## NEM (XEM) क्या है?

NEM (नई अर्थव्यवस्था आंदोलन) प्लेटफ़ॉर्मों का एक पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र है जो व्यवसायों और व्यक्तियों के लिए समाधान प्रदान करने के लिए [ब्लॉकचैन](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/blockchain)और क्रिप्टोग्राफी का उपयोग करता है। XEM, NEM के NIS1 सार्वजनिक ब्लॉकचैन का मूल क्रिप्टोकरेंसी है।

NIS1 बिटकॉइन ([BTC](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/currencies/bitcoin/) ) के समान तरीके से संचालित होता है: इसमें वितरित नोड्स का एक नेटवर्क होता है, जो "ब्लॉकचैन" नामक सार्वजनिक खाता बही पर लेन-देन और प्रक्रिया करता है। इन नोड्स को उनके समय और कंप्यूटिंग संसाधनों में योगदान करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित किया जाता है और लेनदेन शुल्क पुरस्कार के माध्यम से अप्राप्य रहता है; इन पुरस्कारों को प्रत्येक नोड को XEM कॉइन में भुगतान किया जाता है जो ब्लॉकचैन के अंत में लेनदेन का एक नया ब्लॉक जोड़ने का प्रबंधन करता है।

हालाँकि, NIS1 की ब्लॉकचैन में कई अनूठी विशेषताएं हैं, जो इसे बिटकॉइन और अन्य क्रिप्टोकरेंसी से अलग करती हैं।

NIS1 का अल्फा संस्करण — या NEM जैसा कि उस समय ज्ञात था — 25 जून 2014 को लॉन्च किया गया था,और इसका मेंनेट 31 मार्च 2015 को लाइव हो गया।

### NEM के संस्थापक कौन हैं?

NEM मूल रूप से Bitcointalk.org फोरम पर उनके छद्म नामों से जाने जाने वाले तीन डेवलपर्स द्वारा बनाया गया था: Jaguar0625, BloodyRookie और gimre। 2014-2015 में अपनी स्थापना के बाद से, NEM तीन प्रोग्रामर की एक व्यक्तिगत परियोजना से कई प्लेटफार्मों से बना एक बड़े पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र में विकसित हुआ है।

NEM का समग्र विकास और संवर्धन अब NEM फाउंडेशन द्वारा प्रबंधित किया जाता है, जो सिंगापुर में पंजीकृत है। फाउंडेशन के संस्थापक सदस्य एरिक वान, हिमबर्गेन, जेफ़ मैकडोनाल्ड, लोन वोंग और लियोन येओह हैं।

एरिक वान हिमबर्गन बेल्जियम के एक उद्यमी हैं। उन्होंने KU Leuven विश्वविद्यालय में व्यावसायिक अर्थशास्त्र, EHSAL मैनेजमेंट स्कूल में अकाउंटेंसी और कॉर्पोरेट वित्त और एंटवर्प विश्वविद्यालय में सॉफ्टवेयर इंजीनियरिंग का अध्ययन किया। NEM फाउंडेशन के सह-संस्थापक के अलावा — जिसे उन्होंने अप्रैल 2020 में छोड़ा — वैन हिमबर्गेन ने मैनिटप्रो बीवी आईटी कंसल्टेंसी एंड सर्विसेज फर्म की स्थापना की।

जेफ मैकडॉनल्ड्स ने क्रमशः ओकलाहोमा स्टेट यूनिवर्सिटी और यूनिवर्सिटी ऑफ कैनसस में मनोविज्ञान और धार्मिक अध्ययन में अपनी डिग्री प्राप्त की। मैकडॉनल्ड्स NEM पर अपनी कोर टीम के हिस्से के रूप में परियोजना के लॉन्च से पहले से काम कर रहे है। NEM में शामिल होने से पहले, उन्होंने दक्षिण कोरिया के कीमयुंग विश्वविद्यालय में सहायक प्रोफेसर के रूप में काम किया।

ऑस्ट्रेलिया के उद्यमी लोन वोंग ने न्यू साउथ वेल्स विश्वविद्यालय में इलेक्ट्रिकल इंजीनियरिंग में अपनी शिक्षा प्राप्त की है। अप्रैल 2018 में एनईएम फाउंडेशन छोड़ने के बाद, वोंग दो कंपनियों का नेतृत्व कर रहा है, जिसे उन्होंने खुद स्थापित किया: ब्लॉकचेन प्लेटफ़ॉर्म सर्विस ड्रैगनफ्लाई फिनटेक और ब्लॉकचैन इंफ्रास्ट्रक्चर डेवलपमेंट प्लेटफ़ॉर्म प्रोक्सिमाक्स।

#### NEM को क्‍या सबसे अलग बनाता है?

XEM एक विकेंद्रीकृत ओपन-सोर्स क्रिप्टोक्यूरेंसी है जिसमें कई विशिष्ट विशेषताएं हैं।

शायद इनमें से सबसे महत्वपूर्ण है जिस तरह से NIS1 ब्लॉकचैन सुरक्षित है। NIS1 अपने स्वयं के प्रूफ-ऑफ-इम्पोर्टेंस (PoI) एल्गोरिदम का उपयोग करता है - जैसा कि अधिक व्यापक [प्रूफ़-ऑफ़-वर्क और प्रूफ़-ऑफ़-स्टेक](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/proof-of-work-vs-proof-of-stake) के विपरीत है। ये सुनिश्‍चत करता है कि नेटवर्क पर किये गए लेन-देन सही तरीके से संसाधित हों और सभी को पूरी ईमानदारी से किया जाए।

Proof-of-importance किसी को भी NIS1 नेटवर्क पर एक नोड चलाने और "delegated harvesting" नामक प्रक्रिया के माध्यम से लेनदेन की सुविधा प्रदान करता है। प्रणाली पहले से ही मौजूद कॉइन की प्रत्येक नोड की मात्रा को ध्यान में रखती है, वे कितनी बार नेटवर्क पर लेनदेन करते हैं और वे किसके साथ लेनदेन करते हैं, ताकि एनईएम की अर्थव्यवस्था में उनके "महत्वपूर्ण स्कोर" का अनुमान लगाया जा सके। इस स्कोर के आधार पर, नोड्स को उन लेनदेन से शुल्क का हिस्सा प्राप्त होता है जिन्हें उन्होंने संसाधित करने में मदद की है।

NEM का दावा है कि प्रूफ़-ऑफ़-महत्व प्रणाली यह सुनिश्चित करती है कि नेटवर्क उन लोगों को पहचान और पुरस्कृत कर सके जो वास्तव में इसका सबसे अधिक उपयोग करते हैं।

अपने अद्वितीय POI एल्गोरिथ्म के अलावा, NIS1 मल्टीसिग्नेचर अकाउंट कॉन्ट्रैक्ट्स, एन्क्रिप्टेड मैसेजिंग, ईगेंट्रेस्ट++ प्रतिष्ठा प्रणाली जैसी सुविधाएं प्रदान करता है और ब्लॉकचैन पर फ़ाइलों की प्रामाणिकता की जांच और जांच के लिए एपोस्टिल सेवा जैसी सुविधाओं का भी समर्थन करता है।

NIS1 के लिए एक अन्य महत्वपूर्ण बाज़ार उद्यम-स्तरीय समाधान हैं: एक उद्देश्य-निर्मित API प्रणाली के माध्यम से, NEM डेवलपर्स को अपने ब्लॉकचैन बुनियादी ढांचे को तीसरे पक्ष के अनुप्रयोगों में एकीकृत करने की अनुमति देता है।

#### संबंधित पेज :

CoinMarketCap के नए शैक्षिक प्लेटफ़ॉर्म [अलेक्जेंड्रिया](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/crypto-basics) पर क्रिप्टो के बारे में अधिक जानें।

CMC का [ब्लॉग](https://blog.coinmarketcap.com/) देखें।

#### कितने NEM [XEM] कॉइन सर्कुलेशन में हैं?

XEM की कुल आपूर्ति 8.999 बिलियन कॉइन हैं, जो सभी नेटवर्क के लॉन्च के बाद से बनाए गए थे — कोई भी नया XEM खनन(Mine) नहीं किया जा सकता है। नेटवर्क नोड्स को प्रत्येक नए ब्लॉक में शामिल करने के एवज में शुल्क के वितरण के माध्यम से प्रोत्साहित राशि दी जाती है।

### NEM नेटवर्क कैसे सुरक्षित है?

अपने नेटवर्क को सुरक्षित करने के लिए, NEM Ed25519 सार्वजनिक-कुंजी हस्ताक्षर प्रणाली और SHA3 हैश एल्गोरिथ्म का उपयोग करता है।

### आप NEM [XEM] कहां से खरीद सकते हैं?

XEM ट्रेडिंग जोड़े कई प्रमुख क्रिप्टोकरेंसी एक्सचेंज पर उपलब्ध हैं, जैसे:

* [Zaif](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/zaif/)
* [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/binance/)
* [OKEx](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/okex/)
* [HitBTC](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/hitbtc/)

#SaveTheDate | XYMPOSIUM 2.0 is coming to Tokyo. 

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Binance

Ledger

Trezor

Trust Wallet

Math Wallet

NEM Wallet

Safepal

Atomic wallet

Qtum (pronounced ‘“quantum”)  is a proof-of-stake (PoS) smart contract open-source blockchain platform and value transfer protocol. It aims to bring together the strengths of Bitcoinand Ethereumin one chain. Qtum is built on Bitcoin's UTXO transaction model, with the added functionality of smart contract execution and DApps. Recently, the platform added support for DeFi applications. As of March 2021, there are more than 20 tokens created on the Qtum blockchain.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Qtum.

The project was announced in March 2016 and held an ICO a year after, in March 2017, which brought its founders $15 million USD. The Qtum main chain was released on Sept.13, 2017. Initially, the Qtum coin was issued as a ETH-20 token, but with the launch of the mainnet, it was converted to native blockchain.

Qtum

The EOS Network is an open-source blockchain platform that prioritizes high performance, flexibility, security, and developer experience. As a third-generation blockchain platform powered by the EOS virtual machine, EOS has an extensible WebAssembly engine for deterministic execution of near fee-less transactions.

EOS is the market's most scalable, divisible, and programmable digital currency. EOS is a Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) network where stakeholders have the authority to select node operators. EOS is fully decentralized power doesn't reside in the hands of block miners, but rather all parties involved in the EOS Network.

The EOS Network is attractive because of its technology and community. It allows developers to build projects that other blockchains cannot support. The network is straightforward and has multiple tools and educational resources to help users acclimate to the blockchain.

Ontology is a project designed to bring trust, privacy, and security to Web3 through decentralized identity and data solutions. It is building the infrastructure to provide trusted access to Web3, allowing individuals and enterprises to rest assured that through regulatory compliant digital identity solutions, users and their privacy come first.

The Ontology blockchain is a high speed, low cost public blockchain. It is designed to bring decentralized identity and data solutions to Web3, with the goal of increasing privacy, transparency, and trust. To achieve this, users and enterprises are provided with the flexibility to build blockchain-based solutions that suit their needs, while also ensuring regulatory compliance. Through Ontology’s Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), Ontology ensures frictionless compatibility with Ethereum, the first step in the creation of the Ontology Multi-Virtual Machine and further interoperability for the chain.

At its launch, Ontology chose to forego the popular initial coin offering (ICO) model in favor of a series of community distributions and airdrops of its ONT cryptocurrency.

This helped to quickly establish both organic price discovery and a passionate community and helped the project to avoid subsequent regulatory scrutiny.

For example, for a brief period any person who signed up for the Ontology newsletter received an airdrop of free 1,000 ONT, which reached a value of $10 per token soon after the token became listed on major exchanges like Binance.

Ontology launched its own MainNet on June 30, 2018 and has been up and running smoothly since.

Ontology

Dash is an open-source blockchain and cryptocurrency focused on offering a fast, cheap global payments network that is decentralized in nature. According to the project's white paper, Dash seeks to improve upon Bitcoin (BTC) by providing stronger privacy and faster transactions.

Dash, whose name comes from "digital cash," was launched in January 2014 as a fork of Litecoin (LTC). Since going live, Dash has grown to include features such as a two-tier network with incentivized nodes, including "masternodes," and decentralized project governance; InstantSend, which allows for instantly settled payments; ChainLocks, which makes the Dash blockchain instantly immutable; and PrivateSend, which offers additional optional privacy for transactions.

Dash

Siacoin (SC) is the native utility token of Sia, a blockchain-based distributed, decentralized cloud storage platform. Sia acts as a secure, trustless marketplace for cloud storage in which users can lease access to their unused storage space. Agreements and transactions are enforced with smart contracts, and Siacoin is the medium of exchange for paying for storage on the network. The main goal of the project is to become the "backbone storage layer of the internet."

Sia was originally announced in May 2014 before being revised and re-announced a year later in May 2015. It officially launched in June 2015.

Siacoin

IOST describes itself as an “ultra-fast,” fully fledged and decentralized blockchain network and ecosystem with its own nodes, wallets and based on the “next-generation” consensus protocol dubbed “proof-of-believability.”

IOST

Holo is a peer-to-peer distributed platform for hosting decentralized applications built using Holochain, a framework for developing DApps that does not require the use of blockchain technology. The goal of Holo is to serve as a bridge between the broader internet and apps built using Holochain, offering an ecosystem and marketplace in which DApps are easily accessible, as they are hosted on the internet by Holo network participants.

The Holo network will be facilitated using a token called HoloFuel, which is actively being tested and will act as an accounting system to pay hosts for their services. In 2018, the project minted an ERC-20 token, HOT — also known as HoloToken — as an "IOU" that will be redeemable for HoloFuel upon launch.

Holo is still in development and is expected to launch for open alpha and beta testing by 2021.

Holo

Zilliqa is a public, permissionless blockchain that is designed to offer high throughput with the ability to complete thousands of transactions per second. It seeks to solve the issue of blockchain scalability and speed by employing sharding as a second-layer scaling solution. The platform is home to many decentralized applications, and as of October 2020, it also allows for staking and yield farming.

Development work officially started on Zilliqa in June 2017, and its testnet went live in March 2018. A little over a year later, in June 2019, the platform launched its mainnet.

The native utility token of Zilliqa, ZIL, is used to process transactions on the network and execute smart contracts.

Zilliqa

IOTA is a distributed ledger technology (DLT) that features unique architecture and an open-source product suite for individuals, businesses, and institutions to use in Web3. It is built on a directed acyclic graph (DAG) called the Tangle, which can be pictured as a multi-dimensional blockchain. It enables the exchange of data and value on a decentralized platform through direct and secure transfers, executed on and immutably recorded on the network.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive into IOTA.

Together with its staging network Shimmer, IOTA aims to offer solutions to establish a secure and permissionless infrastructure that can drive the economy of the future. It enables the development of decentralized applications through automated trust in the form of Ethereum-compatible smart contracts, an advanced consensus algorithm, and thoughtfully balanced incentives.

IOTA delivers tools for creating and managing custom Layer 2 (EVM) chains, deploying smart contracts, minting native tokens and NFTs with distinctive features, and introducing digital identities to users.

Launching in 2024, IOTA 2.0 will be a protocol upgrade that rebuilds IOTA’s architecture to deliver full decentralization. You can find more about it here.

IOTA

DigiByte (DGB) is an open source blockchain and asset creation platform. Development began in October 2013 and the genesis block of its DGB token was mined in January 2014 as a fork of Bitcoin (BTC).

A longstanding public blockchain and cryptocurrency, DigiByte uses five different algorithms to improve security, and originally aimed to improve on the Bitcoin blockchain’s security, capacity and transaction speed.

DigiByte consists of three layers: a smart contract “App Store,” a public ledger and the core protocol featuring nodes communicating to relay transactions.

DigiByte

Apps use ICON to operate cross-chain seamlessly, build momentum and gain reputation. ICON's Cross-Chain Framework simplifies cross-chain development with its easy-to-use xCall messaging standard and connections to secure bridging protocols.

ICON

Zcash is a decentralized cryptocurrency focused on privacy and anonymity. It uses the zk-SNARK zero-knowledge proof technology that allows nodes on the network to verify transactions without revealing any sensitive information about those transactions.

Contrary to a common misunderstanding, the majority of cryptocurrencies on the market, including Bitcoin (BTC), are not anonymous, but rather pseudonymous; while they do not explicitly reveal the identities of their users, each user has their own public address or addresses which can be traced back to them via the methods of data science and blockchain forensics.

Zcash transactions, on the other hand, still have to be relayed via a public blockchain, but unlike pseudonymous cryptocurrencies, ZEC transactions by default do not reveal the sending and receiving addresses or the amount being sent. There is an option, however, to reveal this data for the purposes of auditing or regulatory compliance.

Zcash was first released on October 28, 2016, and it was originally based on Bitcoin’s codebase.

Zcash

Waves is a multi-purpose blockchain platform which supports various use cases including decentralized applications (DApps) and smart contracts.

Launched in June 2016 following one of the cryptocurrency industry’s earliest initial coin offerings (ICO), Waves initially set out to improve on the first blockchain platforms by increasing speed, utility and user-friendliness.

The platform has undergone various changes and added new spin-off features to build on its original design.

Waves’ native token is WAVES, an uncapped supply token used for standard payments such as block rewards.

Waves

Basic Attention Token, or BAT, is the token that powers a new blockchain-based digital advertising platform designed to fairly reward users for their attention, while providing advertisers with a better return on their ad spend.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Basic Attention Token.

This experience is delivered through the Brave Browser, where users can watch privacy-preserving adverts and receive BAT rewards for doing so. On the other hand, advertisers can deliver targeted ads to maximize engagement and cut down losses due to ad fraud and abuse.

The Basic Attention Token itself is the unit of reward in this advertising ecosystem, and is exchanged between advertisers, publishers and users. Advertisers pay for their advertising campaigns in BAT tokens. Out of this budget, a small portion is distributed to advertisers, while 70% is distributed to users — whereas the intermediaries that typically drive up advertising costs are cut out of the equation to improve cost-efficiency.

Basic Attention Token launched in 2017 following one of the fastest sell-out initial coin offerings (ICOs) of all time, with the platform raising a total of $35 million in under a minute. Since then, it has rolled out its attention-based advertising experience to users in most countries through its Brave Rewards program.

As of November 2020, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada had the most active advertising campaigns.

Basic Attention Token

Tezos is a high-performing blockchain and open-source platform for assets and applications, with a strong focus on code security, on-chain governance, and decentralization. Tezos 2.0, the upcoming step in the evolution of Tezos, aims to improve scalability (via layer 2s), composability, and to implement support to mainstream programming languages (like Javascript, Typescript, Python, and many others).

Initially built with formal verification in mind, the Tezos protocol enables builders to avoid bugs when developing smart contracts, making it particularly suited to applications that require a high degree of security and certainty.

Tezos’ LPoS (Liquid Proof-of-Stake) consensus mechanism enables any stakeholder to take part, directly or by delegation, in the consensus process, and to be rewarded for securing the network. Rather uniquely, Tezos’ on-chain governance system also enables stakeholders to create and vote on protocol upgrade proposals. This pioneering system allows the protocol to self-amend and upgrade itself without leading to a split (or fork) in the blockchain, empowering the community without slowing down innovation.

First proposed in 2014 and launched in 2018, the Tezos Mainnet has a proven track record of running uninterrupted ever since, having earned a strong reputation for technical excellence and a supportive community.

Tezos

Ravencoin is a digital peer-to-peer (P2P) network that aims to implement a use case specific blockchain, designed to efficiently handle one specific function: the transfer of assets from one party to another. Built on a fork of the Bitcoin code, Ravencoin was announced on Oct. 31, 2017 and released binaries for mining on Jan. 3, 2018 with what is called a fair launch: no premine, ICO or masternodes. It was named in reference to a TV show Game of Thrones.

Ravencoin

OMG Network, formerly known as OmiseGo, is a non-custodial, layer-2 scaling solution built for the Ethereum blockchain. As an Ethereum scaling solution, OMG Network is designed to allow users to transfer ETH and ERC20 tokens significantly faster and cheaper than when transacting directly on the Ethereum network.

The network is based on a novel scaling solution called MoreViable Plasma, which uses a sidechain architecture to group several transactions off-chain into a batch, which can then be verified as a single transaction on the Ethereum root chain. According to OMG Network, this technology has the potential to scale Ethereum to thousands of transactions per second (TPS) — instead of the 10 to 14 tps Ethereum 1.0 is currently capable of.

The network is powered by the OMG utility token, which can be used as one of the payment methods for fees on the OMG Network, and will eventually be stakable — helping to secure the network in return for rewards.

OMG Network

Decred is Money Evolved.

By combining battle tested Proof-of-Work with an innovative take on Proof-of-Stake that places coin holders in charge of shaping the future, Decred is able to adapt to challenges and innovate at a rapid pace. You acquire influence in Decred by putting “skin in the game”.

Decred’s security, privacy, scalability, and decentralized treasury empower stakeholders and provides them with the tools needed to enhance their financial sovereignty.

Decred

Chiliz is the leading digital currency for sports and entertainment by the eponymous Malta-based FinTech provider. It operates the blockchain-based sports entertainment platform Socios, which enables users to participate in the governance of their favorite sports brands. Multiple fan tokens by Socios.com are an example of that. For sports clubs and associations, fan tokens offer a way of connecting with their fans and unlocking new revenue streams.

For instance, fans can participate and influence club-related decisions through surveys and polls, such as messages the captain should wear on his armband. The company aims to bridge the gap between being an active and a passive fan. Chiliz has developed partnerships with some of the biggest sporting institutions in the world: FC Barcelona, Manchester City, Juventus Turin, and Paris Saint-Germain. It also boasts partnerships with the UFC and gaming organizations. By purchasing CHZ, fans get access to various fan tokens and literally have a stake in their club.