## ما هي داش (DASH)؟

داش (DASH) هي [سلسلة كتل](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/blockchain) مفتوحة المصدر، و[عملة مشفرة](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-are-cryptocurrencies) تركز على توفير شبكة مدفوعات عالمية سريعة ورخيصة ذات طبيعة لامركزية. وفقاً للمستند التعريفي ([الورقة البيضاء](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/whitepaper)) للمشروع، [تسعى](https://github.com/dashpay/dash/wiki/Whitepaper) داش إلى تحسين [بيتكوين](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/bitcoin) (BTC) من خلال توفير خصوصية(https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-are-privacy-coins)[ أقوى ومعاملات أسرع].

تم [إطلاق](https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=421615.0) داش، الذي يأتي اسمها اختصارا لـ "Degital Cash"، في يناير 2014 كنسخة من سلسلة كتل [لايتكوين](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/litecoin/) (LTC). ومنذ بدء عملها، نمت داش لتشمل ميزات مثل شبكة من مستويين مع تقوم بتشغيها عقد تحصل على حوافز، بما في ذلك "العقد الرئيسية" والحوكمة اللامركزية للمشروع؛ وInstantSend، الذي يسمح بالدفع الفوري ؛ وChainLocks، الذي يجعل سلسلة كتل داش غير قابلة للتغيير على الفور ؛ وPrivateSend، الذي يوفر خصوصية اختيارية إضافية للمعاملات.

### من هم مؤسسو داش؟

تأسست داش من قبل مطوري البرمجيات إيفان دافيلد، وكايل هاغان. أطلق على المشروع في الأصل اسم XCoin، حيث تم تغيير اسمه إلى Darkcoin بعد أسبوعين قبل [إعادة تسميته](https://www.dash.org/forum/threads/official-statement-on-rebranding-to-dash.4297/) مرة أخرى إلى Dash في مارس 2015 في محاولة لتغيير صورته بشكل إيجابي.

قبل إطلاق داش، عمل دافيلد كمطور برامج في مجال التمويل، اكتسب خبرة كبيرة من عمله في مجموعة هوك المالية، وكذلك في العلاقات العامة، بعد أن طور خوارزميات التعلم الآلي ومحركات البحث. وقام [ببناء تصور](https://www.dash.org/forum/threads/the-birth-of-darkcoin.162/) لداش أول مرة في عام 2012 كطريقة لإضافة المزيد من الخصوصية إلى بيتكوين — وبالتالي، أطلق عليها في الأصل اسم "دارك كوين". [يقول](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Q0MiDNe6Wc) دافيلد إنه بدأ ذلك كهواية، حيث قام بكتابة الكود لتلك العملة خلال عطلة نهاية أسبوع واحدة فقط. شغل دافيلد منصب الرئيس التنفيذي لمجموعة داش كور — الشركة التي تدعم التطوير المستمر والتكامل والأنشطة الأخرى لداش — حتى ديسمبر 2017 عندما [تنحى](https://www.dash.org/forum/threads/dash-core-team-organization-announcement.14434/) للتركيز على مبادرات استراتيجية أخرى.

أمّا هيغان، فقد [شارك في تأليف](https://github.com/dashpay/docs/raw/master/binary/Dash%20Whitepaper%20-%20Darkcoin.pdf) المستند التعريفي الأصلي "لدارك كوين" مع دافيلد. غير أنه [غادر](https://www.dash.org/forum/threads/kyle-hagan-is-no-longer-part-of-the-development-team.3225/) المشروع في وقت مبكر من ديسمبر 2014.

### ما الذي يميّز داش؟

وفقاً لموقعها الإلكتروني، فإن [هدف](https://docs.dash.org/en/stable/introduction/about.html) داش هو "أن تكون العملة المشفرة الأكثر سهولة، في الاستخدام وقابلية للتطوير، كعملة تركز على المدفوعات في العالم ". ولتحقيق ذلك، يعتمد المشروع على شبكة من العقد الرئيسية، والتي يتم تشغيلها بواسطة خوادم مدعومة بضمانات بعملة داش، وهي مصممة لتوفير الخدمات بشكل آمن وتنفيذ الحوكمة القائمة على نظام اقتراحات داش. حيث توفر العقد الرئيسية طبقة ثانية من الخدمات للشبكة، وكل ذلك مقابل جزء من مكافآت الكتلة. لتقوم بتسهيل وظائف مثل InstantSend وPrivateSend وChainLocks.

يتم تسويق داش لكل من المستخدمين الأفراد والمؤسسات، بما في ذلك التجار والخدمات المالية وأولئك الذين يحتاجون إلى إرسال التحويلات الدولية. في أكتوبر 2020، [ذكرت](https://www.dash.org/forum/threads/dash-core-group-q3-quarterly-call-29-10-2020.50832/) مجموعة داش الأساسية، أن أهدافها الاستراتيجية القادمة تشمل بناء نظامها الإيكولوجي وعلامتها التجارية، وضمان رضا المستخدمين ومواصلة تطوير التكنولوجيا وراء الشبكة.

يوزع نظام حوكمة داش، أو الخزانة، 10% من المكافآت الإجمالية لتطوير المشروع من ناحية التنافسية واللامركزية. وقد أتاح ذلك إنشاء العديد من المنظمات الممولة، بما في ذلك مجموعة داش الأساسية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تتلقى مؤسسة داش، التي تنشط في الدعوة إلى اعتماد العملة المشفرة، تبرعات ولديها نظام عضوية مدفوعة للأفراد والمؤسسات.

#### صفحات ذات صلة:

تعلّم المزيد حول [لايتكوين](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/litecoin/)، العملة المشفرة التي تفرعت داش منها.

تعرف على [XRP](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/xrp/)، عملة مشفرة أخرى تقدم شبكة مدفوعات شبه فورية

هل تريد نصائح حول الحفاظ على أمان عملات داش الخاصة بك؟ اقرأ [دليل سلامة العملات المشفرة](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/how-to-keep-your-crypto-safe) المفصل في Alexandria، المورد التعليمي الإلكتروني من CoinMarketCap.

تابع أحدث أخبار العملات المشفرة عبر [مدونة CoinMarketCap](https://blog.coinmarketcap.com/).

### كم عدد عملات داش (DASH) الموجودة في التداول؟

الحد الأقصى لعدد رموز داش المشفرة التي يمكن إصدارها هو 18,921,005. ومع ذلك، يعتمد هذا الحدّ في النهاية على كيفية توزيع نسبة الـ 10% من المكافآت الإجمالية المخصصة لمقترحات الميزانية. فإذا لم يتم توزيع أي منها، لن يتم إطلاق سوى 17,742,696 DASH فقط. يتم [إنشاء](https://docs.dash.org/en/stable/introduction/features.html#emission-rate) رموز داش المشفرة الجديدة من خلال خوارزمية التعدين القائمة على [إثبات العمل](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/proof-of-work-vs-proof-of-stake) حيث ينخفض معدل إنشاء الرموز المشفرة بمقدار واحد على أربعة عشر، أو حوالي 7%، كل 210,240 كتلة، أو حوالي كل 383 يوماً.

يتم منح ما يقرب من 45% من عملات داش الجديدة للمعدّنين، و45% أخرى لمشغلي العقد الرئيسية ويتبقى 10% لتمويل المقترحات المستقبلية. في أغسطس 2020، تمت [الموافقة](https://www.dashcentral.org/p/decision-proposal-block-reward-reallocat) على اقتراح من شأنه، بمجرد دخوله حيز التنفيذ، تغيير نسبة العملات التي يتم منحها للمعدّنين ومشغلي العقد الرئيسية من 50/50 إلى 40/60 على التوالي.

في غضون الـ 48 ساعة الأولى من إطلاق داش، تم تعدين ما يقرب من مليوني عملة، وهو ما تجاوز بكثير الجدول الزمني المقرر لإصدارها. وللمفارقة، فقد انقسمت داش في الأصل من سلسلة لايتكوين، التي عانت من مشكلة مماثلة عند إطلاقها بسبب خطأ في خوارزمية تعديل الصعوبة. رغم أنه تمت الإشارة بوضوح إلى أن داش قد ورثت الخلل من لايتكوين، إلا أنه كانت هناك تكهنات واسعة النطاق حول ما إذا كان التضخم السريع مقصوداً لصالح المعدّنين الأوائل.

### كيف يتم تأمين شبكة داش؟

تستخدم داش شبكة من مستويين لتأمين معاملاتها. يتكون المستوى الأول من العقد التي تقوم بالتعدين وفق بروتوكول إجماع إثبات العمل، أي أنها تتنافس فيما بينها لحل المسائل الرياضية المعقدة ويجب أن [توافق](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/consensus) 51% على الأقل من العقد على معاملة قبل إضافتها إلى سلسلة الكتل.

تسمى خوارزمية إثبات العمل المستخدمة بواسطة داش "X11" — وهي خوارزمية تجزئة مخصصة طورها مؤسس داش، بافيلد، بحيث تستخدم سلسلة من 11 خوارزمية تجزئة. ووفقاً [لوثائق](https://docs.dash.org/en/stable/introduction/features.html#x11-hash-algorithm) داش، تعد "X11 واحدة من أكثر خوارزميات التجزئة المستخدمة في العملات المشفرة أماناً وتطوراً".

فيما يتكون المستوى الثاني من العقد الرئيسية التي تعمل بموجب خوارزمية توافق إثبات الخدمة، حيث يتم فيها تصنيف العقد الرئيسية بناءً على تاريخها في تقديم خدمات جيدة للشبكة. تشرف العقد الرئيسية على الشبكة ولديها القدرة على رفض الكتل الجديدة التي تضيفها العقد العادية إذا لم تتم الموافقة عليها بشكل صحيح. كما يلعب هذا المستوى من الشبكة دوراً في تطبيق ميزة سلسلة الأقفال في داش مما يزيد من الأمان، حيث يتم تبديل مجموعة العقد الرئيسية التي تقوم بمراقبة وتأكيد جميع الكتل الجديدة المضافة إلى سلسلة الكتل كل 12 ساعة. و[أفاد](https://blog.dash.org/mitigating-51-attacks-with-llmq-based-chainlocks-7266aa648ec9) مطورو داش أن هذا يحمي الشبكة من [الهجمات التي تستخدم ثغرة +50%](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/51-attack).

### أين يمكنك شراء داش (DASH)؟

باعتبارها واحدة من العملات البديلة الأكثر شيوعاً، يمكن شراء داش من معظم منصات تداول العملات المشفرة الرئيسية، بما فيها [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/binance/) و[Coinbase Pro](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/coinbase-pro/) و[Huobi Global](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/huobi-global/) و[Kraken](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/kraken/) و[OKEx](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/okex/). حيث يمكن تداولها مقابل العملات الورقية وغيرها من العملات المشفرة مثل [بيتكوين](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/bitcoin) و[إيثريوم](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/ethereum/) (ETH) والعملات المستقرة مثل [دولار تيثر](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/tether/) (USDT) و[دولار كوين](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/usd-coin/) (USDC). كما أنها متاحة في كل من الأسواق الفورية وكذلك أسواق المشتقات المالية للعملات المشفّرة.

هل أنت مهتم بشراء داش أو غيرها من العملات المشفرة مثل [بيتكوين](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/bitcoin)؟ توفّر CoinMarketCap [دليلاً مُبسطاً](https://coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/) لكل ما تحتاج معرفته حول العملات المُشفرة وكيفية إجراء عملية شرائك الأولى.

We're building a first-of-its-kind decentralized data platform. Really, the main motivation behind building it was to let us more easily do two things:

Usernames and contact lists. Social payments, easy to use, but fully-decentralized in a satisfactory way.

What we built ended up being so much more than that. We have:

🧬A new chain, inspired by Cosmos Tendermint practical Byzantine fault tolerance (pBFT) consensus, with a new Tenderdash scalable Byzantine fault tolerance (sBFT) system

🧬Unique data contracts, which can be written by anyone without needing to know a smart contract programming language, which efficiently write to decentralized data storage

🧬An innovative multi-layer data storage solution which is indexed and able to be proved and queried in a flash

🧬Decentralized identities which can form connections with each other and pass over encrypted, confidential data

In addition to usernames we'll be able to do invoices, accounting software, tokens (like stablecoins), NFTs, merchant maps, decentralized peer-to-peer commerce apps. Social media (hit us up Elon!). And on and on.

We need innovators, builders, dreamers. We need great minds who can see what we've built, and see the most perfect applications that could be built on top of it.

We need people who can envision the decentralized future, powered by Dash.

The canvas is blank at Genesis. Come paint on it.

Evolution is a blank canvas. 

We're building a first-of-its-kind decentralized data platform. Really, the main motivation behind building it was to let us more easily do two things:

Usernames and contact lists. Social payments, easy to use, but fully-decentralized in a satisfactory way.

What we built ended up being so much more than that. We have:

🧬A new chain, inspired by Cosmos Tendermint practical Byzantine fault tolerance (pBFT) consensus, with a new Tenderdash scalable Byzantine fault tolerance (sBFT) system

🧬Unique data contracts, which can be written by anyone without needing to know a smart contract programming language, which efficiently write to decentralized data storage

🧬An innovative multi-layer data storage solution which is indexed and able to be proved and queried in a flash

🧬Decentralized identities which can form connections with each other and pass over encrypted, confidential data

🧬And much more!

In addition to usernames we'll be able to do invoices, accounting software, tokens (like stablecoins), NFTs, merchant maps, decentralized peer-to-peer commerce apps. Social media (hit us up Elon!). And on and on.

The possibilities are endless.

But we need your help.

We need innovators, builders, dreamers. We need great minds who can see what we've built, and see the most perfect applications that could be built on top of it.

We need people who can envision the decentralized future, powered by Dash.

The canvas is blank at Genesis. Come paint on it.

Evolution of Top-10 Coins in CoinMarketCap’s History (2013-2023)

Dash Blockchain Halted After Failed Hard Fork

Web3, Privacy Coins Will Be 2023 Crypto Criminal Targets: Kaspersky

Edge Disables 'Confidential Mastercard' After Pushback from Credit Card Giant

Exclusive: Mastercard 'Has Not Approved' Edge's 'Confidential' Mastercard

Binance

Dash

Ledger

Trezor

Trust Wallet

Math Wallet

Exodus

Dash Core

Coinbase

Atomic wallet

Zcash is a decentralized cryptocurrency focused on privacy and anonymity. It uses the zk-SNARK zero-knowledge proof technology that allows nodes on the network to verify transactions without revealing any sensitive information about those transactions.

Contrary to a common misunderstanding, the majority of cryptocurrencies on the market, including Bitcoin (BTC), are not anonymous, but rather pseudonymous; while they do not explicitly reveal the identities of their users, each user has their own public address or addresses which can be traced back to them via the methods of data science and blockchain forensics.

Zcash transactions, on the other hand, still have to be relayed via a public blockchain, but unlike pseudonymous cryptocurrencies, ZEC transactions by default do not reveal the sending and receiving addresses or the amount being sent. There is an option, however, to reveal this data for the purposes of auditing or regulatory compliance.

Zcash was first released on October 28, 2016, and it was originally based on Bitcoin’s codebase.

Zcash

The EOS Network is an open-source blockchain platform that prioritizes high performance, flexibility, security, and developer experience. As a third-generation blockchain platform powered by the EOS virtual machine, EOS has an extensible WebAssembly engine for deterministic execution of near fee-less transactions.

EOS is the market's most scalable, divisible, and programmable digital currency. EOS is a Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) network where stakeholders have the authority to select node operators. EOS is fully decentralized power doesn't reside in the hands of block miners, but rather all parties involved in the EOS Network.

The EOS Network is attractive because of its technology and community. It allows developers to build projects that other blockchains cannot support. The network is straightforward and has multiple tools and educational resources to help users acclimate to the blockchain.

Litecoin (LTC) is a cryptocurrency that was designed to provide fast, secure and low-cost payments by leveraging the unique properties of blockchain technology.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Litecoin.

The cryptocurrency was created based on the Bitcoin (BTC) protocol, but it differs in terms of the hashing algorithm used, hard cap, block transaction times and a few other factors. Litecoin has a block time of just 2.5 minutes and extremely low transaction fees, making it suitable for micro-transactions and point-of-sale payments.

Litecoin was released via an open-source client on GitHub on Oct. 7, 2011, and the Litecoin Network went live five days later on Oct. 13, 2011. Since then, it has exploded in both usage and acceptance among merchants and has counted among the top ten cryptocurrencies by market capitalization for most of its existence.

The cryptocurrency was created by Charlie Lee, a former Google employee, who intended Litecoin to be a "lite version of Bitcoin," in that it features many of the same properties as Bitcoin—albeit lighter in weight.

Litecoin

Monero was launched in 2014, and its goal is simple: to allow transactions to take place privately and with anonymity. Even though it’s commonly thought that BTC can conceal a person’s identity, it’s often easy to trace payments back to their original source because blockchains are transparent. On the other hand, XMR is designed to obscure senders and recipients alike through the use of advanced cryptography.

The team behind Monero say privacy and security are their biggest priorities, with ease of use and efficiency coming second. It aims to provide protection to all users — irrespective of how technologically competent they are.

Overall, XMR aims to allow payments to be made quickly and inexpensively without fear of censorship.

Monero

Ethereum Classic (ETC) is the original Ethereum (ETH) blockchain that launched in July 2015. Its main function is as a smart contract network, with the ability to host and support decentralized applications (DApps). Its native token is ETC.

Since its launch, Ethereum Classic has sought to differentiate itself from Ethereum, with the two networks’ technical roadmap diverging further and further from each other with time.

Ethereum Classic first set out to preserve the integrity of the existing Ethereum blockchain after a major hacking event led to the theft of 3.6 million ETH.

Ethereum Classic

Tezos is a high-performing blockchain and open-source platform for assets and applications, with a strong focus on code security, on-chain governance, and decentralization. Tezos 2.0, the upcoming step in the evolution of Tezos, aims to improve scalability (via layer 2s), composability, and to implement support to mainstream programming languages (like Javascript, Typescript, Python, and many others).

Initially built with formal verification in mind, the Tezos protocol enables builders to avoid bugs when developing smart contracts, making it particularly suited to applications that require a high degree of security and certainty.

Tezos’ LPoS (Liquid Proof-of-Stake) consensus mechanism enables any stakeholder to take part, directly or by delegation, in the consensus process, and to be rewarded for securing the network. Rather uniquely, Tezos’ on-chain governance system also enables stakeholders to create and vote on protocol upgrade proposals. This pioneering system allows the protocol to self-amend and upgrade itself without leading to a split (or fork) in the blockchain, empowering the community without slowing down innovation.

First proposed in 2014 and launched in 2018, the Tezos Mainnet has a proven track record of running uninterrupted ever since, having earned a strong reputation for technical excellence and a supportive community.

Tezos

Compound is a DeFi lending protocol that allows users to earn interest on their cryptocurrencies by depositing them into one of several pools supported by the platform.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Compound.

When a user deposits tokens to a Compound pool, they receive cTokens in return. These cTokens represent the individual’s stake in the pool and can be used to redeem the underlying cryptocurrency initially deposited into the pool at any time. For example, by depositing ETH into a pool, you will receive cETH in return. Over time, the exchange rate of these cTokens to the underlying asset increases, which means you can redeem them for more of the underlying asset than you initially put in — this is how the interest is distributed.

On the flip side, borrowers can take a secured loan from any Compound pool by depositing collateral. The maximum loan-to-value (LTV) ratio varies based on the collateral asset, but currently ranges from 50 to 75%. The interest rate paid varies by borrowed asset and borrowers can face automatic liquidation if their collateral falls below a specific maintenance threshold.

Since the launch of the Compound mainnet in September 2018, the platform has skyrocketed in popularity, and recently passed more than $800 million in total locked value.

Compound

Bitcoin Cash (BCH) is a peer-to-peer electronic cash system that aims to become sound global money with fast payments, micro fees, privacy and larger block size. As a permissionless, decentralized cryptocurrency, Bitcoin Cash requires no trusted third parties.

Bitcoin Cash was created as an alternative to the first and most valuable cryptocurrency — Bitcoin (BTC). In 2017, BCH developers modified the BTC code, releasing their software version and a full-fledged competitive product, which split Bitcoin into two blockchains: Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash. Bitcoin Cash is a result of a hard fork in the blockchain due to differences in the community over Bitcoin scaling and the SegWit upgrade. Moreover, another hard fork, which divided Bitcoin Cash into two parts, Bitcoin ABC and Bitcoin SV, took place in the fall of 2018.

The scaling debate involved two sides: small block supporters opposed increasing block size as it could lead to blockchain centralization and vulnerability by making it harder to host full nodes. Large block supporters, however, advocated for a faster solution, concerned that rising transaction fees could hinder growth.

Bitcoin Cash

NEM is a blockchain platform that was launched in March of 2015. It was one of the pioneers of the cryptocurrency industry, and sought to improve on the imperfections found on other chains at the time. It was one of the first non-turing complete chains to feature user-defined tokens (called mosaics), namespaces, multisignature accounts, and a P2P reputation system based on EigenTrust++. Its most notable contribution to the space is the proof-of-importance consensus mechanism, which sought to reward on-chain activity and deter the concentration of wealth commonly associated with proof-of-stake. Its client, NIS, is written in Java.

NEM has a global community. It sees the most utility as an alternative form of payment for businesses and vendors, and has a variety of social media apps built on top of it in Japan, such as nemgraph, a community-driven owned and operated alternative to Instagram.

In December 2021, NEM was hard forked by a pseudonymous team of cryptocurrency experts and enthusiasts alike. Titled Harlock, this hard fork signaled the community’s intent to take NEM from a shadow of its former self into the world’s leading payments platform for on-chain and off-chain media content.

IOTA is a distributed ledger technology (DLT) that features unique architecture and an open-source product suite for individuals, businesses, and institutions to use in Web3. It is built on a directed acyclic graph (DAG) called the Tangle, which can be pictured as a multi-dimensional blockchain. It enables the exchange of data and value on a decentralized platform through direct and secure transfers, executed on and immutably recorded on the network.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive into IOTA.

Together with its staging network Shimmer, IOTA aims to offer solutions to establish a secure and permissionless infrastructure that can drive the economy of the future. It enables the development of decentralized applications through automated trust in the form of Ethereum-compatible smart contracts, an advanced consensus algorithm, and thoughtfully balanced incentives.

IOTA delivers tools for creating and managing custom Layer 2 (EVM) chains, deploying smart contracts, minting native tokens and NFTs with distinctive features, and introducing digital identities to users.

Launching in 2024, IOTA 2.0 will be a protocol upgrade that rebuilds IOTA’s architecture to deliver full decentralization. You can find more about it here.

IOTA

Qtum (pronounced ‘“quantum”)  is a proof-of-stake (PoS) smart contract open-source blockchain platform and value transfer protocol. It aims to bring together the strengths of Bitcoinand Ethereumin one chain. Qtum is built on Bitcoin's UTXO transaction model, with the added functionality of smart contract execution and DApps. Recently, the platform added support for DeFi applications. As of March 2021, there are more than 20 tokens created on the Qtum blockchain.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Qtum.

The project was announced in March 2016 and held an ICO a year after, in March 2017, which brought its founders $15 million USD. The Qtum main chain was released on Sept.13, 2017. Initially, the Qtum coin was issued as a ETH-20 token, but with the launch of the mainnet, it was converted to native blockchain.

Qtum

Stellar (XLM) is a peer-to-peer (P2P) decentralized network created in 2014 by The Stellar Development Foundation or Stellar.org. The network officially launched in 2015 with the purpose of connecting the world's financial systems and ensuring a protocol for payment providers and financial institutions. The platform is designed to move financial resources swiftly and reliably at minimal cost. Stellar links people, banks, payment processors and allows users to create, send and trade multiple types of crypto.

The basis of the network is its native digital currency - XLM or Lumens. XLM acts as an intermediate currency for operations and is also used to pay transaction fees. How it works: the protocol converts money in a few seconds, first into XLM, and then into the requested currency.

The Stellar payment protocol is based on distributed ledger technology -- an open-source development, community-owned and distributed by community. The crypto asset of the Stellar platform helps with cross-border transactions, overcoming the problems of high fees and slow procedures. XLM is more focused on assisting individuals transfer money than they are with institutions. Thus, Stellar offers access to financial systems, and people can send money at low cost and promptly around the world.

Moreover, Stellar serves as a decentralized exchange and marketplace, with a built-in order book that tracks ownership of Stellar assets. Platform users can manage buy/sell orders, as well as select and set their preferred assets in settlements. XLM is a built-in coin that helps reduce transaction fees.

The network maintains a high level of security.  XLM holders must have at least one token in order to remain active on the network. This nuance performs a global goal - the execution of network transactions efficiently and with minimal time costs. Plus, Lumens offers protection against flood attacks by making microtransactions too expensive for hackers with no chance of profit, which keeps Stellar Network safe from serious threats.

The target audience of Stellar is the inhabitants of developing countries, ordinary users who are provided access to the global economy through fast, simple and inexpensive transactions. Stellar Network makes extensive use of Lumens to produce live convection as well as to send cash in multiple currencies; currency is sent from one peer, and the recipient can receive the amount in another currency. This feature is beneficial when a transaction is made between currencies without widely traded pairs.

Support for multi-currency transactions is another competitive advantage of Stellar, and the ability for cross-currency transactions has only enhanced processes with foreign operations. Moreover, stable speed and low transaction costs are a privilege that users receive.

This functionality is powered by a development called Anchors (a bridge between different currencies and the network), which simplifies the exchange within the network and helps speed up the whole process.

In summary, the benefits of Stellar (XLM) include:

Stellar

Waves is a multi-purpose blockchain platform which supports various use cases including decentralized applications (DApps) and smart contracts.

Launched in June 2016 following one of the cryptocurrency industry’s earliest initial coin offerings (ICO), Waves initially set out to improve on the first blockchain platforms by increasing speed, utility and user-friendliness.

The platform has undergone various changes and added new spin-off features to build on its original design.

Waves’ native token is WAVES, an uncapped supply token used for standard payments such as block rewards.

Waves

TRON (TRX) is a decentralized blockchain-based operating system developed by the Tron Foundation and launched in 2017. Originally TRX tokens were ERC-20-based tokens deployed on Ethereum, but a year later they were moved to their own network.

Initially, the project was created with the aim of providing full ownership rights to makers of digital content. The main goal is to help content creators (who receive only a small part of the income) and encourage them with more rewards for their work. How: invite content consumers to reward content makers directly (without intermediaries like YouTube, Facebook or Apple).

The TRON software supports smart contracts, various kinds of blockchain systems, and decentralized applications aka dApps. The cryptocurrency platform uses a transaction model similar to Bitcoin (BTC), namely UTXO. Transactions take place in a public ledger, where users can track the history of operations.

Therefore, the platform was built to create a decentralized Internet and serves as a tool for developers to create dApps, acting as an alternative to Ethereum. Anyone can create dApps on the TRON network, offer content, and in return receive digital assets as compensation for their efforts. The ability to create content and share it openly without hesitation regarding transaction fees is an undeniable advantage of TRON.

TRON

Basic Attention Token, or BAT, is the token that powers a new blockchain-based digital advertising platform designed to fairly reward users for their attention, while providing advertisers with a better return on their ad spend.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Basic Attention Token.

This experience is delivered through the Brave Browser, where users can watch privacy-preserving adverts and receive BAT rewards for doing so. On the other hand, advertisers can deliver targeted ads to maximize engagement and cut down losses due to ad fraud and abuse.

The Basic Attention Token itself is the unit of reward in this advertising ecosystem, and is exchanged between advertisers, publishers and users. Advertisers pay for their advertising campaigns in BAT tokens. Out of this budget, a small portion is distributed to advertisers, while 70% is distributed to users — whereas the intermediaries that typically drive up advertising costs are cut out of the equation to improve cost-efficiency.

Basic Attention Token launched in 2017 following one of the fastest sell-out initial coin offerings (ICOs) of all time, with the platform raising a total of $35 million in under a minute. Since then, it has rolled out its attention-based advertising experience to users in most countries through its Brave Rewards program.

As of November 2020, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada had the most active advertising campaigns.

Basic Attention Token

In a nutshell, Cosmos bills itself as a project that solves some of the “hardest problems” facing the blockchain industry. It aims to offer an antidote to “slow, expensive, unscalable and environmentally harmful” proof-of-work protocols, like those used by Bitcoin, by offering an ecosystem of connected blockchains.

The project’s other goals include making blockchain technology less complex and difficult for developers thanks to a modular framework that demystifies decentralized apps. Last but not least, an Interblockchain Communication protocol makes it easier for blockchain networks to communicate with each other — preventing fragmentation in the industry.

Cosmos’ origins can be dated back to 2014, when Tendermint, a core contributor to the network, was founded. In 2016, a white paper for Cosmos was published — and a token sale was held the following year. ATOM tokens are earned through a hybrid proof-of-stake algorithm, and they help to keep the Cosmos Hub, the project’s flagship blockchain, secure. This cryptocurrency also has a role in the network’s governance.

Cosmos

The 1inch Network unites decentralized protocols whose synergy enables the most lucrative, fastest, and protected operations in the DeFi space.

The 1inch Network's first protocol is a decentralized exchange (DEX) aggregator solution that searches deals across multiple liquidity sources, offering users better rates than any individual exchange. The 1inch Aggregation Protocol incorporates the Pathfinder algorithm for finding the best paths across over 400+ liquidity sources on 12 chains: Ethereum, BNB Chain, Polygon, Avalanche, Optimism, Arbitrum, Fantom, Gnosis Chain, Klaytn, Aurora, zkSync and Base.

In just over two years the 1inch DEX aggregator has reached 1M users and surpassed $150B in overall volume on the Ethereum network alone.

The 1inch Limit Order Protocol facilitates the most innovative and flexible limit order swap opportunities in DeFi. The protocol’s features, such as dynamic pricing, conditional orders, and extra RFQ support, power various implementations, including stop-loss and trailing stop orders, as well as auctions.

The 1inch Wallet is a multichain mobile platform that provides an easy-to-navigate interface with secure storing, transaction, and staking capabilities. This versatile wallet was built from the ground up to streamline interacting with 1inch’s features.

The 1INCH token is the governance and utility token of the 1inch Network. 1INCH holders can stake their tokens to participate in the 1inch Network's DAO governance, including the 1inch DAO Treasury management. Also, holders can choose resolvers and earn a part of their fees.

With the 1inch Fusion, users can stake 1INCH tokens to receive Unicorn Power (UP), then subsequently delegate their UP to any 1inch Fusion Resolver to start receiving rewards from them. When staking, there is the option to set a custom or preset lock period. User’s st1INCH tokens cannot be unstaked/withdrawn without penalty until the designated lock period expires.

In December 2020, 1inch raised $12 million in Series A funding, led by Pantera Capital, with others including ParaFi Capital, Blockchain Capital, Nima Capital, and Spartan Group. The funding round was conducted through a SAFT (simple agreement for future tokens) sale.

In December 2021, 1inch has closed a $175 million Series B round, led by Amber Group. Among about 50 investors that participated in the funding event are Jane Street, VanEck, Fenbushi Capital, Alameda Research, Celsius, Nexo, Tribe Capital and Gemini Frontier Fund.

1inch Network

Zilliqa is a public, permissionless blockchain that is designed to offer high throughput with the ability to complete thousands of transactions per second. It seeks to solve the issue of blockchain scalability and speed by employing sharding as a second-layer scaling solution. The platform is home to many decentralized applications, and as of October 2020, it also allows for staking and yield farming.

Development work officially started on Zilliqa in June 2017, and its testnet went live in March 2018. A little over a year later, in June 2019, the platform launched its mainnet.

The native utility token of Zilliqa, ZIL, is used to process transactions on the network and execute smart contracts.

Zilliqa

Self-described as "Polkadot's wild cousin," Kusama is an experimental blockchain platform that is designed to provide a massively interoperable and scalable framework for developers.

Kusama is built on Substrate — a blockchain building kit developed by Parity Technologies. Kusama has almost the same codebase as Polkadot — one of the most successful interoperable blockchains.

By deploying on Kusama, fast-paced projects gain access to a highly scalable, interoperable sharded network, with features that are not yet available on Polkadot. To that end, Kusama describes itself as a “canary network.”

The platform is designed to provide a testbed for developers looking to innovate and deploy their own blockchain and can be used as a preparatory network before launching on Polkadot — though many projects opt to stick with Kusama for their final product.

Kusama benefits from a low barrier to entry for deploying parachains, low bond requirements for validators, and is most commonly used by early-stage startups and for experimentation.