## ما هي Steem (STEEM)؟

إنّ Steem [سلسلة كتل](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/blockchain) تُركز على المجتمع وتخلق فرصة كسب فورية لمستخدمي الشبكة. تم تصميم البروتوكول لتوفير فرصة ربح للعملاء بناءً على قيمتها بالنسبة للشبكة. كما أنه مصمم لتزويد المستخدمين بمنصة حيث يمكنهم نشر محتوى منظم عبر الإنترنت والحصول على أموال بالعملة المشفرة.

إنّ البروتوكول عبارة عن قاعدة بيانات محفزة ومتاحة للجمهور قائمة على سلسلة الكتل، تُتيح للمستخدمين التفاعل مع أنفسهم وتحقيق أرباح في المقابل. كما تستفيد من التقنيات من كل من وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي والعملات المشفرة لتزويد المستخدمين بقيمة. تضمن الشبكة المعاملة العادلة للمساهمين من خلال تشغيل هيكل مكافأة يعكس مساهمة كل مستخدم.

إنّ [Steemit](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/steem/social/) هو أول تطبيق تم إنشاؤه على سلسلة كتل Steem، وتم إطلاقه في 4 يوليو 2016. يهدف البروتوكول إلى توفير قيمة لمجتمع المستخدمين بالطرق التالية:

* لتقديم الأخبار والشروحات المختارة بعناية.
* خلق فرصة للكسب.
* كمصدر يقدم إجابات على استفسارات المستخدمين.
* تقديم عملة مشفرة ثابتة مرتبطة بالدولار الأمريكي.

### من هم مُؤسسو Steem؟

أطلق نيد سكوت إلى جانب دان لاريمر، مطور سلسلة الكتل، أول تطبيق على سلسلة كتل Steem في يناير، يُسمى Steemit. يشبه التطبيق تطبيقات الشبكات الاجتماعية الأخرى باستثناء أنه يعتمد على تقنية سلسلة الكتل، مما يجعله تطبيقًا لامركزيًا وغير حافظ. إنّ الشبكة خالية من المشاكل الشائعة المتعلقة بالبيانات التي تواجهها المنصات الاجتماعية التقليدية.

عمل نيد سكوت كمحلل مالي للعمليات التجارية ومحلل مالي في شركة أمريكية لاستيراد الأغذية، Gellert Global Group، في فترة ما بين عام 2012 و عام 2015. التقى دان بشريكه في عام 2015 حيث اكتشف أن لديهم نفس الاهتمامات.

إنّ دان لاريمر مهندس برمجيات ورجل أعمال متسلسل مفتون بتقنية سلسلة الكتل ومنصات التداول اللامركزية (DEXs) والعملات المشفرة وغيرها من التقنيات. شارك دان في تأسيس شركة Steem جنبًا إلى جنب مع نيد سكوت، كما شغل منصب المدير التنفيذي للتكنولوجيا إلى أن ترك الشركة في عام 2017.

### ما الذي يميز Steem؟

حققت العديد من شركات وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي التقليدية الكثير من الأموال من خلال المحتوى الذي ينتجه مستخدموها. ومع ذلك ، فإن ما يميز Steem هو الدعم الذي يقدمه لمستخدميه من خلال مكافأتهم على مساهماتهم القيمة في النظام الأساسي.

تتمثل إحدى الميزات الفريدة للشبكة في أنها تعتمد على تقنية blockchain - مما يجعلها الأولى من نوعها. نتيجة لذلك ، فهي غير خاضعة للحراسة ولا مركزية ، ولا يوجد بها أي تعطل أو إساءة استخدام للبيانات ، كما أن بيانات المنصة مؤمنة تمامًا أيضًا. أيضًا ، يتم الدفع للمستخدمين بالعملات المشفرة مقابل المشاركة في النظام الأساسي.

يسترشد Steem بمبدأ أساسي واحد: أن أولئك الذين يساهمون في مشروع ما يجب أن يدفع لهم المالكون ، تمامًا كما تفعل الشركات الناشئة من خلال تخصيص الأسهم خلال جولات التمويل. هناك اعتقاد أساسي آخر هو خدمة أفراد المجتمع من خلال تقديم مختلف الخدمات والفرص المالية.

### كم عدد عملات Steem (STEEM) المُتداولة؟

على عكس سلاسل الكتل الأخرى حيث يتم إنشاء عملات جديدة من خلال التعدين، تُوزع Steem الجزء الأكبر من عملاتها (STEEM) إلى مُجمع المكافآت. إن STEEM العملة الرئيسية للبروتوكول. يوزع المُجمع الرموز للمستخدمين على النظام الأساسي بناءً على مدخلاتهم.

يضيف الشهود (حسابات إنشاء الكتل) كتلًا جديدة إلى سلسلة كتل Steem كل ثلاث ثوانٍ. وعليه يتم إنتاج STEEM بواسطة الشبكة يوميًا ويتم توزيع العملات الجديدة على النحو التالي:

* يتلقى القائمون على صناعة المحتوى والمؤلفون 75% من العملات الجديدة التي تم إنشاؤها.
* ويتم تخصيص 15% من العملات للمستخدمين الذين لديهم مقتنيات Steem Power (وهي عملة مشفرة أخرى من Steem).
* ويتم منح 10% المتبقية إلى الشهود.

إنّ العملات المشفرة الأخرى بخلاف STEEM هما [Steem Dollars (SBD)](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/steem-dollars/) و Steem Power (SP).

### كيف يتم تأمين شبكة Steem؟

بعد أن اشترى جاستن صن، مؤسس منصة Tron، الشركة، تمت إعادة هيكلة عمليات Steem. وعليه لم يعد يتم إنشاء كتل جديدة من خلال التعدين ولا تستخدم الشبكة إثبات العمل.

لا يعتمد البروتوكول على [إثبات العمل](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/proof-of-work-vs-proof-of-stake) لإنشاء كتل جديدة ولكنه يقوم بجدولة الشهود لإنشاء كتلة كل ثلاث ثوانٍ. ولكن سلسلة كتل Steem تستخدم إثبات الحصة المفوض لزيادة سرعة المعاملات على المنصة وجعلها أكثر قابلية للتوسع. ويتم مكافئة الشهود بـ Steem Power مقابل كل كتلة تم إنشاؤها.

### أين يُمكنك شراء Steem (STEEM)؟

هناك العديد من منصات تداول العملات المشفرة حيث يمكن للمستخدمين شراء رموز Steem أو SteemPower أو Steem Dollars (SBD)، أو حتى تحويلها إلى العملات المحلية. كما يمكن للمستخدم الذي ليس لديه حساب أن يشتري من خلال منصات تداول العملات المشفرة، على سبيل المثال، منصة [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/binance/). كما يمكن بسهولة تداول STEEM و Steem Dollars مقابل عملات bitcoin، والتي يمكن تحويلها بعد ذلك إلى عملات ورقية. [انقر هنا](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/blog) للحصول على مزيد من المعلومات حول عالم العملات المشفرة من خلال مدونة CMC.

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What Is Steemit and How Does It Work?

Binance

Steem

Ardor

Hive (HIVE) is a blockchain running on a delegated proof-of-stake (DPoS) consensus mechanism. It launched in March 2020 as a hard fork of the centralized Steem blockchain and as a gateway from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0. The blockchain claims to offer “lightning-fast processing times and fee-less transactions.” Examples of use cases include social media with monetized rewards for content creators, interactive blockchain games, identity management, micro-loans and more. The platform powers decentralized applications (dApps) like Splinterlands, PeakD and HiveBlog.

Hive is a social network of apps and services, where users discover the capacity of blockchain technology, connect to the platform and securely share content through equitable redistribution of value. Thus, the users are the proprietors of the network, and sponsors can contact communities and artists directly without intermediaries.

Hive is an open source blockchain that focuses on scaling through layer-2 sidechains, while still benefiting from a common layer-1 blockchain backbone to ensure distributed data integrity. The Hive ecosystem runs on two cryptocurrencies — the native governance token, HIVE and the USD-pegged HBD stablecoin.

Hive

Status is categorized as a mobile and desktop operating system and decentralized browser that incorporates a messaging system. As such, Status allows you to interact with a network at any time, from anywhere. It was originally released in June in 2017.

It is a light client Ethereum node, and has the ability to give you access to all Ethereum decentralized applications (otherwise known as DApps) from an app that is installed on your mobile phone or tablet. This means that users can send encrypted messages as well as access decentralized applications, including a cryptocurrency wallet.

Status

ARK is a cryptocurrency- and blockchain- based development platform allowing anyone to create their own fully customizable and interoperable blockchain. Reducing the industries need for Smart Contracts by using custom transactions, logic and multiple programming languages. ARK was founded in mid 2016, running a Toekn Exchange Campain(TEC) later that year which raised $800K in bitcoin and other exchanged cryptos. Sound financial planning has allowed the team to become a well-funded entity since its inception. On March 21, 2017, the ARK Public Network went live, hosting the native ARK crypto asset. The ARK business entity formed shortly after, called ARK ECOSYSTEM SCIC. The business entity is commonly referred to as 'ARK.io' which is part of the teams branding as well as the teams website.

The ARK Ecosystem consists of an open-source blockchain technology stack authored in TypeScript programming language. ARK’s public network acts as a live implementation of ARK technology, node operators acting as delegates on the network, standalone blockchains running on ARK technology with independent node operators, business entities that develop products powered by ARK as well as assist in maintaining the code base, an enterprise division driving adoption as well as a community of users, developers and service providers.

The ARK Public Network supports special transaction types such as multi-payment, multisignature, many various registration transactions, and IPFS hash transactions. ARK’s Launcher product, allows fully customizable interoperable blockchain creation using a graphical user interface. This plug and play creation method allows developers to fully utilize ARK’s consensus model, technology stack, product line and custom transactions.

Ontology Gas

Lisk is striving to on-board 100,000,000 users into crypto and web3 by offering an accessible blockchain application platform and an industry leading JavaScript SDK.

Released in 2019, the Lisk SDK enables developers to build application-specific blockchains entirely in JavaScript, the most widely used programming language in the world. To get a deep-dive into the Lisk SDK, please visit the Lisk SDK documentation or watch Lisk.js 2019 and Lisk.js 2022.

To be released in 2022, the Lisk blockchain application platform allows interoperability between all application-specific blockchains built with the Lisk SDK. With other words, users will be able to use DeFi, NFT or Metaverse blockchain applications on Lisk.

To better understand why Lisk is important watch the following videos: The Case for Lisk and The Ultimate Vision for Lisk.

If you are curious about Lisk’s history and journey, watch Looking Back on Lisk.

The Lisk project is managed by the Lisk Foundation, a non-profit entity based in Zug, Switzerland. A local team of experts specialized in law and finance, as well as yearly audits, ensure the proper handling of funds and regulatory compliance under the supervision of the Swiss Federal Foundation Supervisory Authority (ESA, Eidgenössische Stiftungsaufsicht).

The Lisk products are developed by the Lightcurve GmbH, a Berlin based blockchain studio. With a team of over 40 blockchain experts, Lightcurve is researching, developing and promoting the Lisk SDK and the Lisk blockchain application platform.

Lisk

Civic is a blockchain-based identity management solution that gives individuals and businesses the tools they need to control and protect personal identity information.

The platform is designed to change the way we think about identity verification by giving users more control over their personal data, while allowing them to access a wide range of services without needing to fork over excessive amounts of personal information.

Civic's identity verification solution uses distributed ledger technology to authorize identity usage in real time, and is used to sparingly share information with Civic partners after authorization by the user.

Unlike some other identity management services, Civic users store all their sensitive data on their mobile device. Users are able to authorize the sharing of specific personal data by providing a biometric signature through the Civic app.

The Civic ecosystem is enabled by a unique utility token known as the Civic token (CVC), which is used for the settlement of identity-related transactions between Civic participants — such as between a customer and service provider.

Users can earn CVC tokens for completing a variety of tasks, such as signing up for a service through the platform or introducing new users, while validators can earn CVCs for validating documents for service providers.

Civic was launched in 2018, following a sell-out initial coin offering (ICO) the year prior.

Civic

Metal DAO

Bancor is an ecosystem of decentralized, open-source protocols that promote on-chain trading and liquidity.

Its main protocol, Carbon, is a decentralized trading protocol allowing users to perform automated trading strategies using custom on-chain limit orders and range orders, with the option of combining orders together to create automated buy low, sell high strategies.

By design, Carbon orders are irreversible on execution, easily adjustable directly on-chain, and resistant to MEV sandwich attacks. These capabilities give users an unprecedented level of control and automation to perform novel trading strategies on-chain.

Fast Lane, a separate open-source arbitrage protocol, allows any user to perform arbitrage between Bancor ecosystem protocols and external on-chain exchanges and redirect arbitrage profits back to the Bancor ecosystem.

All Bancor ecosystem protocols are governed by the BancorDAO via staked BNT.

Bancor

Komodo

BitShares Blockchain is a decentralized “Blockchain as Organization” (BaO); an industrial-grade decentralized open source platform built to run high-performance financial technology operations. It represents the first decentralized autonomous decentralized community that enables its core utility token (BTS) holders to decide the Blockchain future direction in order to develop and maintain a wide range of decentralized financial technology products, features and functions. BitShares Blockchain is a Blockchain that permanently records financial technology operations between different Blockchain accounts and facilitates a wide range of access controls across BitShares Blockchain user financial means.

BitShares Blockchain is a technology that supports the digital generation entrepreneurs, investors, and developers with a common interest in building and participating in free market solutions by leveraging the power of globally decentralized consensus and decision making. Consensus technology has the power to do for economics what the internet did for information. It can harness the combined power of all humanity to coordinate the discovery and aggregation of real-time knowledge, previously unobtainable. This knowledge can be used to more effectively coordinate the allocation of resources toward their most productive and valuable use.

BitShares looks to extend the innovation of the Blockchain to all industries that rely upon the internet to provide their services. Whether its banking, stock exchanges, lotteries, voting, music, auctions or many others, a digital public ledger allows for the creation of distributed autonomous companies (or BaO) that provide better quality services at a fraction of the cost incurred by their more traditional, centralized counterparts. The advent of (BaO) ushers in a new paradigm in organizational structure in which companies can run without any human management and under the control of an incorruptible set of business rules. These rules are encoded in publicly auditable open source software distributed across the computers of the companies’ shareholders, who effortlessly secure the company from arbitrary control. BitShares does for business what bitcoin did for money by utilizing distributed consensus technology to create companies that are inherently global, transparent, trustworthy, efficient and most importantly profitable.

BitShares has went through many changes and has done its best to stay on top of Blockchain technology. BitShares is using Consensus as the mechanism by which organized people decide upon unitary rational action. While not considered technology in the traditional since, consensus “technology” is the basis of democratic governance and the coordination of free market activity first coined by Adam Smith as the “Invisible Hand.” The process of consensus decision-making allows for all participants to consent upon a resolution of action even if not the favored course of action for each individual participant. Bitcoin was the first system to integrate a fully decentralized consensus method with the modern technology of the internet and peer-to-peer networks in order to more efficiently facilitate the transfer of value through electronic communication. The proof-of-work structure that secures and maintains the Bitcoin network is one manner of organizing individuals who do not necessarily trust one another to act in the best interest of all participants of the network. The BitShares ecosystem employs Delegated Proof of Stake in order to find efficient solutions to distributed consensus decision making.

BitShares

aelf

Ontology is a project designed to bring trust, privacy, and security to Web3 through decentralized identity and data solutions. It is building the infrastructure to provide trusted access to Web3, allowing individuals and enterprises to rest assured that through regulatory compliant digital identity solutions, users and their privacy come first.

The Ontology blockchain is a high speed, low cost public blockchain. It is designed to bring decentralized identity and data solutions to Web3, with the goal of increasing privacy, transparency, and trust. To achieve this, users and enterprises are provided with the flexibility to build blockchain-based solutions that suit their needs, while also ensuring regulatory compliance. Through Ontology’s Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), Ontology ensures frictionless compatibility with Ethereum, the first step in the creation of the Ontology Multi-Virtual Machine and further interoperability for the chain.

At its launch, Ontology chose to forego the popular initial coin offering (ICO) model in favor of a series of community distributions and airdrops of its ONT cryptocurrency.

This helped to quickly establish both organic price discovery and a passionate community and helped the project to avoid subsequent regulatory scrutiny.

For example, for a brief period any person who signed up for the Ontology newsletter received an airdrop of free 1,000 ONT, which reached a value of $10 per token soon after the token became listed on major exchanges like Binance.

Ontology launched its own MainNet on June 30, 2018 and has been up and running smoothly since.

Ontology

Apps use ICON to operate cross-chain seamlessly, build momentum and gain reputation. ICON's Cross-Chain Framework simplifies cross-chain development with its easy-to-use xCall messaging standard and connections to secure bridging protocols.

ICON

JUST is a popular new decentralized finance (DeFi) ecosystem built for the TRON blockchain. It is an entire suite of products that are mostly centered around a decentralized stablecoin lending platform known as JustStable.

The platform launched in August 2020 following an initial exchange offering (IEO) on the Poloniex LaunchBase platform earlier that same year, but the native governance token of the platform (JST) has been circulating since May 2020.

It is a two-token ecosystem built around the USDJ and JUST (JST) tokens. USDJ is a multi-collateral stablecoin that has its value pegged to the value of the US dollar (USD), whereas JST has a variety of functions on the platform — paying interest, helping maintain the platform and participating in its governance, helping to set parameters like interest rates (stability fees) and the minimum collateralization ratio.

To obtain USDJ on JUST, traders need to deposit collateral in the form of supported collateral tokens — including TRON (TRX), which are exchanged to PTRX tokens and locked as collateral forming a collateralized debt position (CDP). Depending on the amount of collateral deposited, users can then mint and withdraw USDJ, which must later be repaid to retrieve the initial collateral.

The platform is designed to provide a fair and borderless hub of DeFi products, that any TRON user can access.

JUST

Verge is a privacy-focused cryptocurrency and blockchain that seeks to offer a fast, efficient, decentralized payments network that improves upon the original Bitcoin (BTC) blockchain. It includes additional privacy features including integrating the anonymity network Tor into its wallet, called vergePay, and providing the option of sending transactions to stealth addresses.

The project describes itself as community-driven, relying on volunteers and priding itself on being open source.

Verge was first launched in October 2014 as DogeCoinDark, a fork of Peercoin (PPC). In February 2016, it was renamed Verge in order to rebrand for easier mass-market adoption and to distinguish itself from Dogecoin (DOGE), with which it has no direct connection. The project is now based on the Bitcoin source code.

Verge

Orchid (OXT) is the native token of Orchid, a cryptocurrency-powered virtual private network (VPN).

Launched in December 2019, Orchid describes itself as the world’s first incentivized, peer-to-peer privacy network.

Its aim is to overcome internet freedom limitations by using cryptocurrency payments to allow anyone to purchase bandwidth from any participating provider. This is done using so-called probabilistic nanopayments, which occur using OXT, an ERC-20 standard token on Ethereum.

Regular payments to providers occur off-chain, allowing Orchid to avoid problems with congestion and gas fees on the Ethereum network.

The service is pay-per-use, meaning that users only have to contribute funds when they actually connect, instead of paying monthly or annual fees.

Orchid

Aragon

Billed as "digital money for the modern world," nano is a lightweight cryptocurrency that is designed to facilitate secure, practically instant payments, without fees, and addresses some of the major limitations of both legacy financial infrastructure, and many modern cryptocurrencies.

Development of the project began in 2014 under the name RaiBlocks, and the coin (then termed XRB) launched the following year through a public faucet, which allowed users to claim small amounts of XRB after completing a captcha challenge. Anyone with access to a computer or phone could solve captchas, and be rewarded with RaiBlocks. The number of XRB people received per solved captcha varied over time

RaiBlocks (XRB) was rebranded to Nano in January 2018, with the new name chosen to better represent the speed and simplicity the project offers to users.

It is a peer-to-peer platform that uses a unique block-lattice data structure to allow users to easily transfer value to one another without relying on centralized intermediaries.

Unlike other platforms which typically use the combined proof-of-work of a massive mining network to achieve consensus, nano instead uses a system known as Open Representative Voting (ORV) — which sees account holders vote for their chosen representative, who then work to confirm blocks of transactions securely.

ORV makes Nano extremely energy efficient, positioning it as a more environmentally friendly alternative to proof-of-work (POW)-based cryptocurrencies.

In November, 2021, aiming to bring nano to the real world and to comply with the globally-recognized standards of the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) requirements, nano adopted a new ticker and a standard symbol: XNO and Ӿ.