## ما هو البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC)؟

إنّ البيتكوين المغلف نسخة رمز من [Bitcoin](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/bitcoin/)(BTC) تعمل على سلسلة كتل [Ethereum](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/ethereum/)(ETH).

يتوافق البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC) مع رمز ERC-20 — معيار التوافق الأساسي لسلسلة كتل Ethereum — مما يسمح بدمجها بالكامل في النظام البيئي الخاص بمنصات التداول اللامركزية وخدمات الإقراض المشفرة وأسواق التنبؤ وغيرها من تطبيقات التمويل اللامركزي (DeFi) المُستندة إلى رمز ERC-20.

يتلقى البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC) الدعم من Bitcoin أيضًا بنسبة 1:1 عبر شبكة من التجار وأمناء الاستثمار الذين يخضعون للمراقبة تلقائيًا، مما يضمن أن سعره مرتبط بعملة Bitcoin في جميع الأوقات ويسمح للمستخدمين بنقل السيولة بين BTC وشبكات ETH بشكل لامركزي و بطريقة مستقلة.

تم الإعلان عن البيتكوين المُغلف لأول مرة في 26 أكتوبر 2018، وتم إطلاقه رسميًا في 31 يناير 2019.

### من هم مُؤسسو البيتكوين المغلف (WBTC)؟

إن مشروع الرموز المُغلفة (Wrapped Tokens)، الذي يُعد البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC) جزءًا منه، لم يتم تأسيسه من قبل الأفراد ولكنه مشروع مشترك لثلاث مؤسسات: BitGo و شبكة Kyber و [Ren](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/ren/).

إنّ BitGo، والتي أسسها عالم الكمبيوتر ورائد الأعمال الأمريكي مايك بيلشي في عام 2013، هي شركة حفظ الأصول الرقمية والتداول والخدمات المالية. فضلاً عن كونها أحد مطوري البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC)، تعمل BitGo أيضًا كحافظ أصلي لها — الكيان الذي يحتفظ برموز (WBTC) والمفاتيح اللازمة لسك المزيد منها.

إنّ شبكة Kyber عبارة عن بروتوكول سيولة مُستند على سلسلة الكتل، يُتيح دمج رموز العملات المشفرة وتطبيقات التمويل اللامركزي (DeFi). تأسست الشبكة في عام 2017 من قبل لوي لو وفيكتور ترانو ويارون فيلنر ومقرها في سنغافورة. جنبًا إلى جنب مع Ren، ساعدت شبكة Kyber في إنشاء البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC) ولا تزال تعمل كتاجر على شبكتها — وهي المُؤسسة التي تقوم بسك رموز WBTC وحرقها للحفاظ على نسبة 1:1 من الرموز إلى احتياطيات BTC.

على غرار شبكة Kyber، فإنّ Ren شركة تركز على الاندماج عبر السلسلة لأصول العملة المشفرة وتطبيقات التمويل اللامركزي (DeFi) عبر حلول مثل RenBridge و RenVM وغيرها. تأسست Ren في عام 2017 من قبل تاينغ تشانغ ولونج وانغ.

### ما الذي يُميز البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC)؟

بحكم كونها أقدم وأكبر عملة مشفرة في السوق، تتباهى Bitcoin بقاعدة مستخدمين ضخمة ومُجمع سيولة يبلغ عشرات المليارات من الدولارات. ولكن وظيفة سلسلة الكتل الخاصة بها بسيطة نسبيًا وفقًا للمعايير الحديثة.

وعلى عكس Bitcoin، تم إنشاء Ethereum من الألف إلى الياء لدعم حالات الاستخدام الأكثر تقدمًا من خلال الاستفادة من تقنية العقود الذكية، مما أدى إلى ظهور مجال كامل يُسمى "التمويل اللامركزي".

تُقدم Ethereum والمنتجات المشتقة منها لمستخدميها أدوات مالية متقدمة مثل الإقراض والتأمين، والتي لا تحتاج إلى وسطاء موثوق بهم.

من خلال "تغليف" بيتكوين BTC على مُعيار ERC-20، يُتيح البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC) الاندماج الكامل لأصل يُشبه Bitcoin في هذه البيئة المتقدمة من التطبيقات المالية اللامركزية، مما يوفر السيولة الهائلة المرتبطة بسوق BTC.

بالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC) يجعل المهمة أسهل بكثير لعمليات التبادل والمحافظ وخدمات الدفع التي تعمل مع Ethereum: فبدلاً من الاضطرار إلى تشغيل عُقدتين منفصلتين لشبكات ETH و BTC، يمكنهم دعم عمليات WBTC باستخدام عقدة Ethereum فقط.

وأخيرًا، يزيد متوسط وقت الكتلة على سلسلة كتل Ethereum — حوالي 15 ثانية مقابل 10 دقائق على التوالي — من السرعة التي يمكن بها التعامل مع البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC)، مقارنةً بعملة البيتكوين الفعلية.

#### صفحات ذات صلة:

اعرف المزيد حول الرموز الأخرى المرتبطة بـ Bitcoin على شبكة Ethereum، مثل [renBTC](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/renbtc/) و [HBTC](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/huobi-btc/).

تحقق من تحليلنا التعليمي المُفصل حول كيفية قيام [Ren](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/bringing-bitcoin-to-defi-a-complete-beginners-deep-dive-into-renvm) بجلب Bitcoin إلى التمويل اللامركزي (DeFi).

لدى Alexandria الخاصة بموقع CoinMarketCap معلومات أساسية عن البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC) من [هنا](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-wrapped-bitcoin).

### كم عدد عملات البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC) المُتداولة؟

لا يوجد جدول زمني محدد مسبقًا لإصدار WBTC. بدلاً من ذلك، يتم سك أو حرق WBTC تلقائيًا عندما يقوم المستخدمون بشراء أو بيع الرموز الخاصة بهم مقابل Bitcoin عبر نظام التجار والأمناء.

نظرًا لأن البيتكوين المُغلف مدعوم دائمًا بواسطة Bitcoin بنسبة 1:1، فإن عدد الرموز المُتداولة يعتمد بشكلٍ مباشر على مقدار احتياطيات Bitcoin في شبكة WBTC. اعتبارًا من أكتوبر 2020، كان هذا الرقم يزيد قليلاً عن 94,000 رمز، بقيمة إجمالية تبلغ حوالي 1 مليار دولار.

### كيف يتم تأمين شبكة البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC)؟

يتم تأمين رموز WBTC بواسطة سلسلة الكتل الأم التي يتم تشغيلها عليها — Ethereum. وفي المقابل، تتم حماية ETH بواسطة وظيفة تجزئة (Ethash) [إثبات العمل](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/proof-of-work-vs-proof-of-stake)، وهي ممثلة لعائلة Keccak لوظائف التجزئة.

### أين يُمكنك شراء البيتكوين المُغلف (WBTC)؟

يمكنك شراء WBTC من العديد من منصات التداول، المركزية واللامركزية، والتي تعمل كتجار على شبكة بيتكوين المغلفة. بعض من أهمها:

* [Uniswap](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/uniswap-v2/)
* [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/binance/)
* [OKEx](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/okex/)
* [هوبي جلوبال (Huobi Global)](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/huobi-global/)
* [شبكة Kyber](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/kyber-network/)

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Bitcoin SV (BSV) emerged following a hard fork of the Bitcoin Cash (BCH) blockchain in 2018, which had in turn forked from the BTC blockchain a year earlier following the blocksize wars.

BSV claims to fulfill the original vision of the Bitcoin protocol and design as described in Satoshi Nakamoto’s white paper, early Bitcoin client software and known Satoshi writings. BSV aims to offer scalability and stability in line with the original description of Bitcoin as a peer-to-peer electronic cash system, as well as deliver a distributed data network that can support enterprise-level advanced blockchain applications.

To this end, it has removed artificial block size limits and re-enabled Script commands and other technical capabilities which had been historically disabled or restricted by the protocol developers of the BTC blockchain. This purportedly allows the network to process tens of thousands of transactions per second while maintaining extremely low transaction fees for micropayments, in addition to offering advanced capabilities such as tokens, smart contracts, computation and other data use cases.

The BSV network claims to be unique in its capacity for unbounded on-chain scaling while also being more aligned with the original design of Bitcoin than any other blockchain.

Bitcoin SV

Bitcoin Cash (BCH) is a peer-to-peer electronic cash system that aims to become sound global money with fast payments, micro fees, privacy and larger block size. As a permissionless, decentralized cryptocurrency, Bitcoin Cash requires no trusted third parties.

Bitcoin Cash was created as an alternative to the first and most valuable cryptocurrency — Bitcoin (BTC). In 2017, BCH developers modified the BTC code, releasing their software version and a full-fledged competitive product, which split Bitcoin into two blockchains: Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash. Bitcoin Cash is a result of a hard fork in the blockchain due to differences in the community over Bitcoin scaling and the SegWit upgrade. Moreover, another hard fork, which divided Bitcoin Cash into two parts, Bitcoin ABC and Bitcoin SV, took place in the fall of 2018.

The scaling debate involved two sides: small block supporters opposed increasing block size as it could lead to blockchain centralization and vulnerability by making it harder to host full nodes. Large block supporters, however, advocated for a faster solution, concerned that rising transaction fees could hinder growth.

Bitcoin Cash

Ethereum Classic (ETC) is the original Ethereum (ETH) blockchain that launched in July 2015. Its main function is as a smart contract network, with the ability to host and support decentralized applications (DApps). Its native token is ETC.

Since its launch, Ethereum Classic has sought to differentiate itself from Ethereum, with the two networks’ technical roadmap diverging further and further from each other with time.

Ethereum Classic first set out to preserve the integrity of the existing Ethereum blockchain after a major hacking event led to the theft of 3.6 million ETH.

Ethereum Classic

Monero was launched in 2014, and its goal is simple: to allow transactions to take place privately and with anonymity. Even though it’s commonly thought that BTC can conceal a person’s identity, it’s often easy to trace payments back to their original source because blockchains are transparent. On the other hand, XMR is designed to obscure senders and recipients alike through the use of advanced cryptography.

The team behind Monero say privacy and security are their biggest priorities, with ease of use and efficiency coming second. It aims to provide protection to all users — irrespective of how technologically competent they are.

Overall, XMR aims to allow payments to be made quickly and inexpensively without fear of censorship.

Monero

Maker (MKR) is the governance token of the MakerDAO and Maker Protocol — respectively a decentralized organization and a software platform, both based on the Ethereum blockchain — that allows users to issue and manage the DAI stablecoin.

Initially conceived in 2015 and fully launched in December 2017, Maker is a project whose task is to operate DAI, a community-managed decentralized cryptocurrency with a stable value soft-pegged to the US dollar.

MKR tokens act as a kind of voting share for the organization that manages DAI; while they do not pay dividends to their holders, they do give the holders voting rights over the development of Maker Protocol and are expected to appreciate in value in accordance with the success of DAI itself.

The Maker ecosystem is one of the earliest projects on the decentralized finance (DeFi) scene: the industry that seeks to build decentralized financial products on top of smart-contract-enabled blockchains, such as Ethereum.

Bitcoin Gold was founded in 2017 to become a user-friendly alternative to Bitcoin. The BTG network aims to combine the security and sturdiness of the Bitcoin blockchain and its characteristics with the opportunity for experimentation and development.

BTG enhances and extends the crypto space with a blockchain closely compatible with Bitcoin but without using resources like Bitcoin hash power or vying for the "real Bitcoin" title. The company aims to present a coin with the implementation capabilities of Bitcoin, however, expanding on the opportunities for DeFi and DApp developers to use the coin.

Bitcoin Gold

Zcash is a decentralized cryptocurrency focused on privacy and anonymity. It uses the zk-SNARK zero-knowledge proof technology that allows nodes on the network to verify transactions without revealing any sensitive information about those transactions.

Contrary to a common misunderstanding, the majority of cryptocurrencies on the market, including Bitcoin (BTC), are not anonymous, but rather pseudonymous; while they do not explicitly reveal the identities of their users, each user has their own public address or addresses which can be traced back to them via the methods of data science and blockchain forensics.

Zcash transactions, on the other hand, still have to be relayed via a public blockchain, but unlike pseudonymous cryptocurrencies, ZEC transactions by default do not reveal the sending and receiving addresses or the amount being sent. There is an option, however, to reveal this data for the purposes of auditing or regulatory compliance.

Zcash was first released on October 28, 2016, and it was originally based on Bitcoin’s codebase.

Zcash

OKB is a cryptocurrency released by the OK Blockchain Foundation and Maltese crypto exchange, OKEx. The exchange is one of the largest in the world andcurrently ranks third in liquidity, fourth in trading volume, and provides a wide selection of trading pairs. OKEx is similar in many aspects to the cryptocurrency exchange giantBinance, but there are a few key differences. The OKEx platform has its owncloud mining service, and the company has a more focused reach in providing options trading for users. Meanwhile, Binance strives to offer a broad range of crypto services globally.

OKB is the OKEx utility token that enables users to access the crypto exchange's special features. The coin is used to calculate and pay trading fees, grant users access to voting and governance on the platform, and reward users for holding OKB.

OKEx has become a world-leading trading floor since its launch in 2017. The platform launched in the spring of 2017 and emerged as an offshoot from the original OKCoin platform (operating since 2013 in China). OKCoin now focuses on exchanging fiat for crypto, while OKEx focuses on crypto trading with a built-inAPI for algorithmic trading. The exchange also gives users access to a multi-currency wallet and functions formargin trading.

Uniswap is a popular decentralized trading protocol, known for its role in facilitating automated trading of decentralized finance (DeFi) tokens.

An example of an automated market maker (AMM), Uniswap launched in November 2018, but has gained considerable popularity this year thanks to the DeFi phenomenon and associated surge in token trading.

Uniswap aims to keep token trading automated and completely open to anyone who holds tokens, while improving the efficiency of trading versus that on traditional exchanges.

Uniswap creates more efficiency by solving liquidity issues with automated solutions, avoiding the problems which plagued the first decentralized exchanges.

In September 2020, Uniswap went a step further by creating and awarding its own governance token, UNI, to past users of the protocol. This added both profitability potential and the ability for users to shape its future — an attractive aspect of decentralized entities.

Yearn.finance is an aggregator service for decentralized finance (DeFi) investors, using automation to allow them to maximize profits from yield farming.

Its goal is to simplify the ever-expanding DeFi space for investors who are not technically minded or who wish to interact in a less committal manner than serious traders.

Launched in February 2020, the service, formerly known as iEarn, has seen huge growth in recent months as new products debuted and developers released in-house token YFI.

yearn.finance

Litecoin (LTC) is a cryptocurrency that was designed to provide fast, secure and low-cost payments by leveraging the unique properties of blockchain technology.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Litecoin.

The cryptocurrency was created based on the Bitcoin (BTC) protocol, but it differs in terms of the hashing algorithm used, hard cap, block transaction times and a few other factors. Litecoin has a block time of just 2.5 minutes and extremely low transaction fees, making it suitable for micro-transactions and point-of-sale payments.

Litecoin was released via an open-source client on GitHub on Oct. 7, 2011, and the Litecoin Network went live five days later on Oct. 13, 2011. Since then, it has exploded in both usage and acceptance among merchants and has counted among the top ten cryptocurrencies by market capitalization for most of its existence.

The cryptocurrency was created by Charlie Lee, a former Google employee, who intended Litecoin to be a "lite version of Bitcoin," in that it features many of the same properties as Bitcoin—albeit lighter in weight.

Litecoin

Huobi Token (HT) is the native token of the cryptocurrency exchange Huobi Global. It is a decentralized digital asset based on the Ethereum blockchain and is ERC-20 compliant. HT’s value is in part reliant upon the reputation of the Huobi crypto exchange, yet other factors also have an impact.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Huobi Token.

Huobi Token is a relatively young project. It first launched in January 2018, hot on the heels of the release of a native token on rival crypto exchange Binance. Having its own token allows Huobi to build a flexible marketing strategy in order to attract new users and further grow its platform.

One key function of the token is to reduce commissions for trading operations on the exchange, which are usually paid from users' wallets. Yet the token has much more to offer. Using HT, users can purchase monthly VIP-status plans to receive discounts on transaction fees. Token holders have the right to vote on exchange decisions, can receive crypto rewards for seasonal buybacks, and also get early access to special events. HT holders can, at any point, trade the token for other cryptocurrencies.

Huobi Token

Dash is an open-source blockchain and cryptocurrency focused on offering a fast, cheap global payments network that is decentralized in nature. According to the project's white paper, Dash seeks to improve upon Bitcoin (BTC) by providing stronger privacy and faster transactions.

Dash, whose name comes from "digital cash," was launched in January 2014 as a fork of Litecoin (LTC). Since going live, Dash has grown to include features such as a two-tier network with incentivized nodes, including "masternodes," and decentralized project governance; InstantSend, which allows for instantly settled payments; ChainLocks, which makes the Dash blockchain instantly immutable; and PrivateSend, which offers additional optional privacy for transactions.

Dash

Decred is Money Evolved.

By combining battle tested Proof-of-Work with an innovative take on Proof-of-Stake that places coin holders in charge of shaping the future, Decred is able to adapt to challenges and innovate at a rapid pace. You acquire influence in Decred by putting “skin in the game”.

Decred’s security, privacy, scalability, and decentralized treasury empower stakeholders and provides them with the tools needed to enhance their financial sovereignty.

Decred

The EOS Network is an open-source blockchain platform that prioritizes high performance, flexibility, security, and developer experience. As a third-generation blockchain platform powered by the EOS virtual machine, EOS has an extensible WebAssembly engine for deterministic execution of near fee-less transactions.

EOS is the market's most scalable, divisible, and programmable digital currency. EOS is a Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) network where stakeholders have the authority to select node operators. EOS is fully decentralized power doesn't reside in the hands of block miners, but rather all parties involved in the EOS Network.

The EOS Network is attractive because of its technology and community. It allows developers to build projects that other blockchains cannot support. The network is straightforward and has multiple tools and educational resources to help users acclimate to the blockchain.

TRON (TRX) is a decentralized blockchain-based operating system developed by the Tron Foundation and launched in 2017. Originally TRX tokens were ERC-20-based tokens deployed on Ethereum, but a year later they were moved to their own network.

Initially, the project was created with the aim of providing full ownership rights to makers of digital content. The main goal is to help content creators (who receive only a small part of the income) and encourage them with more rewards for their work. How: invite content consumers to reward content makers directly (without intermediaries like YouTube, Facebook or Apple).

The TRON software supports smart contracts, various kinds of blockchain systems, and decentralized applications aka dApps. The cryptocurrency platform uses a transaction model similar to Bitcoin (BTC), namely UTXO. Transactions take place in a public ledger, where users can track the history of operations.

Therefore, the platform was built to create a decentralized Internet and serves as a tool for developers to create dApps, acting as an alternative to Ethereum. Anyone can create dApps on the TRON network, offer content, and in return receive digital assets as compensation for their efforts. The ability to create content and share it openly without hesitation regarding transaction fees is an undeniable advantage of TRON.

TRON

Tezos is a high-performing blockchain and open-source platform for assets and applications, with a strong focus on code security, on-chain governance, and decentralization. Tezos 2.0, the upcoming step in the evolution of Tezos, aims to improve scalability (via layer 2s), composability, and to implement support to mainstream programming languages (like Javascript, Typescript, Python, and many others).

Initially built with formal verification in mind, the Tezos protocol enables builders to avoid bugs when developing smart contracts, making it particularly suited to applications that require a high degree of security and certainty.

Tezos’ LPoS (Liquid Proof-of-Stake) consensus mechanism enables any stakeholder to take part, directly or by delegation, in the consensus process, and to be rewarded for securing the network. Rather uniquely, Tezos’ on-chain governance system also enables stakeholders to create and vote on protocol upgrade proposals. This pioneering system allows the protocol to self-amend and upgrade itself without leading to a split (or fork) in the blockchain, empowering the community without slowing down innovation.

First proposed in 2014 and launched in 2018, the Tezos Mainnet has a proven track record of running uninterrupted ever since, having earned a strong reputation for technical excellence and a supportive community.

Tezos

Compound is a DeFi lending protocol that allows users to earn interest on their cryptocurrencies by depositing them into one of several pools supported by the platform.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Compound.

When a user deposits tokens to a Compound pool, they receive cTokens in return. These cTokens represent the individual’s stake in the pool and can be used to redeem the underlying cryptocurrency initially deposited into the pool at any time. For example, by depositing ETH into a pool, you will receive cETH in return. Over time, the exchange rate of these cTokens to the underlying asset increases, which means you can redeem them for more of the underlying asset than you initially put in — this is how the interest is distributed.

On the flip side, borrowers can take a secured loan from any Compound pool by depositing collateral. The maximum loan-to-value (LTV) ratio varies based on the collateral asset, but currently ranges from 50 to 75%. The interest rate paid varies by borrowed asset and borrowers can face automatic liquidation if their collateral falls below a specific maintenance threshold.

Since the launch of the Compound mainnet in September 2018, the platform has skyrocketed in popularity, and recently passed more than $800 million in total locked value.