Decred

A Deep Dive Into How the Top 10 DAOs Work

## डिक्रेड (DCR) क्या है?

डिक्रेड (DCR) फरवरी 2016 में लॉन्च की गयी ब्लॉकचैन आधारित क्रिप्टोकरेंसी है। डिक्रेड टोकन और प्रोटोकॉल पारदर्शी शासन, सामुदायिक संपर्क और स्थायी वित्त पोषण नीतियों की सुविधा देने के लिए बनाए गए थे।

[आधिकारिक श्वेत पत्र](https://docs.decred.org/) के अनुसार, डिक्रेड इस तरह से बनाया गया था कि समुदाय ही प्रोटोकॉल के संबंध में किए गए सभी लेनदेन और परिवर्तनों को मंजूरी देगा। इसलिए, बड़े डिक्रेड धारकों के लिए प्रोटोकॉल के संचालन में हेरफेर करने का कोई तरीका नहीं है। डिक्रेड [बिटकोइन](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/currencies/bitcoin/) से काफी प्रभावित था और इसमें मूल क्रिप्टोकरेंसी के कई अंतर्निहित सिद्धांतों का उपयोग किया गया।

### डिक्रेड के संस्थापक कौन हैं?

डिक्रेड के निर्माण के पीछे की मुख्य प्रेरक शक्ति 'कंपनी 0' नामक उद्यम है। इसका मिशन बेहतर व्यक्तिगत डेटा सुरक्षा बनाने और परियोजनाओं के लिए संगठनात्मक स्वतंत्रता लाने के लिए [ब्लॉकचैन](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/blockchain) तकनीक की क्षमताओं का उपयोग करना है।

[जेक योकॉम-पियाट](https://twitter.com/behindtext?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor) कंपनी 0 के संस्थापक और सीईओ हैं। वर्तमान में, वह डिक्रेड प्रोजेक्ट के लिए प्रोजेक्ट लीड के रूप में काम कर रहे हैं। क्रिप्टोकरेंसी और ब्लॉकचैन टेक्नोलॉजी के साथ उनकी भागीदारी दस वर्षों से अधिक समय के अंतराल में फैली हुई है। जेक योकोम-पियाट द्वारा लिखित कोड का उपयोग कई बिटकॉइन-संबंधित परियोजनाओं की संरचना में किया गया है, जिसमें [लाइटनिंग नेटवर्क](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/lightning-network) डेमॉन का निर्माण भी शामिल है।

[मार्को पीरेबूम](https://www.linkedin.com/in/marco-peereboom-9a32b6137/) कंपनी 0 के मुख्य तकनीकी अधिकारी हैं। वह डिक्रेड परियोजना पर कई टीमों के प्रत्यक्ष पर्यवेक्षक हैं, इन टीमों में विकास, सुरक्षा और बुनियादी ढांचा शामिल है। पीरेबूम के करियर में डेल जैसी कंपनियों में पद शामिल हैं, जहां वे एक वरिष्ठ वास्तुकार के पद पर काम करते थे। वे कंपनी 0 में पांच साल से अधिक समय से है, और क्रिप्टोकरेंसी के सफल लॉन्च के लिए डिक्रेड प्रोजेक्ट के साथ उनकी भागीदारी आवश्यक है।

### वो क्या है जो डिक्रेड को खास बनाता है?

डिक्रेड एक अभिनव परियोजना है क्योंकि यह परियोजना में मतदान की स्थिति पर एकाधिकार को रोकने के लिए ब्लॉकचैन प्रौद्योगिकी के विकेन्द्रीकृत प्रकृति का उपयोग करता है। डिक्रेड प्रोटोकॉल के मुख्य लक्ष्यों में से एक यह सुनिश्चित करना है कि सभी DCR धारकों के पास निर्णय लेने की शक्ति समान रहे और बड़े संस्थान अपने पक्ष में वोट नहीं बदल पाएँ।

टिकट-धारक वोटिंग की शुरुआत करके, डिक्रेड यह सुनिश्चित करता है कि जिन लोगों के पास पर्याप्त DCR है, उन्हें कंपनी/टोकन के भविष्य और संचालन के संबंध में वोटों में भाग लेने का एकसमान अवसर मिलेगा। डिक्रेड ने पोलिटिया नामक एक समर्पित मतदान मंच भी बनाया है, जो उपयोगकर्ताओं को वोटों में भाग लेने, प्रस्ताव जमा करने और चर्चा शुरू करने की क्षमता देता है।

इतना ही नहीं, बल्कि उन वोटिंग अधिकारों को सुनिश्चित करने के लिए, डिक्रेड एक हाइब्रिड सर्वसम्मति तंत्र को नियोजित कर रहा है, जो प्रूफ़-ऑफ़-वर्क ([PoW](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-work-pow)) और प्रूफ़-ऑफ़-स्टेक मॉडल ([PoS](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-stake-pos)) दोनों को जोड़ती है।

#### संबन्धित पेज:

[XRP](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/currencies/xrp/) के बारे में और जानें।

[कर्व डीएओ टोकन](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/currencies/curve-dao-token/) चेक आउट करें।

[विकेंद्रीकृत नेटवर्क](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/how-decentralized-are-decentralized-networks) के बारे में अधिक जानें।

[CoinMarketCap ब्लॉग](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/blog) पर अधिक जानकारी पाएँ।

### कितने डिक्रेड (DCR) कोइन्स प्रचलन में हैं?

डिक्रेड की योजना कुल 21,000,000 टोकन जारी करने की है। वर्तमान में, प्रचलन में लगभग इन टोकनों का 60% आगया है।

21 मिलियन टोकन्स में से, प्रोटोकॉल के लॉन्च से पहले 8% का खनन कर लिया गया था। पूर्व-खनन किए गए इन सिक्कों में से आधे प्रारंभिक एयरड्रॉप की ओर गए, जबकि बचे हुए आधे हिस्से को प्रोटोकॉल के विकास के दौरान कंपनी 0 द्वारा झेली गयी लागतों को कवर करने के लिए वितरित किया गया था।

प्रारंभिक एयरड्रॉप को इच्छुक पार्टियों को मुफ्त डिक्रेड (DCR) टोकन देकर पुरस्कृत करने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया था। उन प्रतिभागियों के बीच टोकन वितरित किए गए जिन्होंने पहले से एयरड्रॉप इवेंट के लिए पंजीकरण कराया था।

### डिक्रेड नेटवर्क कैसे सुरक्षित है?

डिक्रेड एक हाइब्रिड PoW/PoS सर्वसम्मति तंत्र का उपयोग करता है, जो दो सबसे लोकप्रिय सर्वसम्मति मॉडल की विशेषताओं को जोड़ता है। क्रिप्टोकरेंसी ब्लॉकचैन पर नए ब्लॉकों का खनन करने के लिए प्रूफ़-ऑफ़-वर्क ([PoW](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-work-pow)) का उपयोग करती है; हालांकि, एक सफल खनन ऑपरेशन के बाद खनिकों को केवल इनाम का 60% मिलता है।

वोटिंग संगठन में प्रूफ़-ऑफ़-स्टेक ([PoS](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-stake-pos)) सर्वसम्मति का उपयोग किया जाता है, और यह उपयोगकर्ताओं को टिकट-धारक मतदान प्रणाली में भाग लेने की क्षमता देता है। PoS सर्वसम्मति का उपयोग करने वाले मतदाताओं को ब्लॉक इनाम का 30% प्राप्त होता है।

शेष 10% ब्लॉक पुरस्कार [डिक्रेड ट्रेजरी](https://dcrdata.decred.org/address/Dcur2mcGjmENx4DhNqDctW5wJCVyT3Qeqkx) में संग्रहीत किए जाते हैं। डिक्रेड अक्सर पोलिटिया चर्चा की मेजबानी करता है और यह निर्णय लेता है कि डिक्रेड ट्रेजरी से फंड किस प्रकार खर्च किए जाने चाहिए।

### आप डिक्रेड (DCR) कहाँ से खरीद सकते हैं?

डिक्रेड (DCR) के लिए सबसे बड़ा मार्केटप्लेस [बाईनेंस](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/binance/), जिसका DCR/BTC ट्रेड वॉल्यूम 2,493,254 अमेरिकी डॉलर है। DCR/USDT लेनदेन के लिए सबसे लोकप्रिय क्रिप्टोकरेंसी एक्सचेंज भी बाईनेंस है।

डिक्रेड ट्रेडिंग के अन्य अच्छे विकल्पों में [हुओबी ग्लोबल](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/huobi-global/), [योबिट](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/yobit/), [बिटएसेट](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/bitasset/) और [ओकेएक्स](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/okex/) शामिल हैं। यह नोट करना महत्वपूर्ण है कि हर प्रकार के निवेश की तरह क्रिप्टोकरेंसी ट्रेडिंग में जोखिम होता है।

क्रिप्टोकरेंसी खरीदने के बारे में [और पढ़ें](https://coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/)।

यहां कुछ अन्य लेख दिए गए हैं, जिनमें आपकी रुचि हो सकती है:

* [Crypto Faucet क्या है?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-a-crypto-faucet)
* [क्रिप्टो डेबिट कार्ड क्या हैं?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-are-crypto-debit-cards)
* [वेब 3.0 क्या है?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-web-3-0)
* [यील्ड फार्मिंग(Yield Farming) क्या है?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-yield-farming)
* [क्रिप्टो ऋण(Crypto Lending) क्या है?](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-crypto-lending)

Binance

Ledger

Trezor

Trust Wallet

Math Wallet

Exodus

Atomic wallet

Qtum (pronounced ‘“quantum”)  is a proof-of-stake (PoS) smart contract open-source blockchain platform and value transfer protocol. It aims to bring together the strengths of Bitcoinand Ethereumin one chain. Qtum is built on Bitcoin's UTXO transaction model, with the added functionality of smart contract execution and DApps. Recently, the platform added support for DeFi applications. As of March 2021, there are more than 20 tokens created on the Qtum blockchain.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Qtum.

The project was announced in March 2016 and held an ICO a year after, in March 2017, which brought its founders $15 million USD. The Qtum main chain was released on Sept.13, 2017. Initially, the Qtum coin was issued as a ETH-20 token, but with the launch of the mainnet, it was converted to native blockchain.

Qtum

ZEN is the governance and utility token for Horizen, a zero-knowledge-enabled network of blockchains powered by the largest node infrastructure in the industry. Blockchain interoperability is enabled by the Zendoo protocol, which uses SNARK-verification and allows for complete flexibility in sidechain type, consensus, and speed. Cryptographic verification of networked chains offers massive scale, and the network currently supports up to 10,000 sidechains with a throughput limit of 10,000,000 TPS.

Zendoo makes Horizen a permissionless network of blockchains. Developers can deploy their blockchains within the ecosystem using a variety of SDKs. In 2023, the ecosystem team launched Horizen EON, a public proof-of-stake sidechain and an EVM-compatible smart contracting platform that allows developers to efficiently build and deploy dapps on the Horizen ecosystem, while benefiting from the Ethereum ecosystem. Since going live with Horizen EON, DeFi projects including SpookySwap, Ascent Exchange, and Yuzu have successfully integrated into the Horizen ecosystem. Get started on Horizen EON today!

Horizen's native cryptocurrency, ZEN, is a mineable PoW coin currently trading on major exchanges, including Coinbase and Binance. ZEN can be staked to participate in Horizen's nearly 50,000 full node network.

While ZEN was previously a privacy token, following ZenIP 42204 in June of 2023, the network removed its existing privacy features in favor of moving towards a vision of adaptability and responsible, scalable growth.

Horizen

Zcash is a decentralized cryptocurrency focused on privacy and anonymity. It uses the zk-SNARK zero-knowledge proof technology that allows nodes on the network to verify transactions without revealing any sensitive information about those transactions.

Contrary to a common misunderstanding, the majority of cryptocurrencies on the market, including Bitcoin (BTC), are not anonymous, but rather pseudonymous; while they do not explicitly reveal the identities of their users, each user has their own public address or addresses which can be traced back to them via the methods of data science and blockchain forensics.

Zcash transactions, on the other hand, still have to be relayed via a public blockchain, but unlike pseudonymous cryptocurrencies, ZEC transactions by default do not reveal the sending and receiving addresses or the amount being sent. There is an option, however, to reveal this data for the purposes of auditing or regulatory compliance.

Zcash was first released on October 28, 2016, and it was originally based on Bitcoin’s codebase.

Zcash

Dash is an open-source blockchain and cryptocurrency focused on offering a fast, cheap global payments network that is decentralized in nature. According to the project's white paper, Dash seeks to improve upon Bitcoin (BTC) by providing stronger privacy and faster transactions.

Dash, whose name comes from "digital cash," was launched in January 2014 as a fork of Litecoin (LTC). Since going live, Dash has grown to include features such as a two-tier network with incentivized nodes, including "masternodes," and decentralized project governance; InstantSend, which allows for instantly settled payments; ChainLocks, which makes the Dash blockchain instantly immutable; and PrivateSend, which offers additional optional privacy for transactions.

Dash

NEM is a blockchain platform that was launched in March of 2015. It was one of the pioneers of the cryptocurrency industry, and sought to improve on the imperfections found on other chains at the time. It was one of the first non-turing complete chains to feature user-defined tokens (called mosaics), namespaces, multisignature accounts, and a P2P reputation system based on EigenTrust++. Its most notable contribution to the space is the proof-of-importance consensus mechanism, which sought to reward on-chain activity and deter the concentration of wealth commonly associated with proof-of-stake. Its client, NIS, is written in Java.

NEM has a global community. It sees the most utility as an alternative form of payment for businesses and vendors, and has a variety of social media apps built on top of it in Japan, such as nemgraph, a community-driven owned and operated alternative to Instagram.

In December 2021, NEM was hard forked by a pseudonymous team of cryptocurrency experts and enthusiasts alike. Titled Harlock, this hard fork signaled the community’s intent to take NEM from a shadow of its former self into the world’s leading payments platform for on-chain and off-chain media content.

Waves is a multi-purpose blockchain platform which supports various use cases including decentralized applications (DApps) and smart contracts.

Launched in June 2016 following one of the cryptocurrency industry’s earliest initial coin offerings (ICO), Waves initially set out to improve on the first blockchain platforms by increasing speed, utility and user-friendliness.

The platform has undergone various changes and added new spin-off features to build on its original design.

Waves’ native token is WAVES, an uncapped supply token used for standard payments such as block rewards.

Waves

Compound is a DeFi lending protocol that allows users to earn interest on their cryptocurrencies by depositing them into one of several pools supported by the platform.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Compound.

When a user deposits tokens to a Compound pool, they receive cTokens in return. These cTokens represent the individual’s stake in the pool and can be used to redeem the underlying cryptocurrency initially deposited into the pool at any time. For example, by depositing ETH into a pool, you will receive cETH in return. Over time, the exchange rate of these cTokens to the underlying asset increases, which means you can redeem them for more of the underlying asset than you initially put in — this is how the interest is distributed.

On the flip side, borrowers can take a secured loan from any Compound pool by depositing collateral. The maximum loan-to-value (LTV) ratio varies based on the collateral asset, but currently ranges from 50 to 75%. The interest rate paid varies by borrowed asset and borrowers can face automatic liquidation if their collateral falls below a specific maintenance threshold.

Since the launch of the Compound mainnet in September 2018, the platform has skyrocketed in popularity, and recently passed more than $800 million in total locked value.

Compound

Gnosis is a collective of aligned projects revolutionizing payments infrastructure to make decentralized financial tools accessible and usable for all. The Gnosis ecosystem is underpinned by Gnosis Chain, a highly secure, resilient, and decentralized EVM Layer 1 network and also includes the venture-building arms, Gnosis Studio and GnosisVC, the developer, investor, and incubator of a host of leading decentralized solutions.

These projects are creating a radically inclusive infrastructure helping bridge the gap between blockchain technology and practical, everyday applications/use cases.

Gnosis

Apps use ICON to operate cross-chain seamlessly, build momentum and gain reputation. ICON's Cross-Chain Framework simplifies cross-chain development with its easy-to-use xCall messaging standard and connections to secure bridging protocols.

ICON

Developed by leading Korean IT company Kakao, Klaytn is a global Layer 1 public blockchain designed to power tomorrow’s on-chain world. With the lowest transaction latency amongst leading blockchains, enterprise-grade reliability, and a developer-friendly environment, Klaytn provides a seamless experience for users and developers that is second to none. Since its launch in June 2019, Klaytn has been accelerating blockchain mass adoption through a broad array of use cases from DeFi to real-world assets, entertainment and gaming, and even the Bank of Korea’s CBDC pilot project. Today, it is one of the only globally competitive Web 3.0 ecosystems developed in South Korea, generating more than 1 billion transactions from over 300 decentralized applications.

Klaytn

Celo is a carbon-negative, permissionless, blockchain with a rich ecosystem of global partners building innovative Web3 dapps to support a more inclusive financial system. Accessible to anyone with a mobile phone, the Celo ecosystem consists of a decentralized, proof-of-stake blockchain technology stack (the Celo platform), CELO governance asset, and several Mento stable assets (cUSD, cEUR, cREAL) that allow for real-world users to use digital assets. The open source Celo mainnet launched on Earth Day 2020.  The Celo community passed an indicative on-chain governance proposal (temperature check) to have Celo migrate to an Ethereum layer-2.  Google Cloud, Deutsche Telekom, Telefonica, and many others run validators on the Celo Platform.  Today, the Platform supports 1,000+ projects in over 150 countries are building on Celo to, helping to create the conditions of prosperity for all.  For more information, please visit Celo.org.

Celo

0x is an infrastructure protocol that allows users to easily trade ERC20 tokens and other assets on the many different blockchains (including Ethereum) without relying on centralized intermediaries. It is a protocol for decentralized exchange.

0x achieves this decentralized exchange functionality using a collection of open-source, publicly auditable smart contracts that work together to produce a flexible, low-friction trading protocol that developers can easily weave into their products.

The protocol is used by companies building web3 apps such as wallets, DEXes, portfolio trackes, and others. It is a used by hundreds of developers for their projects. The protocol has facilitates over $200B in trading volume since its inception. One can track its usage in its dedicated https://explorer.0x.org/.

The protocol is powered by an ERC20 governance token known as ZRX. ZRX holders can participate in protocol governance, having direct power over protocol changes and its community treasury.

0x Protocol

Yearn.finance is an aggregator service for decentralized finance (DeFi) investors, using automation to allow them to maximize profits from yield farming.

Its goal is to simplify the ever-expanding DeFi space for investors who are not technically minded or who wish to interact in a less committal manner than serious traders.

Launched in February 2020, the service, formerly known as iEarn, has seen huge growth in recent months as new products debuted and developers released in-house token YFI.

yearn.finance

Self-described as "Polkadot's wild cousin," Kusama is an experimental blockchain platform that is designed to provide a massively interoperable and scalable framework for developers.

Kusama is built on Substrate — a blockchain building kit developed by Parity Technologies. Kusama has almost the same codebase as Polkadot — one of the most successful interoperable blockchains.

By deploying on Kusama, fast-paced projects gain access to a highly scalable, interoperable sharded network, with features that are not yet available on Polkadot. To that end, Kusama describes itself as a “canary network.”

The platform is designed to provide a testbed for developers looking to innovate and deploy their own blockchain and can be used as a preparatory network before launching on Polkadot — though many projects opt to stick with Kusama for their final product.

Kusama benefits from a low barrier to entry for deploying parachains, low bond requirements for validators, and is most commonly used by early-stage startups and for experimentation.

Kusama

Ontology is a project designed to bring trust, privacy, and security to Web3 through decentralized identity and data solutions. It is building the infrastructure to provide trusted access to Web3, allowing individuals and enterprises to rest assured that through regulatory compliant digital identity solutions, users and their privacy come first.

The Ontology blockchain is a high speed, low cost public blockchain. It is designed to bring decentralized identity and data solutions to Web3, with the goal of increasing privacy, transparency, and trust. To achieve this, users and enterprises are provided with the flexibility to build blockchain-based solutions that suit their needs, while also ensuring regulatory compliance. Through Ontology’s Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), Ontology ensures frictionless compatibility with Ethereum, the first step in the creation of the Ontology Multi-Virtual Machine and further interoperability for the chain.

At its launch, Ontology chose to forego the popular initial coin offering (ICO) model in favor of a series of community distributions and airdrops of its ONT cryptocurrency.

This helped to quickly establish both organic price discovery and a passionate community and helped the project to avoid subsequent regulatory scrutiny.

For example, for a brief period any person who signed up for the Ontology newsletter received an airdrop of free 1,000 ONT, which reached a value of $10 per token soon after the token became listed on major exchanges like Binance.

Ontology launched its own MainNet on June 30, 2018 and has been up and running smoothly since.

Ontology

Lisk is striving to on-board 100,000,000 users into crypto and web3 by offering an accessible blockchain application platform and an industry leading JavaScript SDK.

Released in 2019, the Lisk SDK enables developers to build application-specific blockchains entirely in JavaScript, the most widely used programming language in the world. To get a deep-dive into the Lisk SDK, please visit the Lisk SDK documentation or watch Lisk.js 2019 and Lisk.js 2022.

To be released in 2022, the Lisk blockchain application platform allows interoperability between all application-specific blockchains built with the Lisk SDK. With other words, users will be able to use DeFi, NFT or Metaverse blockchain applications on Lisk.

To better understand why Lisk is important watch the following videos: The Case for Lisk and The Ultimate Vision for Lisk.

If you are curious about Lisk’s history and journey, watch Looking Back on Lisk.

The Lisk project is managed by the Lisk Foundation, a non-profit entity based in Zug, Switzerland. A local team of experts specialized in law and finance, as well as yearly audits, ensure the proper handling of funds and regulatory compliance under the supervision of the Swiss Federal Foundation Supervisory Authority (ESA, Eidgenössische Stiftungsaufsicht).

The Lisk products are developed by the Lightcurve GmbH, a Berlin based blockchain studio. With a team of over 40 blockchain experts, Lightcurve is researching, developing and promoting the Lisk SDK and the Lisk blockchain application platform.

Lisk

Bitcoin Gold was founded in 2017 to become a user-friendly alternative to Bitcoin. The BTG network aims to combine the security and sturdiness of the Bitcoin blockchain and its characteristics with the opportunity for experimentation and development.

BTG enhances and extends the crypto space with a blockchain closely compatible with Bitcoin but without using resources like Bitcoin hash power or vying for the "real Bitcoin" title. The company aims to present a coin with the implementation capabilities of Bitcoin, however, expanding on the opportunities for DeFi and DApp developers to use the coin.

Bitcoin Gold

Basic Attention Token, or BAT, is the token that powers a new blockchain-based digital advertising platform designed to fairly reward users for their attention, while providing advertisers with a better return on their ad spend.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Basic Attention Token.

This experience is delivered through the Brave Browser, where users can watch privacy-preserving adverts and receive BAT rewards for doing so. On the other hand, advertisers can deliver targeted ads to maximize engagement and cut down losses due to ad fraud and abuse.

The Basic Attention Token itself is the unit of reward in this advertising ecosystem, and is exchanged between advertisers, publishers and users. Advertisers pay for their advertising campaigns in BAT tokens. Out of this budget, a small portion is distributed to advertisers, while 70% is distributed to users — whereas the intermediaries that typically drive up advertising costs are cut out of the equation to improve cost-efficiency.

Basic Attention Token launched in 2017 following one of the fastest sell-out initial coin offerings (ICOs) of all time, with the platform raising a total of $35 million in under a minute. Since then, it has rolled out its attention-based advertising experience to users in most countries through its Brave Rewards program.

As of November 2020, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada had the most active advertising campaigns.