## ما هي Ravencoin (RVN)؟

إنّ Ravencoin شبكة رقمية من ند لند ([P2P](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/peer-to-peer-p2p)) تهدف إلى تفعيل سلسلة كتل لحالة استخدام محددة، مصممة للتعامل بكفاءة مع وظيفة محددة: وهي نقل الأصول من طرف إلى آخر. تم الإعلان عن Ravencoin، وهي مبنية على انقسام (fork) كود Bitcoin، في 31 أكتوبر 2017 وأصدرت أزواج للتعدين في 3 يناير 2018 مع ما يسمى الإطلاق العادل (fair launch): حيث لا يوجد ما قبل التعدين (premine) أو عرض العملة الأولي (ICO) أو عُقد التدقيق (Masternodes). وتم تسميتها في إشارة إلى المسلسل التلفزيوني "صراع العروش" (Game of Thrones).

### من هم مُؤسسو Ravencoin؟

قام كل من بروس فينتون و ترون بلاك وجويل ويث بنشر الورقة البيضاء الخاصة بمشروع Ravencoin.

لقد تميزوا عن غالبية جمهور رواد العملات المشفرة لأنهم كانوا جميعًا رجال أعمال ومطورين متمرسين قبل أن يبدأوا هذا المشروع.

إنّ فينتون غني عن التعريف في مجال العملات المشفرة، كونه عضوًا في مجلس الإدارة ومديرًا تنفيذيًا لمؤسسة Bitcoin في المدة ما بين 2015 إلى 2018. قبل دخول عالم العملات المشفرة، حظي برحلة مهنية غنية في مجال الخدمات المصرفية الاستثمارية كنائب رئيس مورغان ستانلي في التسعينيات والمدير الإداري لشركة Atlantis Consulting لمدة 13 عامًا. ويشغل حاليًا منصب مدير عام لشركة Chainstone Labs، وهي شركة ناشئة في مجال التكنولوجيا المالية.

إنّ ترون بلاك مطور برامج متمكن يتمتع بخبرة تزيد عن 30 عامًا، فضلاً عن قيادة العديد من شركات البرمجيات كرئيس تنفيذي. يعمل بلاك في مجال العملات المشفرة منذ 2013، حيث عمل في العديد من المشاريع بما في ذلك Verified Wallet و CoinCPA و t0. ويعمل حاليًا في Medici Ventures، وهي شركة تابعة لـ Overstock.com، تركز على تطبيقات مستندة إلى تقنية سلسلة الكتل.

إنّ ويث كبير مسؤولي التكنولوجيا في Overstock.com، وهو بائع تجزئة غني عن التعريف على الإنترنت. شغل سابقًا مناصب الرئيس التنفيذي للعمليات (COO) وكبير مسؤولي التكنولوجيا (CTO) أيضًا في Medici Ventures. كما أنّه مطور برمجيات مخضرم بدأ حياته المهنية بعد تخرجه من جامعة يوتا في عام 1998 في منتصف فقاعة الإنترنت الاقتصادية (فقاعة الدوت كوم).

### ما الذي يُميز Ravencoin

بصفته انقسام (fork) لكود Bitcoin، تتميز Ravencoin بأربعة تغييرات رئيسية: جدول الإصدار المعدل (مع مكافأة كتلة تبلغ 5,000 RVN)، وتخفيض وقت إنتاج الكتلة إلى دقيقة واحدة، وتوريد العملات بحد أقصى 21 مليار (ألف ضعف BTC) وخوارزمية التعدين (KAWPOW، تُعرف سابقًا X16R و X16RV2 على التوالي)، حيث تهدف إلى التخفيف من مركزية التعدين، بسبب أجهزة ASIC.

تهدف Ravencoin إلى حل مشكلة نقل الأصول والتداول عبر سلسلة الكتل. سابقًا، إذا أنشأ شخص ما أصلًا على سلسلة كتل Bitcoin، فقد يتم تدمير الأصل عن طريق الخطأ عندما يتداول شخص ما في العملات التي تم إنشاؤها باستخدامه.

تم تصميم عملات RVN كعملة داخلية داخل الشبكة ويجب حرقها من أجل إصدار أصول رموز على Ravenchain. ويمكن أن تمثل الأصول أي شيء: عناصر حافظة في العالم الحقيقي مثل الذهب أو اليورو الورقي، والسلع والأشياء الافتراضية، وحصة من مشروع مثل الأسهم والأوراق المالية، وأميال خطوط الطيران، أو ساعة من أجر شخص ما، وما إلى ذلك.

ستدعم الإصدارات المستقبلية من بروتوكول Ravencoin أنظمة المراسلة والتصويت المتكاملة.

#### صفحات ذات صلة:

اكتشف المزيد حول [Counterparty](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/counterparty/)، أحد بروتوكولات التشفير الأولى لتداول الأصول.

ربما حان الوقت للتعمق في [Polkadot](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/a-deep-dive-into-polkadot)، وهو بروتوكول ناشئ، مُتعدد السلاسل يُسهِل نقل أي بيانات أو أصول عبر السلاسل.

[ما هو تعدين الدوائر المتكاملة محددة التطبيقات (ASIC)؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-asic-mining)

هل تريد معرفة كيف بدأت؟ اقرأ شرحنا عن [Bitcoin](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/bitcoin/).

هل أنت جاهز للمزيد من المعلومات حول مجال العملات المشفرة؟ ألق نظرة على [مدونتنا](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/blog) للحصول على أحدث الأخبار والأفكار حول العملات المشفّرة.

### كم عدد عملات Ravencoin (RVN) المُتداولة؟

تصر Ravencoin على أن تكون عادلة ومنفتحة قدر الإمكان كونها عملة مشفرة جديدة. حيث لم يكن هناك ما قبل التعدين، أو عرض أولي للعملة (ICO)، كما لم يتم الاحتفاظ بأي عملات لمكافآت لمطورين أو المؤسسين.

في غضون ثلاث سنوات منذ إنشائها (اعتبارًا من مارس 2021)، تم بالفعل تعدين ما نسبته 39% من العملات. يبلغ إجمالي المعروض 21 مليار عملة.

### كيف يتم تأمين شبكة Ravencoin؟

إنّ Ravencoin انقسام (fork) عن كود Bitcoin، لذا فهي محمية بقوة اللامركزية والحسابية. فهي تستخدم خوارزمية تعدين إثبات العمل تسمى KAWPOW ، والتي حلت محل X16R و X16RV2 في 6 مايو 2020. فإنّ هذا لا يضمن الأمان فحسب، بل إنه مصمم ليكون مقاومًا للدوائر المتكاملة محددة التطبيقات (ASIC).

تستخدم مجموعة خوارزمية X16r المستخدمة في البداية 16 خوارزمية تجزئة مختلفة لكل كتلة تعدين، لكن ترتيب استخدامها يختلف لكل كتلة ويتم اشتقاقه من آخر 8 بايت من تجزئة الكتلة السابقة. كان يُعتقد أن ضرورة تكييف كل دورة لم تمنح الدوائر المتكاملة محددة التطبيقات (ASICs) أي ميزة على وحدات المعالجة المركزية (CPUs) ووحدات معالجة الرسومات (GPUs). في النهاية، تم إنشاء الدوائر المتكاملة محددة التطبيقات (ASICs) لها، وكان على Ravencoin التبديل إلى خوارزمية مختلفة تمامًا، KAWPOW، والتي كانت نسخة معدلة قليلاً من ProgPow، والتي كانت في حد ذاتها تطور Ethash وتم تحسينها للتعدين على وحدات معالجة الرسومات (GPUs).

هذا، جنبًا إلى جنب مع الالتزام بالتوزيع العادل مع عدم وجود عملات ما قبل التعدين، ويقصد به ضمان عدم امتلاك فرد أو مؤسسة ما أو القدرة على امتلاك قوة تجزئة كافية لمحاولة هجوم 51% أو إنشاء أي نوع من أسعار السوق الصادمة المصطنعة.

ولسوء الحظ، كان هناك اختراق معروف ناجح لسلسلة كتل Ravencoin، والذي تم إبلاغ الجمهور به في 3 يونيو 2020. تمكن الهاكرز خلال الهجوم من سك عملة 315 مليون RVN على الفور، والتي تشكل حوالي 1.5% من سقف العرض في Ravencoin والبالغ 21 مليارًا. في وقت الإعلان، تم تقدير سعر RVN المسروقة بـ 5.7 مليون دولار أمريكي. لم يتأثر أي من مُحتفظي العملات الحاليين بشكل مباشر بالهجوم.

### أين يُمكنك شراء Ravencoin (RVN)؟

إنّ RVN هي عملة يتم تداولها بحرية مع أزواج مقابل العملات المستقرة، مثل Tether (USDT)، والعملات المشفرة الأخرى مثل Bitcoin و Ethereum، فضلاً عن الأموال الورقية.

إنّ أكبر المنصات التي تتداول Ravencoin هي [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/binance/) و [Huobi Global](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/huobi-global/) و [OKEx](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/okex/) و [ZG.com](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/zg-com/) و [VCC](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/vcc-exchange/). ويمكنك العثور على منصات أخرى ضمن [الأسواق في صفحة العملة المشفّرة](https://coinmarketcap.com/rankings/exchanges/).

هل أنت جديد في عالم العملات المشفرة وتريد معرفة طريقة شراء بيتكوين (BTC) أو أي رمز آخر؟ اعرف التفاصيل من [هنا](https://coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/).

وفيما يلي بعض المقالات الأخرى، التي قد تهمك:

* [ما هو صنبور العملات المشفرة؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-a-crypto-faucet)
* [ما هي بطاقات السحب المصرفية للعملات المشفرة؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-are-crypto-debit-cards)
* [ما هو Web 3.0؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-web-3-0)
* [ماذا تعني زراعة الغلال (Yield Farming)؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-yield-farming)
* [ما هو إقراض العملات المشفرة؟](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-crypto-lending)

Ravencoin

Ledger

Atomic wallet

Welcome to Ravencoin's Community channel aggregated by CoinMarketCap.

Zilliqa is a public, permissionless blockchain that is designed to offer high throughput with the ability to complete thousands of transactions per second. It seeks to solve the issue of blockchain scalability and speed by employing sharding as a second-layer scaling solution. The platform is home to many decentralized applications, and as of October 2020, it also allows for staking and yield farming.

Development work officially started on Zilliqa in June 2017, and its testnet went live in March 2018. A little over a year later, in June 2019, the platform launched its mainnet.

The native utility token of Zilliqa, ZIL, is used to process transactions on the network and execute smart contracts.

Zilliqa

Ethereum Classic (ETC) is the original Ethereum (ETH) blockchain that launched in July 2015. Its main function is as a smart contract network, with the ability to host and support decentralized applications (DApps). Its native token is ETC.

Since its launch, Ethereum Classic has sought to differentiate itself from Ethereum, with the two networks’ technical roadmap diverging further and further from each other with time.

Ethereum Classic first set out to preserve the integrity of the existing Ethereum blockchain after a major hacking event led to the theft of 3.6 million ETH.

Ethereum Classic

Holo is a peer-to-peer distributed platform for hosting decentralized applications built using Holochain, a framework for developing DApps that does not require the use of blockchain technology. The goal of Holo is to serve as a bridge between the broader internet and apps built using Holochain, offering an ecosystem and marketplace in which DApps are easily accessible, as they are hosted on the internet by Holo network participants.

The Holo network will be facilitated using a token called HoloFuel, which is actively being tested and will act as an accounting system to pay hosts for their services. In 2018, the project minted an ERC-20 token, HOT — also known as HoloToken — as an "IOU" that will be redeemable for HoloFuel upon launch.

Holo is still in development and is expected to launch for open alpha and beta testing by 2021.

Holo

NEM is a blockchain platform that was launched in March of 2015. It was one of the pioneers of the cryptocurrency industry, and sought to improve on the imperfections found on other chains at the time. It was one of the first non-turing complete chains to feature user-defined tokens (called mosaics), namespaces, multisignature accounts, and a P2P reputation system based on EigenTrust++. Its most notable contribution to the space is the proof-of-importance consensus mechanism, which sought to reward on-chain activity and deter the concentration of wealth commonly associated with proof-of-stake. Its client, NIS, is written in Java.

NEM has a global community. It sees the most utility as an alternative form of payment for businesses and vendors, and has a variety of social media apps built on top of it in Japan, such as nemgraph, a community-driven owned and operated alternative to Instagram.

In December 2021, NEM was hard forked by a pseudonymous team of cryptocurrency experts and enthusiasts alike. Titled Harlock, this hard fork signaled the community’s intent to take NEM from a shadow of its former self into the world’s leading payments platform for on-chain and off-chain media content.

Harmony is a blockchain platform designed to facilitate the creation and use of decentralized applications (DApps). The network aims to innovate the way decentralized applications work by focusing on random state sharding, which allows creating blocks in seconds.

According to the project’s website, Harmony is expected to introduce cross-shard contracts and a cross-chain infrastructure by the end of 2021.

Harmony

Siacoin (SC) is the native utility token of Sia, a blockchain-based distributed, decentralized cloud storage platform. Sia acts as a secure, trustless marketplace for cloud storage in which users can lease access to their unused storage space. Agreements and transactions are enforced with smart contracts, and Siacoin is the medium of exchange for paying for storage on the network. The main goal of the project is to become the "backbone storage layer of the internet."

Sia was originally announced in May 2014 before being revised and re-announced a year later in May 2015. It officially launched in June 2015.

Siacoin

DigiByte (DGB) is an open source blockchain and asset creation platform. Development began in October 2013 and the genesis block of its DGB token was mined in January 2014 as a fork of Bitcoin (BTC).

A longstanding public blockchain and cryptocurrency, DigiByte uses five different algorithms to improve security, and originally aimed to improve on the Bitcoin blockchain’s security, capacity and transaction speed.

DigiByte consists of three layers: a smart contract “App Store,” a public ledger and the core protocol featuring nodes communicating to relay transactions.

DigiByte

Chiliz is the leading digital currency for sports and entertainment by the eponymous Malta-based FinTech provider. It operates the blockchain-based sports entertainment platform Socios, which enables users to participate in the governance of their favorite sports brands. Multiple fan tokens by Socios.com are an example of that. For sports clubs and associations, fan tokens offer a way of connecting with their fans and unlocking new revenue streams.

For instance, fans can participate and influence club-related decisions through surveys and polls, such as messages the captain should wear on his armband. The company aims to bridge the gap between being an active and a passive fan. Chiliz has developed partnerships with some of the biggest sporting institutions in the world: FC Barcelona, Manchester City, Juventus Turin, and Paris Saint-Germain. It also boasts partnerships with the UFC and gaming organizations. By purchasing CHZ, fans get access to various fan tokens and literally have a stake in their club.

Chiliz

Basic Attention Token, or BAT, is the token that powers a new blockchain-based digital advertising platform designed to fairly reward users for their attention, while providing advertisers with a better return on their ad spend.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Basic Attention Token.

This experience is delivered through the Brave Browser, where users can watch privacy-preserving adverts and receive BAT rewards for doing so. On the other hand, advertisers can deliver targeted ads to maximize engagement and cut down losses due to ad fraud and abuse.

The Basic Attention Token itself is the unit of reward in this advertising ecosystem, and is exchanged between advertisers, publishers and users. Advertisers pay for their advertising campaigns in BAT tokens. Out of this budget, a small portion is distributed to advertisers, while 70% is distributed to users — whereas the intermediaries that typically drive up advertising costs are cut out of the equation to improve cost-efficiency.

Basic Attention Token launched in 2017 following one of the fastest sell-out initial coin offerings (ICOs) of all time, with the platform raising a total of $35 million in under a minute. Since then, it has rolled out its attention-based advertising experience to users in most countries through its Brave Rewards program.

As of November 2020, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada had the most active advertising campaigns.

Basic Attention Token

Ontology is a project designed to bring trust, privacy, and security to Web3 through decentralized identity and data solutions. It is building the infrastructure to provide trusted access to Web3, allowing individuals and enterprises to rest assured that through regulatory compliant digital identity solutions, users and their privacy come first.

The Ontology blockchain is a high speed, low cost public blockchain. It is designed to bring decentralized identity and data solutions to Web3, with the goal of increasing privacy, transparency, and trust. To achieve this, users and enterprises are provided with the flexibility to build blockchain-based solutions that suit their needs, while also ensuring regulatory compliance. Through Ontology’s Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), Ontology ensures frictionless compatibility with Ethereum, the first step in the creation of the Ontology Multi-Virtual Machine and further interoperability for the chain.

At its launch, Ontology chose to forego the popular initial coin offering (ICO) model in favor of a series of community distributions and airdrops of its ONT cryptocurrency.

This helped to quickly establish both organic price discovery and a passionate community and helped the project to avoid subsequent regulatory scrutiny.

For example, for a brief period any person who signed up for the Ontology newsletter received an airdrop of free 1,000 ONT, which reached a value of $10 per token soon after the token became listed on major exchanges like Binance.

Ontology launched its own MainNet on June 30, 2018 and has been up and running smoothly since.

Ontology

Qtum (pronounced ‘“quantum”)  is a proof-of-stake (PoS) smart contract open-source blockchain platform and value transfer protocol. It aims to bring together the strengths of Bitcoinand Ethereumin one chain. Qtum is built on Bitcoin's UTXO transaction model, with the added functionality of smart contract execution and DApps. Recently, the platform added support for DeFi applications. As of March 2021, there are more than 20 tokens created on the Qtum blockchain.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Qtum.

The project was announced in March 2016 and held an ICO a year after, in March 2017, which brought its founders $15 million USD. The Qtum main chain was released on Sept.13, 2017. Initially, the Qtum coin was issued as a ETH-20 token, but with the launch of the mainnet, it was converted to native blockchain.

Qtum

The EOS Network is an open-source blockchain platform that prioritizes high performance, flexibility, security, and developer experience. As a third-generation blockchain platform powered by the EOS virtual machine, EOS has an extensible WebAssembly engine for deterministic execution of near fee-less transactions.

EOS is the market's most scalable, divisible, and programmable digital currency. EOS is a Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) network where stakeholders have the authority to select node operators. Due to the decentralized nature of the token distribution on EOS, power doesn't reside in the hands of block miners, but rather all parties involved in the EOS Network.

The EOS Network is attractive because of its technology and community. It allows developers to build projects that other blockchains cannot support. The network is straightforward and has multiple tools and educational resources to help users acclimate to the blockchain.

Enjin Coin is a project of Enjin, a company that provides an ecosystem of interconnected, blockchain-based gaming products. Enjin's flagship offering is the Enjin Network, a social gaming platform through which users can create websites and clans, chat, and host virtual item stores.

Enjin allows game developers to tokenize in-game items on the Ethereum blockchain. It uses Enjin Coin, an ERC-20 token, to back the digital assets issued using its platform, meaning that items can be bought, sold and traded with real-world value.

Enjin Coin was first announced in July 2017, and it launched on the Ethereum mainnet in June 2018.

Enjin Coin (ENJ) is a digital store of value used to back the value of blockchain assets like non-fungible tokens (NFTs).
Every asset minted with the Enjin Platform contains ENJ, a minting resource which is locked inside NFTs and removed from circulation. Minting blockchain assets with ENJ provides a variety of benefits to creators and users:

Infuses them with a reserve value

Ensures their transparency and scarcity

Gives them instant liquidity

Provides utility in games and apps

Anti-inflationary

Enjin's "melting" functionality allows users to destroy their blockchain assets at any time to retrieve the ENJ value from within.

The Enjin blockchain ecosystem aims to offer software products that make it easy for everyone to develop, trade, monetize, and market with blockchain.

Founded in 2009, Enjin has roots in the gaming industry, with the company’s first product, a gaming community platform called the Enjin Network, growing to 20 million users over the course of a decade.

In 2017 following an ICO, Enjin established itself as a leading blockchain ecosystem developer, building a suite of software products that enable anyone to easily mint, manage, trade, distribute, and integrate blockchain assets.

Enjin’s co-founder Witek Radomski wrote the code for one of the first ever non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and is also the co-author of the ERC-1155 Ethereum token standard.

Built on top of an on-chain infrastructure, the Enjin ecosystem enables game developers and businesses of all sizes to use tokenized digital assets as part of their acquisition, retention, engagement, and monetization strategies. The Enjin ecosystem is fueled by Enjin Coin (ENJ), a cryptocurrency used to back the value of blockchain assets.

Enjin Coin

Tezos is a high-performing blockchain and open-source platform for assets and applications, with a strong focus on code security, on-chain governance, and decentralization. Tezos 2.0, the upcoming step in the evolution of Tezos, aims to improve scalability (via layer 2s), composability, and to implement support to mainstream programming languages (like Javascript, Typescript, Python, and many others).

Initially built with formal verification in mind, the Tezos protocol enables builders to avoid bugs when developing smart contracts, making it particularly suited to applications that require a high degree of security and certainty.

Tezos’ LPoS (Liquid Proof-of-Stake) consensus mechanism enables any stakeholder to take part, directly or by delegation, in the consensus process, and to be rewarded for securing the network. Rather uniquely, Tezos’ on-chain governance system also enables stakeholders to create and vote on protocol upgrade proposals. This pioneering system allows the protocol to self-amend and upgrade itself without leading to a split (or fork) in the blockchain, empowering the community without slowing down innovation.

First proposed in 2014 and launched in 2018, the Tezos Mainnet has a proven track record of running uninterrupted ever since, having earned a strong reputation for technical excellence and a supportive community.

Tezos

Dash is an open-source blockchain and cryptocurrency focused on offering a fast, cheap global payments network that is decentralized in nature. According to the project's white paper, Dash seeks to improve upon Bitcoin (BTC) by providing stronger privacy and faster transactions.

Dash, whose name comes from "digital cash," was launched in January 2014 as a fork of Litecoin (LTC). Since going live, Dash has grown to include features such as a two-tier network with incentivized nodes, including "masternodes," and decentralized project governance; InstantSend, which allows for instantly settled payments; ChainLocks, which makes the Dash blockchain instantly immutable; and PrivateSend, which offers additional optional privacy for transactions.

Dash

Waves is a multi-purpose blockchain platform which supports various use cases including decentralized applications (DApps) and smart contracts.

Launched in June 2016 following one of the cryptocurrency industry’s earliest initial coin offerings (ICO), Waves initially set out to improve on the first blockchain platforms by increasing speed, utility and user-friendliness.

The platform has undergone various changes and added new spin-off features to build on its original design.

Waves’ native token is WAVES, an uncapped supply token used for standard payments such as block rewards.

Waves

VeChainThor (VET) is a versatile enterprise-grade L1 smart contract platform whose origins began in 2015. VeChain is known as a pioneer of real-world enterprise applications, and built a distributed platform powered by Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, NFC chips and blockchain to help various industries solve data-related challenges.

VeChain solves major blockchain adoption hurdles. The platform uses an intelligent two token model, VET and VTHO, separating the protocol's Store of Value and gas fee payment mechanisms, ensuring costs can be kept low and stable. Fee delegation allows smart contracts to pay gas fees on behalf of business users, and an advanced transaction model allows data to be packaged more efficiently while ensuring finality of data.

VeChain is focused on delivering a wave of incentive-based sustainability dApps through its new platform, VeBetterDAO, working closely with Boston Consulting Group to achieve adoption across enterprise and individual users, and helping  onboard the next billion users to Web3 over the coming decade.

From supply chains to sustainability, VeChain has continuously demonstrated its leading role as a driver of blockchain in business, and is dedicated to its role as a pioneer of driving real world adoption of blockchain technology.

VeChain

Zcash is a decentralized cryptocurrency focused on privacy and anonymity. It uses the zk-SNARK zero-knowledge proof technology that allows nodes on the network to verify transactions without revealing any sensitive information about those transactions.

Contrary to a common misunderstanding, the majority of cryptocurrencies on the market, including Bitcoin (BTC), are not anonymous, but rather pseudonymous; while they do not explicitly reveal the identities of their users, each user has their own public address or addresses which can be traced back to them via the methods of data science and blockchain forensics.

Zcash transactions, on the other hand, still have to be relayed via a public blockchain, but unlike pseudonymous cryptocurrencies, ZEC transactions by default do not reveal the sending and receiving addresses or the amount being sent. There is an option, however, to reveal this data for the purposes of auditing or regulatory compliance.

Zcash was first released on October 28, 2016, and it was originally based on Bitcoin’s codebase.

Zcash

Stellar (XLM) is a peer-to-peer (P2P) decentralized network created in 2014 by The Stellar Development Foundation or Stellar.org. The network officially launched in 2015 with the purpose of connecting the world's financial systems and ensuring a protocol for payment providers and financial institutions. The platform is designed to move financial resources swiftly and reliably at minimal cost. Stellar links people, banks, payment processors and allows users to create, send and trade multiple types of crypto.

The basis of the network is its native digital currency - XLM or Lumens. XLM acts as an intermediate currency for operations and is also used to pay transaction fees. How it works: the protocol converts money in a few seconds, first into XLM, and then into the requested currency.

The Stellar payment protocol is based on distributed ledger technology -- an open-source development, community-owned and distributed by community. The crypto asset of the Stellar platform helps with cross-border transactions, overcoming the problems of high fees and slow procedures. XLM is more focused on assisting individuals transfer money than they are with institutions. Thus, Stellar offers access to financial systems, and people can send money at low cost and promptly around the world.

Moreover, Stellar serves as a decentralized exchange and marketplace, with a built-in order book that tracks ownership of Stellar assets. Platform users can manage buy/sell orders, as well as select and set their preferred assets in settlements. XLM is a built-in coin that helps reduce transaction fees.

The network maintains a high level of security.  XLM holders must have at least one token in order to remain active on the network. This nuance performs a global goal - the execution of network transactions efficiently and with minimal time costs. Plus, Lumens offers protection against flood attacks by making microtransactions too expensive for hackers with no chance of profit, which keeps Stellar Network safe from serious threats.

The target audience of Stellar is the inhabitants of developing countries, ordinary users who are provided access to the global economy through fast, simple and inexpensive transactions. Stellar Network makes extensive use of Lumens to produce live convection as well as to send cash in multiple currencies; currency is sent from one peer, and the recipient can receive the amount in another currency. This feature is beneficial when a transaction is made between currencies without widely traded pairs.

Support for multi-currency transactions is another competitive advantage of Stellar, and the ability for cross-currency transactions has only enhanced processes with foreign operations. Moreover, stable speed and low transaction costs are a privilege that users receive.

This functionality is powered by a development called Anchors (a bridge between different currencies and the network), which simplifies the exchange within the network and helps speed up the whole process.

In summary, the benefits of Stellar (XLM) include:

Stellar

IOTA is a distributed ledger technology (DLT) that features unique architecture and an open-source product suite for individuals, businesses, and institutions to use in Web3. It is built on a directed acyclic graph (DAG) called the Tangle, which can be pictured as a multi-dimensional blockchain. It enables the exchange of data and value on a decentralized platform through direct and secure transfers, executed on and immutably recorded on the network.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive into IOTA.

Together with its staging network Shimmer, IOTA aims to offer solutions to establish a secure and permissionless infrastructure that can drive the economy of the future. It enables the development of decentralized applications through automated trust in the form of Ethereum-compatible smart contracts, an advanced consensus algorithm, and thoughtfully balanced incentives.

IOTA delivers tools for creating and managing custom Layer 2 (EVM) chains, deploying smart contracts, minting native tokens and NFTs with distinctive features, and introducing digital identities to users.

Launching in 2024, IOTA 2.0 will be a protocol upgrade that rebuilds IOTA’s architecture to deliver full decentralization. You can find more about it here.