## Celer Network (CELR) क्या है?

ब्लॉकचेन जितना रोमांचक है, यह लेन-देन की गति और थ्रूपुट के लिए बहुत कुछ छोड़ रहा है। सेलर नेटवर्क ([CELR](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/currencies/celer-network/)) एक चतुराई से डिज़ाइन किया गया लेयर-2 [स्केलिंग समाधान](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/scaling-solution) है जो ऑफ-चेन लेनदेन से निपटने की सुविधा प्रदान करता है। सेलर प्लेटफ़ॉर्म भुगतान और [स्मार्ट कॉन्ट्रैक्ट](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/smart-contract) दोनों के लिए तेज़, सरल और सुरक्षित ऑफ़-चेन लेनदेन प्रदान करता है। यह प्रोजेक्ट सबसे पहले सब्सट्रेट ढांचे का उपयोग करके विकसित की गई थी और यह [पोल्काडॉट](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/currencies/polkadot-new/) इकोसिस्टम का हिस्सा है। नेटवर्क के समग्र लक्ष्य के रूप में, इसके संस्थापकों ने ब्लॉकचैन की पूरी क्षमता को उजागर करने और अधिक कुशल और उत्पादक आउटपुट के साथ [Dapps](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/decentralized-applications-dapps)में क्रांतिकारी बदलाव की कल्पना की।

इस प्रोजेक्ट के बारे में अधिक जानने के लिए, [Celer Network](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-celer) के हमारे डीप डाइव को देखें।

### सेलर नेटवर्क आर्किटेक्चर

सेलर नेटवर्क आर्किटेक्चर (cStack) चार तत्वों पर बनाया गया है:

1. cOS: नेटवर्क का कोर जो वर्कफ़्लो प्रदान करता है।

2. cRoute: एक तंत्र जो नेटवर्क के भीतर मार्गों को सुव्यवस्थित करके एक बढ़ी हुई संचालन क्षमता की अनुमति देता है।

3. cChannel: नेटवर्क के भीतर लेनदेन प्रसारित करने के लिए चैनल।

4. cApps: स्केलिंग और उपयोगकर्ता गोपनीयता के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली एक इकोसिस्टम अनुप्रयोग परत।

प्लेटफ़ॉर्म एक प्रूफ-ऑफ-स्टेक ([PoS](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/delegated-proof-of-stake-dpos)) सर्वसम्मति भिन्नता का उपयोग करता है जिसे डेलिगेटेड प्रूफ ऑफ़ स्टेक ([DPoS](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/delegated-proof-of-stake-dpos)) कहा जाता है। इस एल्गोरिथम के साथ, प्रतिभागी "प्रतिनिधियों" को लेनदेन को मान्य करने की जिम्मेदारी हस्तांतरित करते हुए अपने सिक्कों को एक इनाम के लिए स्टेक पर लगा सकते हैं।

CELR धारक तरलता के लिए टोकन प्रदान करेंगे और ऐसा करने पर उन्हें एक इनाम मिलेगा। सेलर का मुख्य बिंदु यह है कि प्लेटफ़ॉर्म किसी भी ब्लॉकचेन के लिए लेयर -2 स्केलिंग की अनुमति देता है। इस प्रकार, प्रोजेक्ट बाजार के एक विस्तृत स्पेक्ट्रम को कवर करती है, तरलता क्षमता को बढ़ाती है, और उत्पाद की विश्वसनीयता, कवरेज और अनुकूलन को बढ़ाती है।

### सेलर नेटवर्क किसने बनाया?

सेलर नेटवर्क की स्थापना 2018 में अविश्वसनीय तकनीकी और विशेष अनुभव वाले इंजीनियरों की एक मजबूत टीम द्वारा की गई थी। सेलर के सभी चार सह-संस्थापक MIT और UC बर्कली जैसे विश्वविद्यालयों से कंप्यूटर साइंस में पीएचडी रखते हैं, और सभी का हाई-प्रोफाइल टेक कंपनियों के साथ काम करने का इतिहास है।

* डॉ मो डोंग एल्गोरिथम गेम थ्योरी और प्रोटोकॉल विकास के अनुप्रयोग में एक बोनिफाइड विशेषज्ञ हैं। वह स्मार्ट अनुबंधों पर व्यापक पाठ्यक्रम भी पढ़ाते हैं। उन्होंने पहले वेरिफ्लो में एक डेवलपमेंट इंजीनियर और प्रोडक्ट प्रबंधक के रूप में काम किया था।
* डॉ. जुंडा लियू ने यूसी बर्कले से स्नातक की उपाधि प्राप्त की और डेटा केंद्र के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा तैयार करने के लिए 2011 में Google के साथ काम किया। 2014 में, वह Project Fi मोबाइल सेवा के संस्थापकों में से एक बने। उसके बाद, उन्होंने Android Tech में तकनीकी प्रबंधक का पद संभाला।
* डॉ. जिआओझोउ ली ने प्रिंसटन में अपनी शिक्षा प्राप्त की। एक सॉफ्टवेयर इंजीनियर के रूप में बेयरफुट नेटवर्क्स में काम करने से पहले ली ने माइक्रोसॉफ्ट में इंटर्नशिप की। आज, उनके प्रकाशित और व्यापक रूप से पढ़े जाने वाले अकादमिक कार्यों में डिस्ट्रिब्यूटेड सिस्टम, नेटवर्क, स्टोरेज और डेटा प्रबंधन शामिल हैं।
* डॉ. क़िंगकाई लियांग के पास एमआईटी से डिग्री है। उन्होंने सूचना और निर्णय प्रणाली के लिए MIT प्रयोगशाला (LIDS), बेल लैब्स और Google में एक सॉफ्टवेयर इंजीनियरिंग इंटर्न के रूप में काम किया है। उनका शोध नेटवर्क सिस्टम में समस्याओं को सीखने और नियंत्रित करने पर केंद्रित है, अर्थात् प्रतिकूल नेटवर्क में ऑनलाइन लर्निंग एल्गोरिदम।

### क्या बनता है Celer Network (CELR) को सबसे अलग?

Celer एक नेटवर्क सिस्टम है न कि एक अलग ब्लॉकचेन। इसके बजाय मंच मौजूदा और भविष्य के ब्लॉकचेन के शीर्ष पर चलता है। क्रिप्टो ब्लॉकचेन के थ्रूपुट को बेहतर बनाने के लिए डेवलपर्स ने स्केलेबिलिटी पर ध्यान केंद्रित किया। संस्थापकों को विश्वास है कि इन-हाउस समाधान भविष्य के डीसेंट्रलाइज़्ड ब्लॉकचेन (विश्व स्तर पर) के लिए परिणाम नहीं लाएंगे। इसके बजाय, वे अपने ऑफ-चेन प्लेटफॉर्म के साथ समस्या को हल करने का प्रस्ताव करते हैं।

कई अद्वितीय लाभ प्रदान करने के लिए cStack आर्किटेक्चर के चार स्तरों को समान रूप से विभाजित किया गया है। लाभों में शामिल हैं: कम लेनदेन विलंब; सूक्ष्म भुगतान के लिए कमीशन में कमी; ऑफ-चेन स्मार्ट कॉन्ट्रैक्ट के संचालन में शून्य कमीशन; नए नोड्स में शामिल होने में क्षैतिज स्केलिंग; क्रिप्टो अर्थशास्त्र के एक ऑफ-चेन मॉडल की उपलब्धता; लेनदेन के लिए एक इष्टतम रूटिंग एल्गोरिदम; और विभिन्न ब्लॉकचेन के लिए समर्थन।

अर्थव्यवस्था एक अद्वितीय क्रिप्टो आर्थिक मॉडल है जो नेटवर्क प्रभाव पैदा करते हुए इकोसिस्टम के लिए स्थिर तरलता और उपलब्धता बनाए रखने के लिए जिम्मेदार है। माइनिंग एल्गोरिथ्म को [प्रूफ-ऑफ-वर्क](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/proof-of-work-vs-proof-of-stake) (PoW) के उपयोग की आवश्यकता नहीं है। तरलता प्रदान करने के लिए पुरस्कार के रूप में आय प्राप्त करने के लिए उपयोगकर्ताओं को केवल सॉफ्टवेयर स्थापित करने और CELR को अपने खातों में रखने की आवश्यकता है।

#### संबन्धित पेज:

[Binance Coin (BNB)](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/currencies/binance-coin/) और [Polkadot (DOT)](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/currencies/polkadot-new/) के बारे में पढ़ें।

[स्मार्ट कॉन्ट्रैक्ट के बारे में और पढ़ें।](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/smart-contract)

ERC-20 टोकन क्या हैं? CMC अलेक्जेंड्रिया के साथ और जानें।

CoinMarketCap [से](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/blog) प्रोडक्ट अपडेट, घोषणाएं और क्रिप्टो समाचार देखें।

### कितने CELR कॉइन प्रचलन में हैं?

सीईएलआर की अधिकतम 10 अरब टोकन की आपूर्ति है, जिसे निम्नानुसार वितरित किया जाता है: 25% - पीओएलसी माइनिंग पुरस्कार और ऑफ-चेन इकोसिस्टम निर्माण; 20% - टीम (18.3%) और सलाहकार (1.7%); 17% - फाउंडेशन; 5% - मार्केटिंग और इकोसिस्टम 33% - बिक्री।

CELR [ईथीरियम](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/currencies/ethereum/) ब्लॉकचैन पर निर्मित एक [ERC-20](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/erc-20) मानक टोकन है। इसका उपयोग नेटवर्क अर्थव्यवस्था को प्रबंधित करने के लिए किया जाता है - cEconomy और इसके कई उपयोग हैं:

* ऑफ-चेन प्रदाताओं को सेवा और लेनदेन के लिए कमीशन शुल्क का भुगतान करना और अतिरिक्त लागतों को कवर करना।
* CELR को स्टेट गार्जियन नेटवर्क (SGN) में स्टेकिंग करना और स्टेट गार्जियन का दर्जा हासिल करना। स्टेट गार्जियन के पास स्थिति की निगरानी, विवादों का जवाब देने और सुरक्षा और नेटवर्क दक्षता प्रदान करने की पहुंच है।
* CELR टोकन प्रूफ ऑफ लिक्विडिटी कमिटमेंट (PoLC) प्रक्रिया में तरलता का एक बड़ा पूल बनाए रखते हैं।
* CELR टोकन लिक्विडिटी बैकिंग ऑक्शन (LiBA) में उपयोगी हो सकते हैं ताकि लिक्विडिटी समर्थन के लिए आवेदनों की प्राथमिकता को बढ़ाया जा सके और परिणामस्वरूप, लिक्विडिटी पर ब्याज के भुगतान में वृद्धि की जा सके।

### सेलर नेटवर्क कैसे सुरक्षित है?

SGN (स्टेट गार्जियन नेटवर्क) एक विकेन्द्रीकृत L2 सर्विस इंफ्रास्ट्रक्चर है जो Celer L2 प्लेटफॉर्म को सुचारू रूप से चालू रखता है। यह सेलर स्टेट चैनल नेटवर्क पर उपयोगकर्ता की स्थिति को सुरक्षित रूप से संग्रहीत करता है और उपयोगकर्ताओं के ऑफ़लाइन होने पर L1 गणनाओं का जवाब देता है। इसके अलावा, प्रौद्योगिकी उपयोगकर्ताओं को ऑफ़लाइन जाने से पहले अपनी बचत की रक्षा करने की अनुमति देती है। यह Celer रोलअप के लिए एक डीसेंट्रलाइज़्ड ब्लॉक निर्माता स्तर के रूप में भी कार्य करता है, इस प्रकार उच्च स्तर की व्यवहार्यता बनाए रखता है और सुरक्षा का एक अतिरिक्त स्तर प्रदान करता है। उपयोगकर्ताओं को SGN में शामिल होने के लिए CELR को दांव पर लगाना आवश्यक है। और CELR धारक समग्र रूप से नेटवर्क की सुरक्षा की सुविधा प्रदान करते हैं।

### आप सेलर नेटवर्क टोकन (सीईएलआर) कहां से खरीद सकते हैं?

Celer Network (CELR) ट्रेडिंग के लिए इन शीर्ष एक्सचेंज पर वर्तमान में उपलब्ध है:-[Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/binance/), [Gate.io](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/gate-io/), [Bithumb](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/bithumb/), [OKEx](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/okex/), [Crypto.com Exchange](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/crypto-com-exchange/), [WazirX](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/wazirx/), [AscendEX (Bitmax)](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/ascendex/), [CoinDCX](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/coindcx/), [MXC.com](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/mxc/), [Bitay](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/bitay/), [DigiFinex](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/digifinex/), [BKEX](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/bkex/), [AEX](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/aex/), [BiKi](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/biki/), [Hotbit](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/hotbit/), [HitBTC](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/hitbtc/), [TOKOK](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/tokok/), [Uniswap V2](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/uniswap-v2/), [TOCENCAN](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/tokencan/), [DragonEX](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/dragonex/) [ZT](https://coinmarketcap.com/hi/exchanges/zt/)।

आप हमारे क्रिप्टो एक्सचेंज पेज पर अन्य लिस्टेड पा सकते हैं।

मार्च 2019 में, CELR टोकन की बिक्री IEO प्लेटफॉर्म, [Binance Launchpad](https://launchpad.binance.com/en) पर हुई। जून 2021 तक, Binance पर CELR के लिए सबसे अधिक तरल व्यापार जोड़े CELR/USDT, CELR/BTC, CELR/BUSD, CELR/BNB हैं।

पता करें कि आपको बिटकॉइन या अन्य क्रिप्टोकरेंसी खरीदने के लिए [यहां](https://coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/https:/coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/) क्या चाहिए।

Celer Network

Binance

HyperPay

Trust Wallet

MetaMask

Binance Chain Wallet

Atomic wallet

Celer is a blockchain interoperability protocol enabling a one-click user experience accessing tokens, DeFi, GameFi, NFTs, governance, privacy solutions.

Ethereum

Shiba Inu

Chainlink

UNUS SED LEO

Pepe

Highstreet

Powerledger

ApeX Protocol

Omni Network

Oraichain

Bazaars

Numeraire

Kyber Network Crystal v2

Zentry

Hippo Wallet Token (HPO)

Gekko HQ

Mini Donald

Fluence

WadzPay Token

Harmony is a blockchain platform designed to facilitate the creation and use of decentralized applications (DApps). The network aims to innovate the way decentralized applications work by focusing on random state sharding, which allows creating blocks in seconds.

According to the project’s website, Harmony is expected to introduce cross-shard contracts and a cross-chain infrastructure by the end of 2021.

Harmony

SKALE, described as a modular blockchain network, is designed to bring scalability to Ethereum. SKALE is the only blockchain network capable of running an unlimited number of fast, on-demand, pooled-security Blockchains with zero gas fees to end users. These individual chains are known as SKALE chains and can be dapp-specific or shared.

The project’s website says it wants to enable people to build and run DApps in a “decentralized modular cloud built for real-world needs and configured for your requirements.” This emphasis on decentralization isn’t at the expense of security.

According to SKALE, those who build on this platform can run Solidity smart contracts “thousands of times faster at a fraction of the mainnet cost” — with games and content streaming services among the projects that already take advantage of its infrastructure.

SKALE

What Is Ankr (ANKR)?

Ankr is a decentralized blockchain infrastructure provider that operates an array of nodes globally distributed across over 50 Proof-of-Stake networks. This infrastructure helps drive the growth of the crypto economy while powering a full suite of multi-chain tools for Web3 users:

Ankr Build
Ankr provides comprehensive blockchain developer solutions, including traditional APIs, a decentralized multi-chain network of public RPC nodes used to access blockchain data and execute code, and tools like Ankr Scan to view on-chain information across blockchains.

Ankr Earn
Ankr Earn makes staking, liquid staking, and other yield-earning opportunities easy and accessible to any crypto investor. Ankr creates the most scalable and decentralized staking infrastructure solution that aims to solve the capital inefficiency of Proof-of-Stake networks and similar blockchain consensus mechanisms.

Ankr Learn
Through Ankr’s learning tools, tutorials, and docs, anyone can become a better user or developer of blockchain-based systems.

Ankr

LRC is the Ethereum-based cryptocurrency token of Loopring, an open protocol designed for the building of decentralized crypto exchanges.

In 2020, the average daily trading volume of the entire cryptocurrency market fluctuated in the approximate range of $50-$200 million. Most of that trading is conducted on centralized cryptocurrency exchanges — online platforms operated by private companies that store users’ funds and facilitate the matching of buy and sell orders.

Such platforms have a number of downsides common to all of them, so a new type of exchange — decentralized— has emerged to try to alleviate these disadvantages. However, fully decentralized exchanges are not without their own flaws.

Loopring’s purported goal is to combine centralized order matching with decentralized on-blockchain order settlement into a hybridized product that will take the best aspects of both centralized and decentralized exchanges.

LRC tokens became available to the public during an initial coin offering (ICO) in August 2017, while the Loopring protocol was first deployed on Ethereum mainnet in December 2019.

Loopring

Zilliqa is a public, permissionless blockchain that is designed to offer high throughput with the ability to complete thousands of transactions per second. It seeks to solve the issue of blockchain scalability and speed by employing sharding as a second-layer scaling solution. The platform is home to many decentralized applications, and as of October 2020, it also allows for staking and yield farming.

Development work officially started on Zilliqa in June 2017, and its testnet went live in March 2018. A little over a year later, in June 2019, the platform launched its mainnet.

The native utility token of Zilliqa, ZIL, is used to process transactions on the network and execute smart contracts.

Zilliqa

Starting as an open-source project in 2017, IoTeX has built a decentralized platform whose aim is to empower the open economics for machines — an open ecosystem where people and machines can interact with guaranteed trust, free will, and under properly designed economic incentives.

With a global team of over 40 research scientists and engineers, IoTeX has built their EVM-compatible blockchain from scratch using the innovative Roll-DPoS consensus and launched in 2019 April, which has been running by 100+ delegates worldwide and has processed more than 10 million transactions already. On top of the IoTeX blockchain, the team has built the essential blocks of infrastructures to connect with Ethereum, BSC, and Heco blockchains such as ioPay wallet (https://iopay.me/) and ioTube bridge (https://iotube.org/), which serve ten thousands of users. IoTeX helps EVM-based DApps scale without concerning expensive gas fees!

Besides, middleware such as Decentralized Identity, Confidential Computing, and Secure Hardware has been built on top of the IoTeX blockchain. This has enabled the creation of self-sovereign devices such as Ucam, and real-world data oracles like Pebble. Ucam (https://ucam.iotex.io/) has been deployed to over 3000 households (http://iott.network/). Meanwhile, Pebble has been launched to more than 300 developers initially, and enables innovative Dapps to connect the physical world with the crypto world, such as real-world NFTs, weather derivatives and machine learning-as-mining.

IoTeX

Reef is a Reliable Extensible Efficient Fast Layer-1 Blockchain for DeFi, NFT & Gaming. Built using Substrate Framework, it provides high scalability, enabling almost instant low-cost transactions, and supports Solidity and EVM, allowing developers to seamlessly migrate their DApps from Ethereum without any change in the codebase.

Reef Chain is the most advanced EVM-compatible blockchain. It's self-upgradable and has on-chain governance. Its infrastructure also allows for EVM extensions which allows for native token bridge, scheduled calls (ie. recurring payments), and smart contract in-place code upgrades. In the near future, it will support additional VMs which will allow developers to write code in multiple programming languages. The network runs on a Nominated Proof-of-Stake (NPoS) consensus mechanism, which offers scalability and low fees.

REEF is the native token that is used for:

Fees for processing transactions and storing data.

Running validator nodes by staking REEF tokens.

Nominating which validator nodes should be part of the network.

Reef is backed by multiple leading funds and venture capitalists including NGC, QCP, Bitcoin.com, Kenetic Capital, LD Capital, TRG Capital, Krypital Group, Genesis Block, Woodstock Fund and others.

Reef Chain development tools include:

Remix and EVM integrated development environments for uploading and deploying smart contracts.

Reefscan blockchain explorer to assist with deploying validators, bonding and nominating validators, debugging contracts, and understanding network performance.

Reef command line tools that allow developers deploy applications from local environments.

Reef wallet for accessing and interacting with the blockchain

Reef

Band Protocol is a cross-chain data oracle platform that is able to take real-world data and supply it to on-chain applications, while also connecting APIs to smart-contracts to facilitate the exchange of information between on-chain and off-chain data sources.

By supplying reputable, verifiable real-world data to blockchains, Band Protocol unlocks a range of new use cases for developers to explore — since they can now use any type of real-world data as part of their decentralized application (DApp) logic, including sports, weather, random numbers, price feed data and more.

Band Protocol initially launched as an ERC-20 project on the Ethereum blockchain in September 2019, but transitioned to the Cosmos network in June 2020 with the release of Band Protocol 2.0. The new protocol is built on BandChain using the Cosmos SDK. Oracle nodes on BandChain not only relay data but are also involved in block production/validation, giving them a dual role.

BAND is the native token of the Band Protocol ecosystem and is used as collateral by validators involved in fulfilling data requests, as well as the main medium of exchange on BandChain — being used to paying for private data.

Band Protocol

Audius is a decentralized music streaming protocol initially built on POA network, but now living on Solana. Audius was launched to remedy the inefficiencies of the music industry, which is plagued by intransparent music rights ownership and intermediaries standing between artists and their audience.

Audius aims to align the interests of artists, fans, and node operators through its platform powered by its native AUDIO token. Artists can upload music, stored and distributed by content and discovery nodes, that fans can listen to for free. Currently, Audius rewards content creators through rewards like featuring in the weekly trending lists. In the future, it plans to integrate stablecoins for artists to offer paid content, as well as artist tokens that give fans the ability to access exclusive content, potentially cooperating with platforms like Rally.

Audius

Oasis is the pioneering layer 1 blockchain designed to enable scalability and confidential compute. Oasis is home to Sapphire, the first confidential EVM that empowers Web3 and Decentralized AI developers to build dApps with Smart Privacy natively on Oasis or other EVM-based chains.

ROSE is the native token of the Oasis Network used for gas fees, staking, delegation and governance. With a unique layered architecture, Oasis presents the optimal building and execution environment for DeFi, AI, GameFi, NFTs, the metaverse, data tokenization and DAO governance. Oasis also has native support for rollups at the consensus layer.

Oasis

Chromia is a modular, relational blockchain platform that aims to make it easy for people to build decentralized applications (DApps). It was founded by ChromaWay, a company that has been working on blockchain solutions since 2014 for various sectors such as finance, real estate, gaming and public services. ChromaWay is also known for creating colored coins, which are user-defined assets on a blockchain that can represent anything from currencies to stocks to collectibles.

Chromia’s vision is to enable a new generation of DApps that can scale beyond what is currently possible and address real-world problems in various domains such as gaming, social media, finance, healthcare, education, governance, and more.

Some examples of DApps on Chromia include: My Neighbor Alice (ALICE), a multiplayer blockchain game; LAC PropertyChain, a land registry system; Green Assets Wallet, a platform for green bond verification; Hedget (HGET),  a decentralized options protocol; Corite (CO), a music streaming service; Chain of Alliance (COA), a strategy game; Vault12, a digital asset custody solution; Domenation, a blockchain gaming project.

Chromia

Ontology is a project designed to bring trust, privacy, and security to Web3 through decentralized identity and data solutions. It is building the infrastructure to provide trusted access to Web3, allowing individuals and enterprises to rest assured that through regulatory compliant digital identity solutions, users and their privacy come first.

The Ontology blockchain is a high speed, low cost public blockchain. It is designed to bring decentralized identity and data solutions to Web3, with the goal of increasing privacy, transparency, and trust. To achieve this, users and enterprises are provided with the flexibility to build blockchain-based solutions that suit their needs, while also ensuring regulatory compliance. Through Ontology’s Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), Ontology ensures frictionless compatibility with Ethereum, the first step in the creation of the Ontology Multi-Virtual Machine and further interoperability for the chain.

At its launch, Ontology chose to forego the popular initial coin offering (ICO) model in favor of a series of community distributions and airdrops of its ONT cryptocurrency.

This helped to quickly establish both organic price discovery and a passionate community and helped the project to avoid subsequent regulatory scrutiny.

For example, for a brief period any person who signed up for the Ontology newsletter received an airdrop of free 1,000 ONT, which reached a value of $10 per token soon after the token became listed on major exchanges like Binance.

Ontology launched its own MainNet on June 30, 2018 and has been up and running smoothly since.

Ontology

Holo is a peer-to-peer distributed platform for hosting decentralized applications built using Holochain, a framework for developing DApps that does not require the use of blockchain technology. The goal of Holo is to serve as a bridge between the broader internet and apps built using Holochain, offering an ecosystem and marketplace in which DApps are easily accessible, as they are hosted on the internet by Holo network participants.

The Holo network will be facilitated using a token called HoloFuel, which is actively being tested and will act as an accounting system to pay hosts for their services. In 2018, the project minted an ERC-20 token, HOT — also known as HoloToken — as an "IOU" that will be redeemable for HoloFuel upon launch.

Holo is still in development and is expected to launch for open alpha and beta testing by 2021.

Holo

COTI is a fast and light confidentiality layer on Ethereum. Powered by the breakthrough cryptographic protocol Garbled Circuits and secured by Ethereum, COTI introduces the most advanced and compliant solution for data protection on the public blockchain. Paving the way for the next wave of Web3 innovation and adoption, COTI unlocks a whole new world of use cases, including confidential transactions, Artificial Intelligence, DeFi, decentralized identification, and more.

COTI

Ren (REN) is an open protocol built to provide interoperability and liquidity between different blockchain platforms.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Ren.

Formerly known as Republic Protocol, Ren launched RenVM, its virtual machine mainnet, in May 2020, having completed a $34 million initial coin offering (ICO) in 2018.

The protocol’s native token, REN, functions as a bond for those running nodes which power RenVM, known as Darknodes.

Ren aims to expand the interoperability, and hence accessibility, of decentralized finance (DeFi) by removing hurdles involved in liquidity between blockchains.

IOST describes itself as an “ultra-fast,” fully fledged and decentralized blockchain network and ecosystem with its own nodes, wallets and based on the “next-generation” consensus protocol dubbed “proof-of-believability.”

IOST

Fantom is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) smart contract platform providing decentralized finance (DeFi) services to developers using its own bespoke consensus algorithm.

Together with its in-house token FTM, Fantom aims to solve problems associated with smart-contract platforms, specifically transaction speed, which developers say they have reduced to under two seconds.

The Fantom Foundation, which oversees the Fantom product offering, was originally created in 2018, with the launch of OPERA, Fantom’s mainnet, coming in December 2019.

Fantom is an open-source decentralized smart contract platform for DApps and digital assets that was created as an alternative to Ethereum. Fantom has the goal of overcoming the limitations of previous generation blockchains and balancing three components: scalability, security and decentralization. The project offers a set of tools to simplify the process of integrating existing DApps, as well as a detailed staking reward system and built-in DeFi instruments.

Fantom is a Layer-1 blockchain that uses a scratch-built consensus mechanism and independent consensus layer, Lachesis, to facilitate DeFi and related services on the basis of smart contracts. Lachesis provides security for other layers as well, including Opera, Fantom's EVM-compatible smart contract chain. The long-playing mission of the project is to “grant compatibility between all transaction bodies around the world.”

One of Fantom's key strengths is its performance and efficient transaction processing, namely thousands of transactions per second, where transactions are settled in 1-2 seconds, and the cost is fractions of a cent per transaction. As a result, Fantom provides higher scalability but at a lower cost.

The ecosystem is based on two main technologies: Lachesis protocol and Opera.

The Lachesis protocol is the core consensus layer that secures the Fantom network by providing both transaction speed and security.

Lachesis is an aBFT consensus engine that uses a directed acyclic graph (DAG) algorithm. How it works: network data can be processed at different times, and the network filters the participants, allowing only one third, which are allocated due to erroneous or malicious behavior, without compromising network processes.

Fantom's Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerant (aBFT) Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism maintains the efficiency of the entire network, its design provides security at maximum speed. Fantom developers emphasize that the PoS mechanism is a leaderless phenomenon — there are no leaders of blocks and participants, and anyone can join (or leave) the network of nodes at a convenient moment.

The key qualities of Lachesis are: asynchronous, leaderless, Byzantine fault-tolerant, and near-instant finality.

As for Opera, it's an application development layer or Fantom's mainnet deployment platform, permissionless and open-source hosting DApps. Thanks to EVM integration and support for the Solidity programming language, Fantom has a full set of smart contract capabilities, which allows users to seamlessly interact with Ethereum platforms while maintaining the advantage of Fantom's transaction efficiency.

The Fantom Foundation concluded that removing block leaders improves network security, so Opera uses a PoS model and leaderless validators (validators do not determine which blocks are valid).

In addition to being a fast, secure and cheap payment platform that enables to make fast and secure payments at minimal cost, Fantom also features on-chain governance where users vote with FTM tokens (one token equals one vote). Of the features: users have the right to express the degree of agreement / disagreement on a scale from 0 to 4.

FTM is the native utility in-house PoS token of Fantom that powers the ecosystem and is applied for payments, network fees, staking, and governance. FTM forms the backbone of transactions, and allows fee collection and staking activities, along with the user rewards the latter represents.

Fantom

Reserve Rights (RSR) is an ERC-20 token that will serve two main purposes for the Reserve Protocol: overcollateralization of Reserve stablecoins (RTokens) through staking and governing them through proposing & voting on changes to their configuration.

The Reserve Rights (RSR) token was launched in May 2019 following a successful initial exchange offering (IEO) on the Huobi Prime platform.

Reserve Rights

Apps use ICON to operate cross-chain seamlessly, build momentum and gain reputation. ICON's Cross-Chain Framework simplifies cross-chain development with its easy-to-use xCall messaging standard and connections to secure bridging protocols.

ICON

Launched in 2017, Dent is a revolutionary digital mobile operator offering eSIM cards, mobile data plans, call minutes top-ups and a roaming-free experience. According to the company website, Dent employs blockchain technology’s powers to create a global marketplace for mobile data liberalization.

Dent has an ambitious roadmap ahead, with plans to expand its services to new markets by the end of 2021. The company has already attracted more than twenty-five million mobile device users, and Dent services are available in more than 140 countries. Enterprise partnerships for Dent include Samsung Blockchain, The Enterprise Ethereum Alliance and Telecom Infra.