## एर्गो क्या है?

एर्गो एक आगे की सोच वाला स्मार्ट कॉन्ट्रैक्ट प्लेटफॉर्म के रूप में उभरा है जिसका उद्देश्य आर्थिक स्वतंत्रता को लोकतांत्रिक बनाना है, जो सुरक्षित, सुलभ और विकेंद्रीकृत वित्तीय उपकरण प्रदान करके करता है। यह प्लेटफॉर्म लेन-देन, बचत, निवेश, और व्यापार जैसी वित्तीय गतिविधियों को सार्वभौमिक रूप से सुलभ बनाने के लिए समर्पित है, जिसके लिए केवल इंटरनेट कनेक्शन की आवश्यकता है। एक डीफाई इकोसिस्टम को बढ़ावा देते हुए, एर्गो वित्तीय समावेशिता को सक्षम करने में अग्रणी है।

यह प्लेटफॉर्म केवल वित्तीय सेवाएं प्रदान करने के बारे में नहीं है; यह हैकथॉन के आयोजन के माध्यम से अपने समुदाय के साथ सक्रिय रूप से जुड़ता है। ये घटनाएं नवीन उपकरणों और उत्पादों के विकास को प्रोत्साहित करने में महत्वपूर्ण हैं जो ब्लॉकचेन प्रौद्योगिकी की पहुंच और उपयोगिता को व्यापक दर्शकों के लिए बढ़ाने का लक्ष्य रखते हैं।

एर्गो इकोसिस्टम के भीतर एक उल्लेखनीय विकास क्रक्स फाइनेंस है, एक उपकरण जो क्रिप्टो पोर्टफोलियो के प्रबंधन को सरल बनाने और डीफाई अनुप्रयोगों के साथ इंटरैक्शन को सुविधाजनक बनाने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया है। यह पहल डीफ

### एर्गो कैसे सुरक्षित है?

एर्गो की सुरक्षा ढांचा नवीन प्रौद्योगिकियों और प्रथाओं की एक नींव पर बनाया गया है जिसे इसके ब्लॉकचेन नेटवर्क की अखंडता और सुरक्षा सुनिश्चित करने के लिए डिजाइन किया गया है। एर्गो की सुरक्षा उपायों के केंद्र में नॉन-इंटरएक्टिव प्रूफ्स ऑफ प्रूफ ऑफ वर्क (निपोपोव्स) और ऑटोलाइकोस माइनिंग एल्गोरिथम हैं। निपोपोव्स कम डेटा के साथ ब्लॉकचेन लेनदेन की पुष्टि करने की संभावना प्रदान करते हैं, जिससे उपयोगकर्ताओं को बिना व्यापक गणनात्मक संसाधनों की आवश्यकता के पूर्ण नोड चलाने की संभावना मिलती है। यह नेटवर्क की सुरक्षा की प्रक्रिया को लोकतांत्रिक बनाता है, क्योंकि यह उपभोक्ता-ग्रेड हार्डवेयर का उपयोग करके भागीदारी को सक्षम बनाता है।

ऑटोलाइकोस, एर्गो का प्रूफ-ऑफ-वर्क माइनिंग एल्गोरिथम, विशेष रूप से ASICs के प्रतिरोधी होने के लिए डिजाइन किया गया है, जिससे सुनिश्चित होता है कि माइनिंग मानक कंप्यूटिंग उपकरणों वाले व्यक्तियों के लिए सुलभ रहे। यह दृष्टिकोण न केवल विकेंद्रीकरण को बढ़ावा देता है बल्कि माइनिंग शक्ति के संकेंद्रण को रोककर नेटवर्क की सुरक्षा में भी योगदान देता है।

एर्गो प्लेटफॉर्म की सुरक्षा को और बढ़

### एर्गो का उपयोग कैसे किया जाएगा?

एर्गो को एक बहुमुखी मंच के रूप में स्थान दिया गया है जिसका ध्यान वित्तीय समावेशन को बढ़ावा देने और वित्तीय असमानता को संबोधित करने पर है। यह उपलब्धि, सुलभ, अनुमति-रहित वित्तीय उपकरणों के निर्माण के माध्यम से हासिल की गई है जिन्हें ब्लॉकचेन प्रौद्योगिकी के लिए प्रवेश की बाधाओं को कम करने और व्यापक अपनाने को प्रोत्साहित करने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया है। इस लक्ष्य का समर्थन करने के लिए मुख्य पहलों में से एक एर्गोहैक VII है, एक घटना जो डेवलपर्स को उपकरणों और उत्पादों का निर्माण करने के लिए प्रेरित करती है जो ब्लॉकचेन प्रौद्योगिकी की उपयोगिता, सुरक्षा, और पारदर्शिता को बढ़ाते हैं।

इसके अलावा, एर्गो नवीन प्रौद्योगिकियों जैसे क्रक्स फाइनेंस के विकास के लिए समर्पित है, एक उपकरण जिसका उद्देश्य क्रिप्टो पोर्टफोलियो के प्रबंधन को सरल बनाना और विभिन्न एर्गो डीफी अनुप्रयोगों के साथ एक समेकित इंटरफेस में बातचीत को सुविधाजनक बनाना है। यह पहल एर्गो की डीफी पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र के भीतर उपयोगकर्ता अनुभव को सुधारने के प्रति उसकी प्रतिबद्धता को रेखांकित करती है।

एर्गो के लिए एक और महत्वपूर्ण विकास क्षेत्र सुरक्षित क्रॉस-चेन इंटरऑपर

### एर्गो के लिए क्या प्रमुख घटनाएँ रही हैं?

एर्गो ने ब्लॉकचेन और क्रिप्टोकरेंसी परिदृश्य में कई महत्वपूर्ण घटनाओं के माध्यम से अपनी उपस्थिति दर्ज की है, जो विकेंद्रीकृत वित्त (डीफी) में आर्थिक स्वतंत्रता और नवाचार को बढ़ावा देने की अपनी प्रतिबद्धता को दर्शाती हैं। ये घटनाएँ वित्तीय अनुबंधों और अनुप्रयोगों के लिए एक मजबूत, सुरक्षित और सुलभ मंच बनाने के लिए एर्गो की समर्पण को रेखांकित करती हैं।

एर्गो के लिए एक निर्णायक क्षण एर्गोहैक VII की मेजबानी थी, एक हैकाथॉन जिसे डेवलपर्स को एर्गो इकोसिस्टम के भीतर नवीन समाधानों का पता लगाने और बनाने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया था। यह घटना न केवल मंच की विविध अनुप्रयोगों का समर्थन करने की क्षमता को प्रदर्शित करती है, बल्कि डेवलपर समुदाय को डीफी में संभव की सीमाओं को आगे बढ़ाने में भी संलग्न करती है।

एक और उल्लेखनीय विकास रोज़ेन ब्रिज की रिलीज़ थी, एक तकनीकी प्रगति जिसका उद्देश्य ब्लॉकचेन स्थान के भीतर अंतरक्रियात्मकता को बढ़ाना है। विभिन्न ब्लॉकचेन नेटवर्कों के बीच सहज लेनदेन को सुविधाजनक बनाकर, रोज़ेन ब्रिज एक अधिक जुड़े और कुशल ब्लॉकचेन इकोसिस्टम को प्राप्त करने में एक महत्वपूर



It's great to get together with people you've only interviewed virtually! (

Ergo had a great time at @RareEvo 2024 with @RosenBridge_erg @ZengateGlobal @palmeconomy @Sigmanauts and more!

It's great to get together with people you've only interviewed virtually! (@LaPetiteADA, thanks for wearing our new swag!).

Lots in the pipeline for #Ergo, stay tuned! 

Exciting news! Bitcoin is now bridged to the Ergo ecosystem via the 

. This decentralized infrastructure enables trustless transfers between BTC and Ergo, opening up new DeFi possibilities.

The Rosen Bridge allows Bitcoin to be deployed within Ergo's growing DeFi ecosystem as rsnBTC. Ergo's eUTXO model and ErgoScript enable powerful dApps that can now use Bitcoin as collateral.

🔸Watchers: Monitor blockchains for events

🔸Guards: Execute transactions based on Watcher info

Both earn fees for their roles in maintaining the bridge's security.

The RSN token is crucial for the bridge's security. Interested in earning? You can:

🔸Become a Watcher (70% of bridge fees)

Liquidity providers can deposit RSN tokens in pools on 

 . Be aware of impermanent loss, but earn trading fees and potential yield farming rewards.

 , Ergo's lending protocol. Rates vary, so check current returns. 

 also offers unique bonding opportunities for RSN lending/borrowing.

Want to learn more or get involved? Check out Ergo's documentation, join the Ergo Discord, and explore how to set up as a Watcher or Guard. The future of cross-chain DeFi is here!

Exciting news! Bitcoin is now bridged to the Ergo ecosystem via the @RosenBridge_erg. This decentralized infrastructure enables trustless transfers between BTC and Ergo, opening up new DeFi possibilities.
The Rosen Bridge allows Bitcoin to be deployed within Ergo's growing DeFi ecosystem as rsnBTC. Ergo's eUTXO model and ErgoScript enable powerful dApps that can now use Bitcoin as collateral.
Key players in the Rosen Bridge:
🔸Watchers: Monitor blockchains for events
🔸Guards: Execute transactions based on Watcher info
Both earn fees for their roles in maintaining the bridge's security.
The RSN token is crucial for the bridge's security. Interested in earning? You can:
🔸Become a Watcher (70% of bridge fees)
🔸Become a Guard (30% of bridge fees)
🔸Provide liquidity in RSN pools
🔸Lend RSN tokens
Liquidity providers can deposit RSN tokens in pools on @spectrumxnet . Be aware of impermanent loss, but earn trading fees and potential yield farming rewards.
Another option: Loan RSN tokens on @duckpools_io , Ergo's lending protocol. Rates vary, so check current returns. @Sigmafi_app also offers unique bonding opportunities for RSN lending/borrowing.
Want to learn more or get involved? Check out Ergo's documentation, join the Ergo Discord, and explore how to set up as a Watcher or Guard. The future of cross-chain DeFi is here!
👉 Read the full article https://bit.ly/46CusqV

Alonzo Upgrade Opens the Door for Cardano DApps

The Ergo platform aims to provide an efficient, secure, and easy way to implement financial contracts that will be useful and survivable in the long term. Ergo describes itself as a self-amendable protocol that reportedly allows it to absorb new ideas and improve itself in a decentralized manner.

Ergo

Ravencoin is a digital peer-to-peer (P2P) network that aims to implement a use case specific blockchain, designed to efficiently handle one specific function: the transfer of assets from one party to another. Built on a fork of the Bitcoin code, Ravencoin was announced on Oct. 31, 2017 and released binaries for mining on Jan. 3, 2018 with what is called a fair launch: no premine, ICO or masternodes. It was named in reference to a TV show Game of Thrones.

Ravencoin

Flux is the cryptocurrency that powers the Flux ecosystem. It has a number of uses including purchasing resources, collateralizing nodes and fuelling transactions on FluxOS, as well as rewarding both miners and FluxNode operators for providing computational resources.

The Flux ecosystem is devoted to empowering everyone to develop, deploy and use the decentralized Internet of the future: Web3

At this moment the Flux ecosystem consists of: a native, minable POW cryptocurrency ($FLUX), a powerful decentralized computational Flux Network (FluxNodes), a Linux based operating system (FluxOS), the premier digital asset platform (Zelcore) and, finally, the Flux blockchain for on-chain governance, economics and parallel assets to provide interoperability with other blockchains and DeFi access.

Currently (2023/1) Flux has a computational network consisting of around 15,000 decentralized nodes, distributed globally with more than 108,000 CPU cores, 288 terabytes of RAM and 6.7 petabytes of storage. That makes Flux the largest decentralized network in the world!

Flux

COTI is a fast and light confidentiality layer on Ethereum. Powered by the breakthrough cryptographic protocol Garbled Circuits and secured by Ethereum, COTI introduces the most advanced and compliant solution for data protection on the public blockchain. Paving the way for the next wave of Web3 innovation and adoption, COTI unlocks a whole new world of use cases, including confidential transactions, Artificial Intelligence, DeFi, decentralized identification, and more.

COTI

Kadena is a proof-of-work blockchain that combines the PoW consensus mechanism from Bitcoin with directed acyclic graph (DAG) principles to offer a scalable version of Bitcoin. Kadena claims it can provide the security of Bitcoin while being able to offer unparalleled throughput that makes the blockchain usable to enterprises and entrepreneurs alike. Kadena's unique infrastructure is decentralized and built for mass adoption because of its multi-chain approach.

Kadena promises industrial scalability that can support global financial systems and can be scaled as necessary. It also vows to remain energy-efficient at scale and deliver more transactions with the same energy input, another difference to Bitcoin. Moreover, Kadena offers crypto gas stations, which allow businesses to pay for their customers' gas fees and remove a massive pain point in adopting blockchains for business.

Kadena has already scaled its network from 10 to 20 blockchains and can do so again in the future, if necessary.

Kadena

Zilliqa is a public, permissionless blockchain that is designed to offer high throughput with the ability to complete thousands of transactions per second. It seeks to solve the issue of blockchain scalability and speed by employing sharding as a second-layer scaling solution. The platform is home to many decentralized applications, and as of October 2020, it also allows for staking and yield farming.

Development work officially started on Zilliqa in June 2017, and its testnet went live in March 2018. A little over a year later, in June 2019, the platform launched its mainnet.

The native utility token of Zilliqa, ZIL, is used to process transactions on the network and execute smart contracts.

Zilliqa

Firo (FIRO), formerly known as Zcoin, is a cryptocurrency that focuses on being private digital cash. It created the Lelantus privacy protocol which allows users to burn their coins and redeem them later for brand new ones that do not have any transaction history.

Prior to Lelantus, it was also the first cryptocurrency to code and launch a practical implementation of the Zerocoin protocol which became one of the most prevalent privacy protocols in use, prior to it being replaced by Sigma and then Lelantus after cryptographic flaws were discovered in the Zerocoin protocol in 2019.

Firo

Harmony is a blockchain platform designed to facilitate the creation and use of decentralized applications (DApps). The network aims to innovate the way decentralized applications work by focusing on random state sharding, which allows creating blocks in seconds.

According to the project’s website, Harmony is expected to introduce cross-shard contracts and a cross-chain infrastructure by the end of 2021.

Harmony

Nervos Network (CKB) is an open-source public blockchain ecosystem. Its goal is to create a peer-to-peer (P2P) crypto-economy network where users can access a wide range of provably secure blockchain services and capabilities.

The Nervos mainnet launched in November 2019 with a novel dual-layer architecture. There’s a base layer where the consensus mechanism operates and smart assets are stored, and a computation layer where transactions are processed.

The base layer, also known as the Common Knowledge Base, has its own cryptocurrency called CKByte (CKB). It uses the Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus mechanism and drives the Nervos ecosystem. It is used to pay miners for keeping the network safe, managing network resources, and letting users store things on the network.

The Nervos Network allows developers to create decentralized applications (dApps) that can operate on various blockchain systems. Any of the network layers can be used to run both decentralized apps and smart contracts.

Nervos Network

Conflux (CFX) is a public layer-1 blockchain that was made to power decentralized applications (dApps), e-commerce, and Web 3.0 infrastructure by being more scalable, decentralized, and secure than existing protocols.

Conflux makes it easier to transfer valuable assets by making the process quick, effective, free of network congestion, and with low transaction costs. The platform is based on the Tree-Graph consensus mechanism, and it combines Proof-of-Work (PoW) and Proof-of-Stake (PoS) algorithms to achieve consensus. The protocol uses Turing-complete smart contracts written in Solidity, just like those on  Ethereum, and is compatible with the EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine).

Conflux's growth is fueled by CFX, the platform's native token, which gives users financial incentives to participate and engage more. The token is used to pay transaction fees, govern the network, and is given as compensation to miners who help secure the network via staking.

Conflux

Helium (HNT) is a decentralized blockchain-powered network for Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

Launched in July 2019, the Helium mainnet allows low-powered wireless devices to communicate with each other and send data across its network of nodes.

Nodes come in the form of so-called Hotspots, which are a combination of a wireless gateway and a blockchain mining device. Users who operate nodes thus mine and earn rewards in Helium’s native cryptocurrency token, HNT.

Helium’s goal is to prepare IoT communication for the future, identifying inadequacies in current infrastructure from its birth in 2013.

Helium

Audius is a decentralized music streaming protocol initially built on POA network, but now living on Solana. Audius was launched to remedy the inefficiencies of the music industry, which is plagued by intransparent music rights ownership and intermediaries standing between artists and their audience.

Audius aims to align the interests of artists, fans, and node operators through its platform powered by its native AUDIO token. Artists can upload music, stored and distributed by content and discovery nodes, that fans can listen to for free. Currently, Audius rewards content creators through rewards like featuring in the weekly trending lists. In the future, it plans to integrate stablecoins for artists to offer paid content, as well as artist tokens that give fans the ability to access exclusive content, potentially cooperating with platforms like Rally.

Audius

Secret (SCRT) is a privacy-oriented blockchain built on Cosmos. Its smart contracts are called Secret Contracts and allow DApps to use private data on Secret, similar to how smart contracts operate on other blockchains. However, Secret Contracts transfer encrypted inputs into encrypted outputs without exposing data. This is made possible thanks to the encrypted contract states during the execution.

Data privacy is guaranteed by combining encryption protocols and key management within a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE). This allows Secret Contracts to compete for several privacy-related use cases that traditional blockchains have found difficult to accommodate. For instance, private voting mechanisms or credit scoring applications become possible since they do not expose sensitive user data on-chain with Secret.

Secret

Algorand is a self-sustaining, decentralized, blockchain-based network that supports a wide range of applications. These systems are secure, scalable and efficient, all critical properties for effective applications in the real world. Algorand will support computations that require reliable performance guarantees to create new forms of trust.

The Algorand mainnet became live in June 2019, and was able to handle almost 1 million transactions per day as of December 2020. Algorand transaction metrics can be viewed here. Algorand initial coin offering (ICO) was held in June 2019, with the Algorand price of $0.24 per token.

Algorand

SingularityNET is a blockchain-powered platform that allows anybody to easily "create, share, and monetize" AI services, thanks to its globally-accessible AI marketplace.

Through the SingularityNET marketplace, users can browse, test and purchase a huge variety of AI services using the platform’s native utility token — AGIX. Moreover, the marketplace represents an outlet AI developers can use to publish and sell their AI tools, and easily track their performance.

With the benefits of LLMs and generative AI are increasingly exciting, their limitations are also becoming increasingly apparent. The convergence of structured knowledge with neural networks is emerging as the key to overcoming their shortcomings.

Uniquely positioned at the heart of this convergence, SingularityNET will prioritize the integration of Knowledge Graphs (KGs) and comprehensive Neural Symbolic tools for LLMs, with the goal of empowering developers to create the next generation of AI systems on the SingularityNET Platform.

SingularityNET is strategically positioned to become the Knowledge Layer of the Internet, leading the evolution of the emerging AI landscape while also laying the foundations for the Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) of tomorrow.

The team behind SingularityNET pioneered the development of an AI known as Sophia, which is described as the "world's most expressive robot". SingularityNET’s goal is to enable Sophia to be able to fully understand human language, and continue developing “OpenCog” — an AI framework that is hoped to eventually achieve a state known as “advanced general intelligence,” i.e. human-level artificial intelligence (or beyond).

The platform was first announced in 2017 and completed an initial coin offering (ICO) in December the same year, raising $36 million in just one minute.

SingularityNET

MultiversX is a blockchain protocol that offers true horizontal scalability by using all aspects of sharding (Network, Transaction & State). The project describes itself as a technology ecosystem for the new internet, which includes decentralized finance, real world assets and the Metaverse. Its smart contracts execution platform is reportedly capable of up to 100,000 transactions per second, 6-second latency and a $0.002 transaction cost.

MultiversX is governed and secured through the EGLD token. EGLD, or Electronic Gold, is MultiversX's native token. It acts as a store of value currency to pay for network usage. The coin also serves as a medium of exchange between platform users and validators. Users pay transaction fees in EGLD and validators participate in the consensus process.

EGLD allows developers to deploy smart contracts, protocols, and dApps on the platform. It empowers participants to perform any network action. Through staking and validation rewards, as well as transaction fees, EGLD manages the MultiversX network. Plus, EGLD is endowed with the functionality of a governance token, so its holders can vote on network decisions.

MultiversX

Enjin Coin is a project of Enjin, a company that provides an ecosystem of interconnected, blockchain-based gaming products. Enjin's flagship offering is the Enjin Network, a social gaming platform through which users can create websites and clans, chat, and host virtual item stores.

Enjin allows game developers to tokenize in-game items on the Ethereum blockchain. It uses Enjin Coin, an ERC-20 token, to back the digital assets issued using its platform, meaning that items can be bought, sold and traded with real-world value.

Enjin Coin was first announced in July 2017, and it launched on the Ethereum mainnet in June 2018.

Enjin Coin (ENJ) is a digital store of value used to back the value of blockchain assets like non-fungible tokens (NFTs).
Every asset minted with the Enjin Platform contains ENJ, a minting resource which is locked inside NFTs and removed from circulation. Minting blockchain assets with ENJ provides a variety of benefits to creators and users:

Infuses them with a reserve value

Ensures their transparency and scarcity

Gives them instant liquidity

Provides utility in games and apps

Anti-inflationary

Enjin's "melting" functionality allows users to destroy their blockchain assets at any time to retrieve the ENJ value from within.

The Enjin blockchain ecosystem aims to offer software products that make it easy for everyone to develop, trade, monetize, and market with blockchain.

Founded in 2009, Enjin has roots in the gaming industry, with the company’s first product, a gaming community platform called the Enjin Network, growing to 20 million users over the course of a decade.

In 2017 following an ICO, Enjin established itself as a leading blockchain ecosystem developer, building a suite of software products that enable anyone to easily mint, manage, trade, distribute, and integrate blockchain assets.

Enjin’s co-founder Witek Radomski wrote the code for one of the first ever non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and is also the co-author of the ERC-1155 Ethereum token standard.

Built on top of an on-chain infrastructure, the Enjin ecosystem enables game developers and businesses of all sizes to use tokenized digital assets as part of their acquisition, retention, engagement, and monetization strategies. The Enjin ecosystem is fueled by Enjin Coin (ENJ), a cryptocurrency used to back the value of blockchain assets.

Enjin Coin

Fantom is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) smart contract platform providing decentralized finance (DeFi) services to developers using its own bespoke consensus algorithm.

Together with its in-house token FTM, Fantom aims to solve problems associated with smart-contract platforms, specifically transaction speed, which developers say they have reduced to under two seconds.

The Fantom Foundation, which oversees the Fantom product offering, was originally created in 2018, with the launch of OPERA, Fantom’s mainnet, coming in December 2019.

Fantom is an open-source decentralized smart contract platform for DApps and digital assets that was created as an alternative to Ethereum. Fantom has the goal of overcoming the limitations of previous generation blockchains and balancing three components: scalability, security and decentralization. The project offers a set of tools to simplify the process of integrating existing DApps, as well as a detailed staking reward system and built-in DeFi instruments.

Fantom is a Layer-1 blockchain that uses a scratch-built consensus mechanism and independent consensus layer, Lachesis, to facilitate DeFi and related services on the basis of smart contracts. Lachesis provides security for other layers as well, including Opera, Fantom's EVM-compatible smart contract chain. The long-playing mission of the project is to “grant compatibility between all transaction bodies around the world.”

One of Fantom's key strengths is its performance and efficient transaction processing, namely thousands of transactions per second, where transactions are settled in 1-2 seconds, and the cost is fractions of a cent per transaction. As a result, Fantom provides higher scalability but at a lower cost.

The ecosystem is based on two main technologies: Lachesis protocol and Opera.

The Lachesis protocol is the core consensus layer that secures the Fantom network by providing both transaction speed and security.

Lachesis is an aBFT consensus engine that uses a directed acyclic graph (DAG) algorithm. How it works: network data can be processed at different times, and the network filters the participants, allowing only one third, which are allocated due to erroneous or malicious behavior, without compromising network processes.

Fantom's Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerant (aBFT) Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism maintains the efficiency of the entire network, its design provides security at maximum speed. Fantom developers emphasize that the PoS mechanism is a leaderless phenomenon — there are no leaders of blocks and participants, and anyone can join (or leave) the network of nodes at a convenient moment.

The key qualities of Lachesis are: asynchronous, leaderless, Byzantine fault-tolerant, and near-instant finality.

As for Opera, it's an application development layer or Fantom's mainnet deployment platform, permissionless and open-source hosting DApps. Thanks to EVM integration and support for the Solidity programming language, Fantom has a full set of smart contract capabilities, which allows users to seamlessly interact with Ethereum platforms while maintaining the advantage of Fantom's transaction efficiency.

The Fantom Foundation concluded that removing block leaders improves network security, so Opera uses a PoS model and leaderless validators (validators do not determine which blocks are valid).

In addition to being a fast, secure and cheap payment platform that enables to make fast and secure payments at minimal cost, Fantom also features on-chain governance where users vote with FTM tokens (one token equals one vote). Of the features: users have the right to express the degree of agreement / disagreement on a scale from 0 to 4.

FTM is the native utility in-house PoS token of Fantom that powers the ecosystem and is applied for payments, network fees, staking, and governance. FTM forms the backbone of transactions, and allows fee collection and staking activities, along with the user rewards the latter represents.

Fantom

Arweave is a decentralized storage network that seeks to offer a platform for the indefinite storage of data. Describing itself as "a collectively owned hard drive that never forgets," the network primarily hosts "the permaweb" — a permanent, decentralized web with a number of community-driven applications and platforms.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Arweave.

The Arweave network uses a native cryptocurrency, AR, to pay "miners" to indefinitely store the network's information.

The project was first announced as Archain in August 2017, later rebranding to Arweave in February 2018 and officially launching in June 2018.

Arweave

Self-described as "Polkadot's wild cousin," Kusama is an experimental blockchain platform that is designed to provide a massively interoperable and scalable framework for developers.

Kusama is built on Substrate — a blockchain building kit developed by Parity Technologies. Kusama has almost the same codebase as Polkadot — one of the most successful interoperable blockchains.

By deploying on Kusama, fast-paced projects gain access to a highly scalable, interoperable sharded network, with features that are not yet available on Polkadot. To that end, Kusama describes itself as a “canary network.”

The platform is designed to provide a testbed for developers looking to innovate and deploy their own blockchain and can be used as a preparatory network before launching on Polkadot — though many projects opt to stick with Kusama for their final product.

Kusama benefits from a low barrier to entry for deploying parachains, low bond requirements for validators, and is most commonly used by early-stage startups and for experimentation.

Kusama

Ethereum Classic (ETC) is the original Ethereum (ETH) blockchain that launched in July 2015. Its main function is as a smart contract network, with the ability to host and support decentralized applications (DApps). Its native token is ETC.

Since its launch, Ethereum Classic has sought to differentiate itself from Ethereum, with the two networks’ technical roadmap diverging further and further from each other with time.

Ethereum Classic first set out to preserve the integrity of the existing Ethereum blockchain after a major hacking event led to the theft of 3.6 million ETH.