external on-chain exchanges and redirect arbitrage profits back to the Bancor ecosystem.

All Bancor ecosystem protocols are governed by the BancorDAO via staked BNT.

Bancor

Aragon

UMA was founded in 2018 by Allison Lu and Hart Lambur, two ex Goldman Sachs traders, with the goal of making global markets universally fair, accessible, secure and decentralized.

The team drew inspiration from traditional finance derivatives to define an open-source protocol to allow anyone, anywhere, to design and build trustless financial contracts.

Basic Attention Token, or BAT, is the token that powers a new blockchain-based digital advertising platform designed to fairly reward users for their attention, while providing advertisers with a better return on their ad spend.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Basic Attention Token.

This experience is delivered through the Brave Browser, where users can watch privacy-preserving adverts and receive BAT rewards for doing so. On the other hand, advertisers can deliver targeted ads to maximize engagement and cut down losses due to ad fraud and abuse.

The Basic Attention Token itself is the unit of reward in this advertising ecosystem, and is exchanged between advertisers, publishers and users. Advertisers pay for their advertising campaigns in BAT tokens. Out of this budget, a small portion is distributed to advertisers, while 70% is distributed to users — whereas the intermediaries that typically drive up advertising costs are cut out of the equation to improve cost-efficiency.

Basic Attention Token launched in 2017 following one of the fastest sell-out initial coin offerings (ICOs) of all time, with the platform raising a total of $35 million in under a minute. Since then, it has rolled out its attention-based advertising experience to users in most countries through its Brave Rewards program.

As of November 2020, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada had the most active advertising campaigns.