## ما هي Ravencoin (RVN)؟

إنّ Ravencoin شبكة رقمية من ند لند ([P2P](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/peer-to-peer-p2p)) تهدف إلى تفعيل سلسلة كتل لحالة استخدام محددة، مصممة للتعامل بكفاءة مع وظيفة محددة: وهي نقل الأصول من طرف إلى آخر. تم الإعلان عن Ravencoin، وهي مبنية على انقسام (fork) كود Bitcoin، في 31 أكتوبر 2017 وأصدرت أزواج للتعدين في 3 يناير 2018 مع ما يسمى الإطلاق العادل (fair launch): حيث لا يوجد ما قبل التعدين (premine) أو عرض العملة الأولي (ICO) أو عُقد التدقيق (Masternodes). وتم تسميتها في إشارة إلى المسلسل التلفزيوني "صراع العروش" (Game of Thrones).

### من هم مُؤسسو Ravencoin؟

قام كل من بروس فينتون و ترون بلاك وجويل ويث بنشر الورقة البيضاء الخاصة بمشروع Ravencoin.

لقد تميزوا عن غالبية جمهور رواد العملات المشفرة لأنهم كانوا جميعًا رجال أعمال ومطورين متمرسين قبل أن يبدأوا هذا المشروع.

إنّ فينتون غني عن التعريف في مجال العملات المشفرة، كونه عضوًا في مجلس الإدارة ومديرًا تنفيذيًا لمؤسسة Bitcoin في المدة ما بين 2015 إلى 2018. قبل دخول عالم العملات المشفرة، حظي برحلة مهنية غنية في مجال الخدمات المصرفية الاستثمارية كنائب رئيس مورغان ستانلي في التسعينيات والمدير الإداري لشركة Atlantis Consulting لمدة 13 عامًا. ويشغل حاليًا منصب مدير عام لشركة Chainstone Labs، وهي شركة ناشئة في مجال التكنولوجيا المالية.

إنّ ترون بلاك مطور برامج متمكن يتمتع بخبرة تزيد عن 30 عامًا، فضلاً عن قيادة العديد من شركات البرمجيات كرئيس تنفيذي. يعمل بلاك في مجال العملات المشفرة منذ 2013، حيث عمل في العديد من المشاريع بما في ذلك Verified Wallet و CoinCPA و t0. ويعمل حاليًا في Medici Ventures، وهي شركة تابعة لـ Overstock.com، تركز على تطبيقات مستندة إلى تقنية سلسلة الكتل.

إنّ ويث كبير مسؤولي التكنولوجيا في Overstock.com، وهو بائع تجزئة غني عن التعريف على الإنترنت. شغل سابقًا مناصب الرئيس التنفيذي للعمليات (COO) وكبير مسؤولي التكنولوجيا (CTO) أيضًا في Medici Ventures. كما أنّه مطور برمجيات مخضرم بدأ حياته المهنية بعد تخرجه من جامعة يوتا في عام 1998 في منتصف فقاعة الإنترنت الاقتصادية (فقاعة الدوت كوم).

### ما الذي يُميز Ravencoin

بصفته انقسام (fork) لكود Bitcoin، تتميز Ravencoin بأربعة تغييرات رئيسية: جدول الإصدار المعدل (مع مكافأة كتلة تبلغ 5,000 RVN)، وتخفيض وقت إنتاج الكتلة إلى دقيقة واحدة، وتوريد العملات بحد أقصى 21 مليار (ألف ضعف BTC) وخوارزمية التعدين (KAWPOW، تُعرف سابقًا X16R و X16RV2 على التوالي)، حيث تهدف إلى التخفيف من مركزية التعدين، بسبب أجهزة ASIC.

تهدف Ravencoin إلى حل مشكلة نقل الأصول والتداول عبر سلسلة الكتل. سابقًا، إذا أنشأ شخص ما أصلًا على سلسلة كتل Bitcoin، فقد يتم تدمير الأصل عن طريق الخطأ عندما يتداول شخص ما في العملات التي تم إنشاؤها باستخدامه.

تم تصميم عملات RVN كعملة داخلية داخل الشبكة ويجب حرقها من أجل إصدار أصول رموز على Ravenchain. ويمكن أن تمثل الأصول أي شيء: عناصر حافظة في العالم الحقيقي مثل الذهب أو اليورو الورقي، والسلع والأشياء الافتراضية، وحصة من مشروع مثل الأسهم والأوراق المالية، وأميال خطوط الطيران، أو ساعة من أجر شخص ما، وما إلى ذلك.

ستدعم الإصدارات المستقبلية من بروتوكول Ravencoin أنظمة المراسلة والتصويت المتكاملة.

#### صفحات ذات صلة:

اكتشف المزيد حول [Counterparty](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/counterparty/)، أحد بروتوكولات التشفير الأولى لتداول الأصول.

ربما حان الوقت للتعمق في [Polkadot](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/a-deep-dive-into-polkadot)، وهو بروتوكول ناشئ، مُتعدد السلاسل يُسهِل نقل أي بيانات أو أصول عبر السلاسل.

[ما هو تعدين الدوائر المتكاملة محددة التطبيقات (ASIC)؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-asic-mining)

هل تريد معرفة كيف بدأت؟ اقرأ شرحنا عن [Bitcoin](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/bitcoin/).

هل أنت جاهز للمزيد من المعلومات حول مجال العملات المشفرة؟ ألق نظرة على [مدونتنا](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/blog) للحصول على أحدث الأخبار والأفكار حول العملات المشفّرة.

### كم عدد عملات Ravencoin (RVN) المُتداولة؟

تصر Ravencoin على أن تكون عادلة ومنفتحة قدر الإمكان كونها عملة مشفرة جديدة. حيث لم يكن هناك ما قبل التعدين، أو عرض أولي للعملة (ICO)، كما لم يتم الاحتفاظ بأي عملات لمكافآت لمطورين أو المؤسسين.

في غضون ثلاث سنوات منذ إنشائها (اعتبارًا من مارس 2021)، تم بالفعل تعدين ما نسبته 39% من العملات. يبلغ إجمالي المعروض 21 مليار عملة.

### كيف يتم تأمين شبكة Ravencoin؟

إنّ Ravencoin انقسام (fork) عن كود Bitcoin، لذا فهي محمية بقوة اللامركزية والحسابية. فهي تستخدم خوارزمية تعدين إثبات العمل تسمى KAWPOW ، والتي حلت محل X16R و X16RV2 في 6 مايو 2020. فإنّ هذا لا يضمن الأمان فحسب، بل إنه مصمم ليكون مقاومًا للدوائر المتكاملة محددة التطبيقات (ASIC).

تستخدم مجموعة خوارزمية X16r المستخدمة في البداية 16 خوارزمية تجزئة مختلفة لكل كتلة تعدين، لكن ترتيب استخدامها يختلف لكل كتلة ويتم اشتقاقه من آخر 8 بايت من تجزئة الكتلة السابقة. كان يُعتقد أن ضرورة تكييف كل دورة لم تمنح الدوائر المتكاملة محددة التطبيقات (ASICs) أي ميزة على وحدات المعالجة المركزية (CPUs) ووحدات معالجة الرسومات (GPUs). في النهاية، تم إنشاء الدوائر المتكاملة محددة التطبيقات (ASICs) لها، وكان على Ravencoin التبديل إلى خوارزمية مختلفة تمامًا، KAWPOW، والتي كانت نسخة معدلة قليلاً من ProgPow، والتي كانت في حد ذاتها تطور Ethash وتم تحسينها للتعدين على وحدات معالجة الرسومات (GPUs).

هذا، جنبًا إلى جنب مع الالتزام بالتوزيع العادل مع عدم وجود عملات ما قبل التعدين، ويقصد به ضمان عدم امتلاك فرد أو مؤسسة ما أو القدرة على امتلاك قوة تجزئة كافية لمحاولة هجوم 51% أو إنشاء أي نوع من أسعار السوق الصادمة المصطنعة.

ولسوء الحظ، كان هناك اختراق معروف ناجح لسلسلة كتل Ravencoin، والذي تم إبلاغ الجمهور به في 3 يونيو 2020. تمكن الهاكرز خلال الهجوم من سك عملة 315 مليون RVN على الفور، والتي تشكل حوالي 1.5% من سقف العرض في Ravencoin والبالغ 21 مليارًا. في وقت الإعلان، تم تقدير سعر RVN المسروقة بـ 5.7 مليون دولار أمريكي. لم يتأثر أي من مُحتفظي العملات الحاليين بشكل مباشر بالهجوم.

### أين يُمكنك شراء Ravencoin (RVN)؟

إنّ RVN هي عملة يتم تداولها بحرية مع أزواج مقابل العملات المستقرة، مثل Tether (USDT)، والعملات المشفرة الأخرى مثل Bitcoin و Ethereum، فضلاً عن الأموال الورقية.

إنّ أكبر المنصات التي تتداول Ravencoin هي [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/binance/) و [Huobi Global](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/huobi-global/) و [OKEx](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/okex/) و [ZG.com](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/zg-com/) و [VCC](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/vcc-exchange/). ويمكنك العثور على منصات أخرى ضمن [الأسواق في صفحة العملة المشفّرة](https://coinmarketcap.com/rankings/exchanges/).

هل أنت جديد في عالم العملات المشفرة وتريد معرفة طريقة شراء بيتكوين (BTC) أو أي رمز آخر؟ اعرف التفاصيل من [هنا](https://coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/).

وفيما يلي بعض المقالات الأخرى، التي قد تهمك:

* [ما هو صنبور العملات المشفرة؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-a-crypto-faucet)
* [ما هي بطاقات السحب المصرفية للعملات المشفرة؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-are-crypto-debit-cards)
* [ما هو Web 3.0؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-web-3-0)
* [ماذا تعني زراعة الغلال (Yield Farming)؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-yield-farming)
* [ما هو إقراض العملات المشفرة؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-crypto-lending)

Binance

Ravencoin

Ledger

Atomic wallet

Welcome to Ravencoin's Community channel aggregated by CoinMarketCap.

The 1inch Network unites decentralized protocols whose synergy enables the most lucrative, fastest, and protected operations in the DeFi space.

The 1inch Network's first protocol is a decentralized exchange (DEX) aggregator solution that searches deals across multiple liquidity sources, offering users better rates than any individual exchange. The 1inch Aggregation Protocol incorporates the Pathfinder algorithm for finding the best paths across over 400+ liquidity sources on 12 chains: Ethereum, BNB Chain, Polygon, Avalanche, Optimism, Arbitrum, Fantom, Gnosis Chain, Klaytn, Aurora, zkSync and Base.

In just over two years the 1inch DEX aggregator has reached 1M users and surpassed $150B in overall volume on the Ethereum network alone.

The 1inch Limit Order Protocol facilitates the most innovative and flexible limit order swap opportunities in DeFi. The protocol’s features, such as dynamic pricing, conditional orders, and extra RFQ support, power various implementations, including stop-loss and trailing stop orders, as well as auctions.

The 1inch Wallet is a multichain mobile platform that provides an easy-to-navigate interface with secure storing, transaction, and staking capabilities. This versatile wallet was built from the ground up to streamline interacting with 1inch’s features.

The 1INCH token is the governance and utility token of the 1inch Network. 1INCH holders can stake their tokens to participate in the 1inch Network's DAO governance, including the 1inch DAO Treasury management. Also, holders can choose resolvers and earn a part of their fees.

With the 1inch Fusion, users can stake 1INCH tokens to receive Unicorn Power (UP), then subsequently delegate their UP to any 1inch Fusion Resolver to start receiving rewards from them. When staking, there is the option to set a custom or preset lock period. User’s st1INCH tokens cannot be unstaked/withdrawn without penalty until the designated lock period expires.

In December 2020, 1inch raised $12 million in Series A funding, led by Pantera Capital, with others including ParaFi Capital, Blockchain Capital, Nima Capital, and Spartan Group. The funding round was conducted through a SAFT (simple agreement for future tokens) sale.

In December 2021, 1inch has closed a $175 million Series B round, led by Amber Group. Among about 50 investors that participated in the funding event are Jane Street, VanEck, Fenbushi Capital, Alameda Research, Celsius, Nexo, Tribe Capital and Gemini Frontier Fund.

1inch Network

Enjin Coin is a project of Enjin, a company that provides an ecosystem of interconnected, blockchain-based gaming products. Enjin's flagship offering is the Enjin Network, a social gaming platform through which users can create websites and clans, chat, and host virtual item stores.

Enjin allows game developers to tokenize in-game items on the Ethereum blockchain. It uses Enjin Coin, an ERC-20 token, to back the digital assets issued using its platform, meaning that items can be bought, sold and traded with real-world value.

Enjin Coin was first announced in July 2017, and it launched on the Ethereum mainnet in June 2018.

Enjin Coin (ENJ) is a digital store of value used to back the value of blockchain assets like non-fungible tokens (NFTs).
Every asset minted with the Enjin Platform contains ENJ, a minting resource which is locked inside NFTs and removed from circulation. Minting blockchain assets with ENJ provides a variety of benefits to creators and users:

Infuses them with a reserve value

Ensures their transparency and scarcity

Gives them instant liquidity

Provides utility in games and apps

Anti-inflationary

Enjin's "melting" functionality allows users to destroy their blockchain assets at any time to retrieve the ENJ value from within.

The Enjin blockchain ecosystem aims to offer software products that make it easy for everyone to develop, trade, monetize, and market with blockchain.

Founded in 2009, Enjin has roots in the gaming industry, with the company’s first product, a gaming community platform called the Enjin Network, growing to 20 million users over the course of a decade.

In 2017 following an ICO, Enjin established itself as a leading blockchain ecosystem developer, building a suite of software products that enable anyone to easily mint, manage, trade, distribute, and integrate blockchain assets.

Enjin’s co-founder Witek Radomski wrote the code for one of the first ever non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and is also the co-author of the ERC-1155 Ethereum token standard.

Built on top of an on-chain infrastructure, the Enjin ecosystem enables game developers and businesses of all sizes to use tokenized digital assets as part of their acquisition, retention, engagement, and monetization strategies. The Enjin ecosystem is fueled by Enjin Coin (ENJ), a cryptocurrency used to back the value of blockchain assets.

Enjin Coin

Chiliz is the leading digital currency for sports and entertainment by the eponymous Malta-based FinTech provider. It operates the blockchain-based sports entertainment platform Socios, which enables users to participate in the governance of their favorite sports brands. Multiple fan tokens by Socios.com are an example of that. For sports clubs and associations, fan tokens offer a way of connecting with their fans and unlocking new revenue streams.

For instance, fans can participate and influence club-related decisions through surveys and polls, such as messages the captain should wear on his armband. The company aims to bridge the gap between being an active and a passive fan. Chiliz has developed partnerships with some of the biggest sporting institutions in the world: FC Barcelona, Manchester City, Juventus Turin, and Paris Saint-Germain. It also boasts partnerships with the UFC and gaming organizations. By purchasing CHZ, fans get access to various fan tokens and literally have a stake in their club.

Chiliz

Linear is a decentralized delta-one asset protocol capable of instantly creating synthetic assets with unlimited liquidity. The project opens traditional assets like commodities, forex, market indices and other thematic sectors to cryptocurrency users by supporting the creation of “Liquids” — Linear’s synthetic asset tokens.

The protocol consists of various products like Linear.Buildr, a DApp used to manage Liquids using Linear (LINA) and other tokens as collateral. The exchange is specifically created to enable trading of a variety of Liquids with rapid confirmation times and robust security.

LINA is an ERC-20 token built on the Ethereum network whose main purpose is as collateral for Liquids (using Buildr) and for community governance of the protocol. All token holders have access to the Linear DAO, enabling them to vote on different initiatives and proposals, helping to shape the development of the Linear ecosystem.

The main goal of Linear is to provide a superior user experience with better scalability and greater speed thanks to the cross-chain capabilities of the protocol. Linear Finance intends to provide a simple solution for users that want exposure to traditional assets while still benefiting from the features enabled only by blockchain technology.

Linear Finance

Zilliqa is a public, permissionless blockchain that is designed to offer high throughput with the ability to complete thousands of transactions per second. It seeks to solve the issue of blockchain scalability and speed by employing sharding as a second-layer scaling solution. The platform is home to many decentralized applications, and as of October 2020, it also allows for staking and yield farming.

Development work officially started on Zilliqa in June 2017, and its testnet went live in March 2018. A little over a year later, in June 2019, the platform launched its mainnet.

The native utility token of Zilliqa, ZIL, is used to process transactions on the network and execute smart contracts.

Zilliqa

Self-described as "Polkadot's wild cousin," Kusama is an experimental blockchain platform that is designed to provide a massively interoperable and scalable framework for developers.

Kusama is built on Substrate — a blockchain building kit developed by Parity Technologies. Kusama has almost the same codebase as Polkadot — one of the most successful interoperable blockchains.

By deploying on Kusama, fast-paced projects gain access to a highly scalable, interoperable sharded network, with features that are not yet available on Polkadot. To that end, Kusama describes itself as a “canary network.”

The platform is designed to provide a testbed for developers looking to innovate and deploy their own blockchain and can be used as a preparatory network before launching on Polkadot — though many projects opt to stick with Kusama for their final product.

Kusama benefits from a low barrier to entry for deploying parachains, low bond requirements for validators, and is most commonly used by early-stage startups and for experimentation.

Kusama

Holo is a peer-to-peer distributed platform for hosting decentralized applications built using Holochain, a framework for developing DApps that does not require the use of blockchain technology. The goal of Holo is to serve as a bridge between the broader internet and apps built using Holochain, offering an ecosystem and marketplace in which DApps are easily accessible, as they are hosted on the internet by Holo network participants.

The Holo network will be facilitated using a token called HoloFuel, which is actively being tested and will act as an accounting system to pay hosts for their services. In 2018, the project minted an ERC-20 token, HOT — also known as HoloToken — as an "IOU" that will be redeemable for HoloFuel upon launch.

Holo is still in development and is expected to launch for open alpha and beta testing by 2021.

Holo

Theta Network

Ethereum Classic (ETC) is the original Ethereum (ETH) blockchain that launched in July 2015. Its main function is as a smart contract network, with the ability to host and support decentralized applications (DApps). Its native token is ETC.

Since its launch, Ethereum Classic has sought to differentiate itself from Ethereum, with the two networks’ technical roadmap diverging further and further from each other with time.

Ethereum Classic first set out to preserve the integrity of the existing Ethereum blockchain after a major hacking event led to the theft of 3.6 million ETH.

Ethereum Classic

Cortex

Pancakeswap was originally built on the BNB Chain and allows users to trade tokens without using a centralized exchange. It provides an array of products, such as:

An exchange to swap tokens

A yield farm to earn rewards

Syrup pools to stake CAKE tokens

Ethereum liquid staking (wBETH) and simple staking

Pancake Protectors game

v3 position manager (new feature)

A prediction market

Initial Farm Offering (IFO) token launches

A bridge to bridge CAKE to Ethereum and Aptos

A lottery

An NFT marketplace

Pancakeswap innovates quickly and ships new products regularly. In April 2023, PancakeSwap voted to transition to a deflationary token model called "Ultrasound CAKE." The protocol passed a proposal called CAKE Tokenomics v2.5 to create a structure combining real yield (no supply impact) and reduced token emissions. Over 102% of minted CAKE is burned weekly. This is intended to provide a multi-year runway for emissions and incentivize locking up CAKE, making the token more valuable long-term.

PancakeSwap has an anonymous team of “Chefs,” working in the PancakeSwap “Kitchen.” The platform is open-source and has been audited by multiple reputable blockchain security firms like Peckshield and Slowmist.

Although the bear market has impacted TVL and trading volume for the protocol, PancakeSwap still boasts an annualized revenue of $27 million, with 42% of CAKE is staked:

PancakeSwap

NEM is a blockchain platform that was launched in March of 2015. It was one of the pioneers of the cryptocurrency industry, and sought to improve on the imperfections found on other chains at the time. It was one of the first non-turing complete chains to feature user-defined tokens (called mosaics), namespaces, multisignature accounts, and a P2P reputation system based on EigenTrust++. Its most notable contribution to the space is the proof-of-importance consensus mechanism, which sought to reward on-chain activity and deter the concentration of wealth commonly associated with proof-of-stake. Its client, NIS, is written in Java.

NEM has a global community. It sees the most utility as an alternative form of payment for businesses and vendors, and has a variety of social media apps built on top of it in Japan, such as nemgraph, a community-driven owned and operated alternative to Instagram.

In December 2021, NEM was hard forked by a pseudonymous team of cryptocurrency experts and enthusiasts alike. Titled Harlock, this hard fork signaled the community’s intent to take NEM from a shadow of its former self into the world’s leading payments platform for on-chain and off-chain media content.

Stellar (XLM) is a peer-to-peer (P2P) decentralized network created in 2014 by The Stellar Development Foundation or Stellar.org. The network officially launched in 2015 with the purpose of connecting the world's financial systems and ensuring a protocol for payment providers and financial institutions. The platform is designed to move financial resources swiftly and reliably at minimal cost. Stellar links people, banks, payment processors and allows users to create, send and trade multiple types of crypto.

The basis of the network is its native digital currency - XLM or Lumens. XLM acts as an intermediate currency for operations and is also used to pay transaction fees. How it works: the protocol converts money in a few seconds, first into XLM, and then into the requested currency.

The Stellar payment protocol is based on distributed ledger technology -- an open-source development, community-owned and distributed by community. The crypto asset of the Stellar platform helps with cross-border transactions, overcoming the problems of high fees and slow procedures. XLM is more focused on assisting individuals transfer money than they are with institutions. Thus, Stellar offers access to financial systems, and people can send money at low cost and promptly around the world.

Moreover, Stellar serves as a decentralized exchange and marketplace, with a built-in order book that tracks ownership of Stellar assets. Platform users can manage buy/sell orders, as well as select and set their preferred assets in settlements. XLM is a built-in coin that helps reduce transaction fees.

The network maintains a high level of security.  XLM holders must have at least one token in order to remain active on the network. This nuance performs a global goal - the execution of network transactions efficiently and with minimal time costs. Plus, Lumens offers protection against flood attacks by making microtransactions too expensive for hackers with no chance of profit, which keeps Stellar Network safe from serious threats.

The target audience of Stellar is the inhabitants of developing countries, ordinary users who are provided access to the global economy through fast, simple and inexpensive transactions. Stellar Network makes extensive use of Lumens to produce live convection as well as to send cash in multiple currencies; currency is sent from one peer, and the recipient can receive the amount in another currency. This feature is beneficial when a transaction is made between currencies without widely traded pairs.

Support for multi-currency transactions is another competitive advantage of Stellar, and the ability for cross-currency transactions has only enhanced processes with foreign operations. Moreover, stable speed and low transaction costs are a privilege that users receive.

This functionality is powered by a development called Anchors (a bridge between different currencies and the network), which simplifies the exchange within the network and helps speed up the whole process.

In summary, the benefits of Stellar (XLM) include:

Stellar

Harmony is a blockchain platform designed to facilitate the creation and use of decentralized applications (DApps). The network aims to innovate the way decentralized applications work by focusing on random state sharding, which allows creating blocks in seconds.

According to the project’s website, Harmony is expected to introduce cross-shard contracts and a cross-chain infrastructure by the end of 2021.

Harmony

Siacoin (SC) is the native utility token of Sia, a blockchain-based distributed, decentralized cloud storage platform. Sia acts as a secure, trustless marketplace for cloud storage in which users can lease access to their unused storage space. Agreements and transactions are enforced with smart contracts, and Siacoin is the medium of exchange for paying for storage on the network. The main goal of the project is to become the "backbone storage layer of the internet."

Sia was originally announced in May 2014 before being revised and re-announced a year later in May 2015. It officially launched in June 2015.

Siacoin

DigiByte (DGB) is an open source blockchain and asset creation platform. Development began in October 2013 and the genesis block of its DGB token was mined in January 2014 as a fork of Bitcoin (BTC).

A longstanding public blockchain and cryptocurrency, DigiByte uses five different algorithms to improve security, and originally aimed to improve on the Bitcoin blockchain’s security, capacity and transaction speed.

DigiByte consists of three layers: a smart contract “App Store,” a public ledger and the core protocol featuring nodes communicating to relay transactions.

DigiByte

Fantom is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) smart contract platform providing decentralized finance (DeFi) services to developers using its own bespoke consensus algorithm.

Together with its in-house token FTM, Fantom aims to solve problems associated with smart-contract platforms, specifically transaction speed, which developers say they have reduced to under two seconds.

The Fantom Foundation, which oversees the Fantom product offering, was originally created in 2018, with the launch of OPERA, Fantom’s mainnet, coming in December 2019.

Fantom is an open-source decentralized smart contract platform for DApps and digital assets that was created as an alternative to Ethereum. Fantom has the goal of overcoming the limitations of previous generation blockchains and balancing three components: scalability, security and decentralization. The project offers a set of tools to simplify the process of integrating existing DApps, as well as a detailed staking reward system and built-in DeFi instruments.

Fantom is a Layer-1 blockchain that uses a scratch-built consensus mechanism and independent consensus layer, Lachesis, to facilitate DeFi and related services on the basis of smart contracts. Lachesis provides security for other layers as well, including Opera, Fantom's EVM-compatible smart contract chain. The long-playing mission of the project is to “grant compatibility between all transaction bodies around the world.”

One of Fantom's key strengths is its performance and efficient transaction processing, namely thousands of transactions per second, where transactions are settled in 1-2 seconds, and the cost is fractions of a cent per transaction. As a result, Fantom provides higher scalability but at a lower cost.

The ecosystem is based on two main technologies: Lachesis protocol and Opera.

The Lachesis protocol is the core consensus layer that secures the Fantom network by providing both transaction speed and security.

Lachesis is an aBFT consensus engine that uses a directed acyclic graph (DAG) algorithm. How it works: network data can be processed at different times, and the network filters the participants, allowing only one third, which are allocated due to erroneous or malicious behavior, without compromising network processes.

Fantom's Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerant (aBFT) Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism maintains the efficiency of the entire network, its design provides security at maximum speed. Fantom developers emphasize that the PoS mechanism is a leaderless phenomenon — there are no leaders of blocks and participants, and anyone can join (or leave) the network of nodes at a convenient moment.

The key qualities of Lachesis are: asynchronous, leaderless, Byzantine fault-tolerant, and near-instant finality.

As for Opera, it's an application development layer or Fantom's mainnet deployment platform, permissionless and open-source hosting DApps. Thanks to EVM integration and support for the Solidity programming language, Fantom has a full set of smart contract capabilities, which allows users to seamlessly interact with Ethereum platforms while maintaining the advantage of Fantom's transaction efficiency.

The Fantom Foundation concluded that removing block leaders improves network security, so Opera uses a PoS model and leaderless validators (validators do not determine which blocks are valid).

In addition to being a fast, secure and cheap payment platform that enables to make fast and secure payments at minimal cost, Fantom also features on-chain governance where users vote with FTM tokens (one token equals one vote). Of the features: users have the right to express the degree of agreement / disagreement on a scale from 0 to 4.

FTM is the native utility in-house PoS token of Fantom that powers the ecosystem and is applied for payments, network fees, staking, and governance. FTM forms the backbone of transactions, and allows fee collection and staking activities, along with the user rewards the latter represents.

Fantom

THORChain is a decentralized liquidity protocol that allows users to easily exchange cryptocurrency assets across a range of networks including Bitcoin and Ethereum without losing full custody of their assets in the process.

With THORChain, users can simply swap one asset for another in a permissionless setting, without needing to rely on order books to source liquidity. Instead, market prices are maintained through the ratio of assets in a pool (see automated market maker.

The native utility token of the THORChain platform is RUNE. This is used as the base currency in the THORChain ecosystem and is also used for platform governance and security as part of THORChain's Sybil resistance mechanisms — since THORChain nodes must commit a minimum of 300k RUNE to participate in its rotating consensus process.

THORChain was funded through an initial DEX offering (IDO) which launched through the Binance DEX in July 2019. Its single-chain chaosnet launched in April 2021, the multi-chain upgrade was launched in April 2021 and Mainnet is now live as of Jun 2022..
Learn more here

THORChain

Mina Protocol is a minimal “succinct blockchain” built to curtail computational requirements in order to run DApps more efficiently. Mina has been described as the world’s lightest blockchain since its size is designed to remain constant despite growth in usage. Furthermore, it remains balanced in terms of security and decentralization. The project was rebranded from Coda Protocol to Mina in October 2020.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Mina Protocol.

The Mina network has a size of only 22 KB, which is miniscule when compared to Bitcoin’s 300 GB blockchain.

Mina

Basic Attention Token, or BAT, is the token that powers a new blockchain-based digital advertising platform designed to fairly reward users for their attention, while providing advertisers with a better return on their ad spend.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Basic Attention Token.

This experience is delivered through the Brave Browser, where users can watch privacy-preserving adverts and receive BAT rewards for doing so. On the other hand, advertisers can deliver targeted ads to maximize engagement and cut down losses due to ad fraud and abuse.

The Basic Attention Token itself is the unit of reward in this advertising ecosystem, and is exchanged between advertisers, publishers and users. Advertisers pay for their advertising campaigns in BAT tokens. Out of this budget, a small portion is distributed to advertisers, while 70% is distributed to users — whereas the intermediaries that typically drive up advertising costs are cut out of the equation to improve cost-efficiency.

Basic Attention Token launched in 2017 following one of the fastest sell-out initial coin offerings (ICOs) of all time, with the platform raising a total of $35 million in under a minute. Since then, it has rolled out its attention-based advertising experience to users in most countries through its Brave Rewards program.

As of November 2020, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada had the most active advertising campaigns.