## ما هي Uniswap (UNI)؟

[Uniswap](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar-it/exchanges/uniswap-v2/) هو بروتوكول تداول لامركزي شائع، يُعرفُ بدوره في تسهيل التداول التلقائي لرموز التمويل اللامركزي ([DeFi](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-decentralized-finance)).

تم إطلاق Uniswap في نوفمبر 2018 كمثال لصانع السوق الآلي ([AMM](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/automated-market-maker-amm))، لكنه اكتسب شعبية كبيرة هذا العام، وذلك بفضل ظاهرة التمويل اللامركزي (DeFi) وعلاقتها بزيادة تداول الرموز.

تهدف Uniswap إلى الحفاظ على تداول الرموز بشكلٍ تلقائي، ومتاح تمامًا لأي شخص يمتلك الرموز، مع تحسين كفاءة التداول على خلاف ما هو عليه في منصات التداول التقليدية.

تُعزز Uniswap الكفاءة من خلال حل مشاكل السيولة عن طريقة الحلول الآلية، وتجنب المشكلات التي أصابت المنصات الأولى للتداول] اللامركزي](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/top-decentralized-exchanges-dex).

في سبتمبر 2020، أخذت Uniswap خطوة للأمام من خلال إنشاء ومنح [رمز الحوكمة](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/governance-token) الخاص بها (UNI) للمستخدمين السابقين للبروتوكول. وقد أضاف ذلك إمكانية الربح بجانب قُدرة المستخدمين على تحديد مستقبلها — ويُعد ذلك سمة جذابة للكيانات اللامركزية.

### من هم مؤسسو Uniswap؟

أُنشئت Uniswap كخطة لتقديم صُناع السوق الآلي (AMMs) على إيثريوم لجمهور أكبر. مؤسس هذه المنصة هو هايدن آدامز، مُطور إيثريوم.

عمل آدامز على مشاريع مختلفة في الوقت الذي كان يضع اللمسات الأخيرة على Uniswap، وتم الإعلان عن أعماله بواسطة مؤسس إيثريوم فيتاليك بوتيرين مباشرةً. وانتهى الأمر بأنّ بوتيرين هو من سمى البروتوكول — كان اسم المشروع في الأصل Unipeg.

وقال آدامز إن مصدر إلهامه الأساسي للعمل على منصة Uniswap كان من إحدى مُدونات بوتيرين. جاءت فكرته الأساسية للتركيز على إيثريوم بعد أن أقنعه صديقه بالبدء في البحث وفهم البروتوكول في عام 2017.

### منظمة Uniswap المستقلة اللامركزية (DAO)

تضم منظمة Uniswap المستقلة اللامركزية (DAO) ما يزيد عن 310,000 عضو، يُمكنهم التصويت على كل من خزينة المنصة بقيمة 1.6 مليار دولار، و[الحوكمة](https://gov.uniswap.org/)، وعلى خارطة طريق منصة التبادل اللامركزي (DEX) من خلال الاحتفاظ [برموز الحوكمة](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/governance-token) (UNI). يستطيع كل من يمتلك رمز UNI تقديم مُقترح، لكن يجب أن يحصل هذا المقترح على ما لا يقل عن 25 ألف صوتٍ بالموافقة، قبل أن يُصبح مؤهلاً لمزيد من المشورة. تتمثل المرحلة التالية في التحقق من الإجماع، حيث يتعين على المُقترح تسليط الضوء على التغييرات الأساسية وأن يجمع ما لا يقل عن 50 ألف يصوتون بالموافقة. وأخيرًا، لا بُد من مرحلة الحوكمة؛ لجمع 40 مليون يصوتون بالموافقة؛ ليتم اعتماد ذلك المُقترح. كانت Uniswap منصة التداول اللامركزية الأكثر هيمنةً من حيث حجم التداول في عام 2021، واحتلت أعلى مرتبة في المنظمات المستقلة اللامركزية (DAO) من حيث المبلغ المُحتفظ به في الخزينة. لكنها تحتل المرتبة الثانية حاليًا، بعد BitDAO — وهي منظمة مستقلة لامركزية (DAO) تُركز على التمويل والاستثمار في مشاريع العملات المشفرة الناشئة. راجع [تحليلنا المُفصل عن Uniswap DAO، وغيرها من كبرى المنظمات المستقلة اللامركزية (DAOs)](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/a-deep-dive-into-how-the-top-daos-work)، وعن كيفية عمل أنظمة الحوكمة لديها.

### ما الذي يجعل Uniswap منصة استثنائية؟

أنشأت Uniswap بهدف خلق سيولة — وبالتالي التداول والقيمة التي يوفرها هذا التداول — لمجال التمويل اللامركزي (DeFi).

ولكونها أحد كبرى صناع السوق الآلي (AMMs) حاليًا، يعمل بروتوكول Unisawp من خلال استخدام صيغة التبادل الآلي — Y × X يساوي K. يرى هايدن آدامز نفسه مُخترع طريقة التنفيذ الخاص بالمعادلة على Uniswap.

Unisawp ليست مجرد منصة تداول لامركزي، بل تسعى لحل المشاكل التي واجهتها منصات أخرى مع السيولة مثل [EtherDelta](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar-it/exchanges/etherdelta/).

ومن خلال أتمتة عملية صنع السوق، يُحفز البروتوكول النشاط عن طريق تقليل المخاطر والتكاليف لدى جميع الأطراف. وتعمل الآلية أيضًا على إزالة متطلبات الهوية للمستخدمين، ويمكن من الناحية الفنية لأي شخص إنشاء] مجمع سيولة لأي زوج من الرموز](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-are-liquidity-pool-lp-tokens).

ووفقًا لـ Uniswap، تم إنشاء رمز الحوكمة الخاص بهم (UNI) من أجل "تكريس Uniswap كبنية تحتية، مملوكة ملكية عامة ومُستدامة ذاتيًا، مع استمرارية حماية خصائصها المستقلة غير القابلة للتدمير".

تم إطلاق Uniswap V2 في 2 نوفمبر 2018، حيث قدّم مميزات جديدة مثل أزواج رمز ERC-20، وسعر [الأوراكل](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/oracles)، والمبادلات السريعة، إضافة إلى ميزات أخرى. تم إطلاق أحدث نسخة من البروتوكول — Uniswap V3، على الشبكة الرئيسية في 5 مايو 2021. تتميز هذه النسخة بكفاءة رأس مال أكبر [لمزودي السيولة](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/liquidity-provider)، وتنفيذ أفضل للمتداولين، وبنية تحتية مطورة. وصل سعر Uniswap إلى [أعلى مستوى له على الإطلاق](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/all-time-high) (ATH) بقيمة 44.97 دولار، مما أدى إلى إطلاق النسخة الثالثة من البروتوكول (V3) على الشبكة الرئيسية. ومنذ انطلاقه، كان هناك اهتمام كبير في أسعار أزواج التداول التالية: [UNI إلى AUD](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar-it/currencies/uniswap/uni/aud/)، و [UNI إلى EUR](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar-it/currencies/uniswap/uni/eur/).

#### صفحات ذات صلة:

اعرف المزيد حول Balancer [هنا](https://balancer.finance/).

اعرف المزيد حول Curve [هنا](https://www.curve.fi/).

هل أنت جديد في عالم التمويل اللامركزي والعملات المشفرة؟ راجع مصادرنا التعليمية [هنا](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/).

[مقارنة بين Uniswap و Pancakeswap](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/uniswap-vs-pancakeswap)

هل تُريد متابعة أسعار Uniswap (UNI) لحظة بلحظة؟ حمِّل [نسخة الهواتف من تطبيق CoinMarketCap](https://coinmarketcap.com/mobile/)!

هل تُريد تحويل سعر Uniswap (UNI) إلى العملة الورقية التي تُريد؟ جرِّب [آلة حساب سعر الصرف الخاصة بـ CoinMarketCap](https://coinmarketcap.com/converter/).

### كم عدد عملات Uniswap (UNI) المُتداولة؟

إنّ إجمالي المعروض من رمز الحوكمة (UNI) الخاص بـ Uniswap هو مليار رمز. سيكون هذا الكم متاحًا على مدى أربع سنوات، بعدها ستُقدم Uniswap "معدل تضخم دائم" بنسبة 2% للحفاظ على المشاركة في الشبكة.

يتكون توزيع الرموز حاليًا من الآتي: 60% لأعضاء مجتمع Uniswap أي المستخدمين، و 21.51% لأعضاء الفريق، و 17.8% للمستثمرين، إضافةً إلى 0.69% للمستشارين. يكون استحقاق الثلاث نسب الأخيرة وفقًا لجدول مدته أربع سنوات.

يُمكن لأولئك الذين استخدموا Uniswap قبل 1 سبتمبر 2020 المطالبة بـ 15% من تلك النسبة الكبيرة المخصصة للمستخدمين. وهذا يشمل المستخدمين الذين أجروا معاملات لم تنجح — فهم مؤهلون للحصول على 400 رمز (UNI).

يخدم رمز (UNI) هدف تمكين ملكية المجتمع المشتركة في نمو وتطوير البروتوكول اللامركزي. وهذا يسمح لمالكي رمز (UNI) بالمشاركة في حوكمة بروتوكول Uniswap والنظام البيئي الأوسع، بطريقة مُحايدة، دون حاجة إلى مصادقة. سيؤثر نجاح واعتماد منتجات Uniswap بشكل إيجابي على سعرها، الأمر الذي يُحفز مالكي الرموز على المساهمة في التنمية المستدامة للنظام البيئي.

بعد أربع سنوات من إطلاق رمز (UNI)، أي في سبتمبر 2024، سيكون معدل التضخم الدائم بنسبة 2% سنويًا قيد التنفيذ، وهذا من شأنه ضمان استمرار المشاركة في النظام البيئي لـ Uniswap، من خلال تثبيط الملاك السلبيين.

### كيف يتم تأمين شبكة Uniswap؟

Uniswap هو بروتوكول تداول لامركزي، و UNI هو رمز الحوكمة الداخلي الخاص به. رمز UNI هو رمز [ERC-20](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/erc-20)، ما يعني أنه يحتاج إلى إيثريوم ليعمل.

تتمثل وظيفة رمز ERC-20 في وضع مجموعة من القواعد الخاصة بالرموز، كما الاعتبارات الأمنية المُتعلقة أساسًا بقوة شبكة إيثريوم. على سبيل المثال، يمكن أن يؤدي الازدحام على الشبكة إلى رفع سعر رسوم آلية التسعير المعروفة بـ [الغاز](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/gas-price) اللازمة لإجراء المعاملات، مما يؤدي إلى التأخير وارتفاع رسوم المعاملات بشكل غير طبيعي، ومن ثم يؤثر على جميع المشاركين.

وعلى نحوٍ مستقل، يمكن أن تتسبب [العقود الذكية](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/smart-contract) في حدوث مشكلات أمنية، قد تؤدي إلى خسارة متداولي التمويل اللامركزي (DeFi) لأموالهم. في الواقع، نجح المخترقون بالفعل في سرقة ملايين الدولارات في فترة التمويل اللامركزي (DeFi) القصيرة، اعتبارًا من سبتمبر 2021.

### أين يُمكن شراء Uniswap (UNI)؟

رمز الحوكمة (UNI) الخاص بـ Uniswap مُتاح للتداول على منصات التداول الكبرى، مقابل عملات مُشفرة أخرى، والعملات المُستقرة، والعملات الورقية، وغيرها.

من هذه المنصات: [بينانس](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar-it/exchanges/binance/)، و [Huobi](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar-it/exchanges/huobi-global/)، و [Coinbase Pro](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar-it/exchanges/coinbase-exchange/)، مع بروتوكول Uniswap نفسه بشكل طبيعي، — [Uniswap (V2)](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar-it/exchanges/uniswap-v2/) و [Uniswap (V3)](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar-it/exchanges/uniswap-v3/).

يمكنك قراءة المزيد عن كيفية دخول سوق العملات المُشفرة، بغض النظر عن الرمز الذي تنوي شراءه، [هنا](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/).

Uniswap Integrates Robinhood Connect to Facilitate Cryptocurrency Purchases

Week in DeFi: DeFi 1.0 Resurgence?

Week in DeFi: Uniswap Implements Trading Fees, UNI Holders Rejoice?

Week in DeFi: UniswapX Unveiled, Chainlink CCIP and Mantle Mainnet

What Is Uniswap?

Binance

Uniswap

Ledger

Coinbase

Safepal

HyperPay

Trust Wallet

MetaMask

Binance Chain Wallet

SolFlare

Backpack

Phantom

Atomic wallet

Ethereum

Shiba Inu

Chainlink

UNUS SED LEO

Pepe

Bitget Token

The Graph

Artificial Superintelligence Alliance

Aave

MANTRA

Ondo

Mog Coin

Immutable

Quant

Book Of Matt Furie

DAV Coin

Gekko HQ

Nostra

Popsicle Finance

Founded in 2017, Chainlink is a blockchain abstraction layer that enables universally connected smart contracts. Through a decentralized oracle network, Chainlink allows blockchains to securely interact with external data feeds, events and payment methods, providing the critical off-chain information needed by complex smart contracts to become the dominant form of digital agreement.

The Chainlink Network is driven by a large open-source community of data providers, node operators, smart contract developers, researchers, security auditors and more. The company focuses on ensuring that decentralized participation is guaranteed for all node operators and users looking to contribute to the network.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Chainlink.

Polkadot is an open-source sharded multichain protocol that connects and secures a network of specialized blockchains, facilitating cross-chain transfer of any data or asset types, not just tokens, thereby allowing blockchains to be interoperable with each other. Polkadot was designed to provide a foundation for a decentralized internet of blockchains, also known as Web3.

Polkadot is known as a layer-0 metaprotocol because it underlies and describes a format for a network of layer 1 blockchains known as parachains (parallel chains). As a metaprotocol, Polkadot is also capable of autonomously and forklessly updating its own codebase via on-chain governance according to the will of its token holder community.

Polkadot provides a foundation to support a decentralized web, controlled by its users, and to simplify the creation of new applications, institutions and services.

The Polkadot protocol can connect public and private chains, permissionless networks, oracles and future technologies, allowing these independent blockchains to trustlessly share information and transactions through the Polkadot Relay Chain (explained further down).

Polkadot’s native DOT token serves three clear purposes: staking for operations and security, facilitating network governance, and bonding tokens to  connect parachains .

Polkadot has four core components:

Relay Chain: Polkadot’s “heart,” helping to create consensus, interoperability and shared security across the network of different chains;

Parachains: independent chains that can have their own tokens and be optimized for specific use cases;

Parathreads: similar to parachains but with flexible connectivity based on an economical pay-as-you-go model;

Bridges: allow parachains and parathreads to connect and communicate with external blockchains like Ethereum.

Polkadot

Polygon (previously Matic Network) is the first well-structured, easy-to-use platform for Ethereum scaling and infrastructure development. Its core component is Polygon SDK, a modular, flexible framework that supports building multiple types of applications.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Polygon Matic.

Using Polygon, one can create optimistic rollup chains, ZK rollup chains, stand alone chains or any other kind of infra required by the developer.

Polygon effectively transforms Ethereum into a full-fledged multi-chain system (aka Internet of Blockchains). This multi-chain system is akin to other ones such as Polkadot, Cosmos, Avalanche etc. with the advantages of Ethereum’s security, vibrant ecosystem and openness.

The $MATIC token will continue to exist and will play an increasingly important role, securing the system and enabling governance.

Polygon (formerly Matic Network) is a Layer 2 scaling solution backed by Binance and Coinbase. The project seeks to stimulate mass adoption of cryptocurrencies by resolving the problems of scalability on many blockchains.

Polygon combines the Plasma Framework and the proof-of-stake blockchain architecture. The Plasma framework used by Polygon as proposed by the co-founder of Ethereum, Vitalik Buterin, allows for the easy execution of scalable and autonomous smart contracts.

Nothing will change for the existing ecosystem built on the Plasma-POS chain. With Polygon, new features are being built around the existing proven technology to expand the ability to cater to diverse needs from the developer ecosystem. Polygon will continue to develop the core technology so that it can scale to a larger ecosystem.

Polygon boasts of up to 65,000 transactions per second on a single side chain, along with a respectable block confirmation time of less than two seconds. The framework also allows for the creation of globally available decentralized financial applications on a single foundational blockchain.

The Plasma framework gives Polygon the potential of housing an unlimited number of decentralized applications on their infrastructure without experiencing the normal drawbacks common on proof-of-work blockchains. So far, Polygon has attracted more than 50 DApps to its PoS-secured Ethereum sidechain.

MATIC, the native tokens of Polygon, is an ERC-20 token running on the Ethereum blockchain. The tokens are used for payment services on Polygon and as a settlement currency between users who operate within the Polygon ecosystem. The transaction fees on Polygon sidechains are also paid in MATIC tokens.

Polygon

Avalanche is a layer one blockchain that functions as a platform for decentralized applications and custom blockchain networks. It is one of Ethereum’s rivals, aiming to unseat Ethereum as the most popular blockchain for smart contracts. It aims to do so by having a higher transaction output of up to 6,500 transactions per second while not compromising scalability.

This is made possible by Avalanche’s unique architecture. The Avalanche network consists of three individual blockchains: the X-Chain, C-Chain and P-Chain. Each chain has a distinct purpose, which is radically different from the approach Bitcoin and Ethereum use, namely having all nodes validate all transactions. Avalanche blockchains even use different consensus mechanisms based on their use cases.

After its mainnet launch in 2020, Avalanche has worked on developing its own ecosystem of DApps and DeFi. Different Ethereum-based projects such as SushiSwap and TrueUSD have integrated with Avalanche. Furthermore, the platform is constantly working on improving interoperability between its own ecosystem and Ethereum, like through the development of bridges.

Avalanche

In a nutshell, Cosmos bills itself as a project that solves some of the “hardest problems” facing the blockchain industry. It aims to offer an antidote to “slow, expensive, unscalable and environmentally harmful” proof-of-work protocols, like those used by Bitcoin, by offering an ecosystem of connected blockchains.

The project’s other goals include making blockchain technology less complex and difficult for developers thanks to a modular framework that demystifies decentralized apps. Last but not least, an Interblockchain Communication protocol makes it easier for blockchain networks to communicate with each other — preventing fragmentation in the industry.

Cosmos’ origins can be dated back to 2014, when Tendermint, a core contributor to the network, was founded. In 2016, a white paper for Cosmos was published — and a token sale was held the following year. ATOM tokens are earned through a hybrid proof-of-stake algorithm, and they help to keep the Cosmos Hub, the project’s flagship blockchain, secure. This cryptocurrency also has a role in the network’s governance.

Cosmos

Cardano is a proof-of-stake blockchain platform that says its goal is to allow “changemakers, innovators and visionaries” to bring about positive global change.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Cardano.

The open-source project also aims to “redistribute power from unaccountable structures to the margins to individuals” — helping to create a society that is more secure, transparent and fair.

Cardano was founded back in 2017, and named after the 16th century Italian polymath Gerolamo Cardano. The native ADA token takes its name from the 19th century mathematician Ada Lovelace, widely regarded as the world’s first computer programmer. The ADA token is designed to ensure that owners can participate in the operation of the network. Because of this, those who hold the cryptocurrency have the right to vote on any proposed changes to the software.

The team behind the layered blockchain say that there have already been some compelling use cases for its technology, which aims to allow decentralized apps and smart contracts to be developed with modularity.

In August 2021, Charles Hoskinson announced the launch of the Alonzo hard fork, causing Cardano price to surge, gaining 116% in the following month. On Sept. 12, 2021, the Cardano ‘Alonzo’ hard fork officially launched, bringing smart contract functionality to the blockchain. Over 100 smart contracts were deployed in the following 24 hours after the launch.

Cardano is used by agricultural companies to track fresh produce from field to fork, while other products built on the platform allow educational credentials to be stored in a tamper-proof way, and retailers to clamp down on counterfeit goods.

Cardano

Solana is a highly functional open source project that banks on blockchain technology’s permissionless nature to provide decentralized finance (DeFi) solutions. While the idea and initial work on the project began in 2017, Solana was officially launched in March 2020 by the Solana Foundation with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Solana.

The Solana protocol is designed to facilitate decentralized app (DApp) creation. It aims to improve scalability by introducing a proof-of-history (PoH) consensus combined with the underlying proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus of the blockchain.

Because of the innovative hybrid consensus model, Solana enjoys interest from small-time traders and institutional traders alike. A significant focus for the Solana Foundation is to make decentralized finance accessible on a larger scale.

Solana

Pancakeswap was originally built on the BNB Chain and allows users to trade tokens without using a centralized exchange. It provides an array of products, such as:

An exchange to swap tokens

A yield farm to earn rewards

Syrup pools to stake CAKE tokens

Ethereum liquid staking (wBETH) and simple staking

Pancake Protectors game

v3 position manager (new feature)

A prediction market

Initial Farm Offering (IFO) token launches

A bridge to bridge CAKE to Ethereum and Aptos

A lottery

An NFT marketplace

Pancakeswap innovates quickly and ships new products regularly. In April 2023, PancakeSwap voted to transition to a deflationary token model called "Ultrasound CAKE." The protocol passed a proposal called CAKE Tokenomics v2.5 to create a structure combining real yield (no supply impact) and reduced token emissions. Over 102% of minted CAKE is burned weekly. This is intended to provide a multi-year runway for emissions and incentivize locking up CAKE, making the token more valuable long-term.

PancakeSwap has an anonymous team of “Chefs,” working in the PancakeSwap “Kitchen.” The platform is open-source and has been audited by multiple reputable blockchain security firms like Peckshield and Slowmist.

Although the bear market has impacted TVL and trading volume for the protocol, PancakeSwap still boasts an annualized revenue of $27 million, with 42% of CAKE is staked:

PancakeSwap

Litecoin (LTC) is a cryptocurrency that was designed to provide fast, secure and low-cost payments by leveraging the unique properties of blockchain technology.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Litecoin.

The cryptocurrency was created based on the Bitcoin (BTC) protocol, but it differs in terms of the hashing algorithm used, hard cap, block transaction times and a few other factors. Litecoin has a block time of just 2.5 minutes and extremely low transaction fees, making it suitable for micro-transactions and point-of-sale payments.

Litecoin was released via an open-source client on GitHub on Oct. 7, 2011, and the Litecoin Network went live five days later on Oct. 13, 2011. Since then, it has exploded in both usage and acceptance among merchants and has counted among the top ten cryptocurrencies by market capitalization for most of its existence.

The cryptocurrency was created by Charlie Lee, a former Google employee, who intended Litecoin to be a "lite version of Bitcoin," in that it features many of the same properties as Bitcoin—albeit lighter in weight.

Litecoin

Ethereum is a decentralized open-source blockchain system that features its own cryptocurrency, Ether. ETH works as a platform for numerous other cryptocurrencies, as well as for the execution of decentralized smart contracts.

Ethereum was first described in a 2013 whitepaper by Vitalik Buterin. Buterin, along with other co-founders, secured funding for the project in an online public crowd sale in the summer of 2014. The project team managed to raise $18.3 million in Bitcoin, and Ethereum’s price in the Initial Coin Offering (ICO) was $0.311, with over 60 million Ether sold. Taking Ethereum’s price now, this puts the return on investment (ROI) at an annualized rate of over 270%, essentially almost quadrupling your investment every year since the summer of 2014.

The Ethereum Foundation officially launched the blockchain on July 30, 2015, under the prototype codenamed “Frontier.” Since then, there has been several network updates — “Constantinople” on Feb. 28, 2019, “Istanbul” on Dec. 8, 2019, “Muir Glacier” on Jan. 2, 2020, “Berlin” on April 14, 2021, and most recently on Aug. 5, 2021, the “London” hard fork.

Ethereum’s own purported goal is to become a global platform for decentralized applications, allowing users from all over the world to write and run software that is resistant to censorship, downtime and fraud.

Filecoin is a decentralized storage system that aims to “store humanity’s most important information.” The project raised $205 million in an initial coin offering (ICO) in 2017, and initially planned a launch date for mid-2019. However, the launch date for the Filecoin mainnet was pushed back until block 148,888, which is expected in mid-October 2020.

The project was first described back in 2014 as an incentive layer for the Interplanetary File System (IPFS), a peer-to-peer storage network where users pay for data storage and distribution services in $FIL. Filecoin is open protocol and backed by a blockchain that records commitments made by the network’s participants, with transactions made using FIL, the blockchain’s native currency. The blockchain is based on both proof-of-replication and proof-of-spacetime.

Filecoin is open-source and decentralized, which means that all governance is in the hands of the community. On the Filecoin platform, developers have the opportunity to create cloud file storage services like Dropbox or iCloud. Anyone can join Filecoin and start storing their data or earn money by providing space for someone else's funds. The creators of Filecoin opted for their blockchain technology to run the network and their token with their own consensus.

$FIL is the native currency of Filecoin that powers the entire network and all processes. Clients pay for transactions in FIL tokens. Miners place FIL as collateral, guaranteeing their services.

The developers claim that Filecoin solves the problem of inefficient file storage and retrieval. Customers can find the right solution with an efficient set of tools and its core development, IPFS.

Filecoin

NEAR Protocol is a layer-one blockchain that was designed as a community-run cloud computing platform and that eliminates some of the limitations that have been bogging competing blockchains, such as low transaction speeds, low throughput and poor interoperability. This provides the ideal environment for DApps and creates a developer and user-friendly platform. For instance, NEAR uses human-readable account names, unlike the cryptographic wallet addresses common to Ethereum. NEAR also introduces unique solutions to scaling problems and has its own consensus mechanism called “Doomslug.”

NEAR Protocol is being built by the NEAR Collective, its community that is updating the initial code and releasing updates to the ecosystem. Its declared goal is to build a platform that is “secure enough to manage high value assets like money or identity and performant enough to make them useful for everyday people.”

Flux, a protocol that allows developers to create markets based on assets, commodities, real-world events, and Mintbase, an NFT minting platform are examples of projects being built on NEAR Protocol.

NEAR Protocol

Launched in July 2017, Binance is the biggest cryptocurrency exchange globally based on daily trading volume. Binance aims to bring cryptocurrency exchanges to the forefront of financial activity globally. The idea behind Binance’s name is to show this new paradigm in global finance — Binary Finance, or Binance.

Aside from being the largest cryptocurrency exchange globally, Binance has launched a whole ecosystem of functionalities for its users. The Binance network includes the Binance Chain, Binance Smart Chain, Binance Academy, Trust Wallet and Research projects, which all employ the powers of blockchain technology to bring new-age finance to the world. BNB is an integral part of the successful functioning of many of the Binance sub-projects.

Decentraland (MANA) defines itself as a virtual reality platform powered by the Ethereum blockchain that allows users to create, experience, and monetize content and applications.

In this virtual world, users purchase plots of land that they can later navigate, build upon and monetize.

Decentraland was launched following a $24 million initial coin offering (ICO) that was conducted in 2017. The virtual world launched its closed beta in 2019 and opened to the public in February 2020. Since then, users have created a wide range of experiences on their parcels of LAND, including interactive games, sprawling 3D scenes and a variety of other interactive experiences.

Decentraland uses two tokens: MANA and LAND. MANA is an ERC-20 token that must be burned to acquire non-fungible ERC-721 LAND tokens. MANA tokens can also be used to pay for a range of avatars, wearables, names, and more on the Decentraland marketplace.

Decentraland (MANA) is a decentralized virtual world platform with software based on the Ethereum blockchain, where users create, test and monetize content. In short: users buy virtual plots of land as NFTs with MANA tokens on the Decentraland platform. Progress in the game depends only on players themselves, their efforts and their imagination.

The digital platform is completely owned by its users. Within the Decentraland metaverse, participants can explore the virtual world, purchase plots of land that can be monetized, create works of art, own non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and take part in a decentralized autonomous organization of the platform Decentraland DAO. Due to the DAO, the community influences the development vector of the project.

In addition, users have access to interactive applications, in-world payments and peer-to-peer communication. The 3D world resonates with many participants as Decentraland has many applications, both entertainment for gamers and business for investors.

Two types of tokens called MANA and LAND govern operations in Decentraland. They also allow users to interact with the platform.

MANA is the official currency of Decentraland. It’s an ERC-20 standard token that powers the Decentraland platform. With MANA, users can purchase plots of LAND, as well as pay for in-game items and services.

MANA gives its holders the right to vote in Decentraland DAO. MANA can be purchased on a cryptocurrency exchange or by selling collectibles on Decentraland Marketplace. The owner of tokens converts them to wrapped MANA, or wMANA, and then commits them to the DAO. One wMANA equals one vote. MANA can be exchanged for fiat currency and other digital assets.

As for LAND, it’s a non-fungible token (NFT) based on Ethereum (ETH). It is used to track ownership of land parcels aka digital real estate. Like MANA, LAND is part of the protocol and confers voting rights, but LAND does not need to be fixed in the DAO. One LAND is equal to two thousand votes.

Players choose what to do with their land. Owners store tokens in crypto wallets and buy necessities with MANA tokens on the Decentraland Marketplace. Moreover, on the marketplace, participants can manage or exchange LAND tokens (priced in MANA). Holders use the marketplace to transact or transfer in-game items. All transactions are conducted, regulated and registered via the Ethereum blockchain.

Decentraland combines an online gaming space and blockchain technology. All control over the rules is given to the players, and token holders vote on in-game and organizational policies. The original goal was to form a decentralized virtual reality, but in practice, Decentraland has turned into a massive NFT market.

A special role in Decentraland is assigned to NFTs, such as collectibles, virtual equipment and real estate (LAND). However, for new players who want to join the universe and seize NFTs, the entry barrier will be high.

The Decentraland protocol is built on three levels using Ethereum smart contracts. On the consensus layer, the ownership of LAND is tracked and managed. The land content layer displays the content of the Decentraland virtual world. Finally, on the real-time layer, participants interact with each other.

The platform was co-founded by two blockchain experts, Ari Meilich and Esteban Ordano, in 2015. Officially it was launched a year later and became available only in February 2020, gradually turning from a 2D experiment into a full-fledged 3D world.

To sum up, Decentraland is a decentralized game and a 3D virtual reality platform where players own lands and create limitlessly. Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) software is at the core, and governance is in the hands of the community. Through the native token MANA, players participate in any proposals for managing and improving the ecosystem, the auction system, and the in-game policy.

Decentraland

Dogecoin (DOGE) is based on the popular "doge" Internet meme and features a Shiba Inu on its logo. The open-source digital currency was created by Billy Markus from Portland, Oregon and Jackson Palmer from Sydney, Australia, and was forked from Litecoin in December 2013. Dogecoin's creators envisaged it as a fun, light-hearted cryptocurrency that would have greater appeal beyond the core Bitcoin audience, since it was based on a dog meme. Tesla CEO Elon Musk posted several tweets on social media that Dogecoin is his favorite coin.

Dogecoin

Launched in 2021, the XRP Ledger (XRPL) is an open-source, permissionless and decentralized technology. Benefits of the XRP Ledger include its low-cost ($0.0002 to transact), speed  (settling transactions in 3-5 seconds), scalability (1,500 transactions per second) and inherently green attributes (carbon-neutral and energy-efficient). The XRP Ledger also features the first decentralized exchange (DEX) and custom tokenization capabilities built into the protocol. Since 2012, the XRP Ledger has been operating reliably, having closed 70 million ledgers.

The Internet Computer blockchain incorporates a radical rethink of blockchain design, powered by innovations in cryptography. It provides the first “World Computer” blockchain that can be used to build almost any online system or service, including demanding web social media, without need for traditional IT such as cloud computing services. As such it can enable full end-to-end decentralization.

Internet Computer

The Graph is an indexing protocol for querying data for networks like Ethereum and IPFS, powering many applications in both DeFi and the broader Web3 ecosystem. Anyone can build and publish open APIs, called subgraphs, that applications can query using GraphQL to retrieve blockchain data. There is a hosted service in production that makes it easy for developers to get started building on The Graph and the decentralized network will be launching later this year. The Graph currently supports indexing data from Ethereum, IPFS and POA, with more networks coming soon.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of The Graph.

To date, over3,000 subgraphs have been deployed by thousands of developers, for DApps like Uniswap, Synthetix, Aragon, AAVE, Gnosis, Balancer, Livepeer, DAOstack, Decentraland and many others. The Graph usage has been growing at over 50% MoM and hit over 7 billion queries during the month of September 2020.

The Graph has a global community, including over 200 Indexer Nodes in the testnet and more than 2,000 Curators in the Curator Program as of October 2020. To fund network development, The Graph raised funds from community members, strategic VCs and influential individuals in the blockchain community including Coinbase Ventures, DCG, Framework, ParaFi Capital, CoinFund, DTC, Multicoin, Reciprocal Ventures, SPC, Tally Capital and others. The Graph Foundation also successfully completed a public GRT Sale with participation from 99 countries (not including the U.S.). To date as of November 2020, The Graph has raised ~$25M.

Bitcoin is a decentralized cryptocurrency originally described in a 2008 whitepaper by a person, or group of people, using the alias Satoshi Nakamoto. It was launched soon after, in January 2009.

Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer online currency, meaning that all transactions happen directly between equal, independent network participants, without the need for any intermediary to permit or facilitate them. Bitcoin was created, according to Nakamoto’s own words, to allow “online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution.”

Some concepts for a similar type of a decentralized electronic currency precede BTC, but Bitcoin holds the distinction of being the first-ever cryptocurrency to come into actual use.