## ما هي كومباوند (COMP)؟

كومباوند (Complound) هو بروتوكول [تمويل لامركزي](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-decentralized-finance) متخصص بالإقراض، حيث يتيح للمستخدمين كسب فائدة على عملاتهم المشفرة عن طريق إيداعها في واحدة من مجمعات السيولة الكثيرة التي تدعمها المنصة.

فعندما يقوم المستخدم بإيداع رموزه المشفرة في أحد مجمعات السيولة على كومباوند، سيحصل بالمقابل على رموز cTokens المشفرة. حيث تمثل رموز cTokens المشفّرة هذه حصة الفرد في مجمّع السيولة ويمكن استخدامها لاستعادة عملاتهم المشفرة التي أودعوها بداية في مجمّع السيولة. على سبيل المثال، من خلال إيداع ETH في مجمّع السيولة، ستحصل على cETH في المقابل. وبمرور الوقت، يزداد سعر صرف هذه الرموز المشفّرة مقابل الأصل الأساسي، مما يعني أنه يمكنك مبادلتها مقابل المزيد من عملات الأصل الأساسي مقارنة بما وضعته في البداية — هذه هي الطريقة التي يتم بها توزيع الفائدة.

على الجانب الآخر، يمكن للمقترضين الحصول على قرض مضمون من أي مجمع سيولة على كومباوند عن طريق إيداع ضمانات. تختلف النسبة القصوى للقرض إلى القيمة (LTV) بناءً على الأصل المستخدم كضمان، ولكنها تتراوح حالياً من 50 إلى 75%. فيما يختلف سعر الفائدة المدفوع حسب الأصل المقترض ويمكن أن يواجه المقترضون تصفية تلقائية إذا انخفضت قيمة ضمانهم عن عتبة معينة.

منذ إطلاق الشبكة الرئيسية لكمباوند في سبتمبر 2018، ارتفعت شعبية المنصة بشكل كبير، وتجاوز إجمالي القيمة المقفلة عليها مؤخراً أكثر من 800 مليون دولار.

### من هم مؤسسو كومباوند؟

تأسست كومباوند في عام 2017 من قبل روبرت ليشنر وجيفري هايز، وكلاهما كان يعمل سابقاً في مناصب رفيعة المستوى في Postmates — وهي خدمة لتوصيل الطعام عبر الإنترنت. ولا يزال الاثنان يشغلان مناصب تنفيذية في Compound Labs, Inc — شركة تطوير البرمجيات التي تقف وراء بروتوكول كومباوند، حيث يشغل ليشنر حالياً منصب الرئيس التنفيذي، بينما يشغل هايز منصب المدير الفني.

على الرغم من أن كلا المؤسسين لديهما خبرة في تأسيس الشركات الناجحة، إلا أن روبرت ليشنر، على وجه الخصوص، كان نشطاً في المساعدة في توسيع مساحة سلسلة الكتل، واستثمر علناً في منصات العملات المشفرة الشهيرة بما في ذلك Argent Wallet، وOpyn، وBlockfolio.

ويضم فريق كومباوند الآن أكثر من اثني عشر فردا — يعمل نصفهم تقريبا كمهندسين.

### ما الذي يميّز كومباوند؟

وفقاً لكومباوند، فإن غالبية العملات المشفرة تبقى خاملة على منصات التبادل، ولا يستفيد حاملوها منها. ولهذا تهدف كومباوند إلى تغيير ذلك مع منصة الإقراض المفتوحة، والتي تسمح لأي شخص بإيداع رموز مشفرة مدعومة من سلسلة إيثريوم ليكسب فائدة على رصيده بسهولة أو الحصول على قرض مضمون — كل ذلك بدون وسيط.

كما تتميز كومباوند عن البروتوكولات المماثلة الأخرى بحوكمة المجتمع. حيث يمكن لحاملي الرمز المشفّر الخاص بحوكمة المنصة — COMP — اقتراح تغييرات على البروتوكول، والمناقشة، والتصويت على ما إذا كان سيتم تنفيذ التغييرات المقترحة من قبل الآخرين — دون أي مشاركة من فريق كومباوند. يمكن أن يشمل ذلك اختيار العملات المشفرة التي يجب إدراجها، وتعديل عوامل الضمان، وإجراء تغييرات على كيفية توزيع الرموز المشفرة.

ويمكن شراء رمز COMP المشفّر من بورصات خارجية أو يمكن الحصول عليها من خلال التفاعل مع بروتوكول كومباوند، على سبيل المثال عن طريق إيداع الأصول أو الحصول على قرض.

#### صفحات ذات صلة:

تعرف على [Aave](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/aave/) — أحد أكبر منافسي كومباوند.

اقرأ عن [yn.finance](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/yearn-finance/) — أحد أول بروتوكولات زراعة العائد.

هل ترغب بزيادة معرفتك حول العملات المشفرة؟ ألق نظرة على [Alexandria من CMC](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/).

اقرأ [مدونتنا](https://blog.coinmarketcap.com/) لتبقى على اطلاع بأحدث أخبار ومستجدات الصناعة.

### كم عدد عملات كومباوند (COMP) الموجودة في التداول؟

مثلها كمثل العديد من الأصول الرقمية، لن يتجاوز عدد الرموز الرقمية المشفّرة حداً معيناً. حيث يبلغ الحد الأقصى للمعرض الإجمالي 10 ملايين COMP، وحتى كتابة هذا التقرير، كان أقل من ثلثها مطروحاً في التداول (حوالي 3.3 مليون).

من بين هذه الـ 10 ملايين رمز مشفّر، سيتم توزيع أكثر من 4.2 مليون رمز على مستخدمي كومباوند على مدى 4 سنوات. ثم تأتي ثاني أكبر حصة (ما يقرب من 2.4 مليون COMP) لصالح مساهمي Compound Labs، في حين سيتم توزيع 2.2 مليون رمز على مؤسسي كومباوند والفريق الحالي مع جدول استحقاق لمدة 4 سنوات.

أخيراً، تم حجز 775,000 COMP من أجل حوافز الحوكمة المجتمعية وسيتم تخصيص 332,000 رمز مشفّر المتبقية لأعضاء الفريق المستقبليين.

ويخضع المعدل الدقيق لإصدار COMP للتغيير مع مرور الوقت، لأن الناخبين قادرون على زيادة أو خفض معدل الإصدار من خلال تمرير اقتراح من خلال [الحوكمة المجتمعية](https://medium.com/compound-finance/compound-governance-decentralized-b18659f811e0).

### كيف يتم تأمين شبكة كومباوند؟

يتم التعامل مع كل شيء على كومباوند تلقائياً من خلال [العقود الذكية](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/smart-contract)، والتي تعمل على سك (ترميز) رموز cTokens المشفّرة حال إيداع أصول [إيثريوم](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/ethereum/)، ورموز سلسلته القائمة على معيار [ERC-20](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/erc-20)، كما تسمح تلك العقود لمستخدمي كومباوند باسترداد حصتهم باستخدام رموز cTokens المشفّرة التي يملكونها.

ويفرض البروتوكول عامل ضمان لجميع الأصول التي تدعمها المنصة، مما يضمن تأمين كلّ مجمّع سيولة بالضمانات الكافية في جميع الأوقات. وفي حال انخفض الضمان عن الحد الأدنى لمستوى التكافؤ، فسيتم بيعه إلى المشترين بخصم 5%، وتسديد القرض ثم تحويل الباقي إلى عامل ضمان مقبول.

ويساعد هذا التنظيم على ضمان محافظة المقترضين على مستويات ضماناتهم، ويوفر شبكة أمان للمقرضين، ويخلق فرصة ربح للمشترين من مزودي السيولة.

### أين يُمكن شراء كومباوند (COMP)؟

تتوفر COMP حالياً للتداول على مئات منصات تبادل العملات المشفرة، بما في ذلك [Coinbase Pro](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/coinbase-pro/)، و[Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/binance/)، و[Huobi Global](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/huobi-global/). ويمكن تداولها مقابل معظم العملات المشفرة الشائعة الأخرى، بالإضافة إلى مجموعة من العملات الورقية، بما في ذلك الدولار الأمريكي (USD)، والروبية الهندية (INR)، والدولار الأسترالي (AUD).

تريد معرفة المزيد عن طريقة تحويل العملة الورقية إلى عملات مشفّرة مثل Comp؟ اكتشف ذلك هنا [هنا](https://coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/).

✅ Update: Thanks to the tenacious efforts of so many in the community, the 

 website is once again secure. Please always remain vigilant in clicking links to avoid phishing scams.

Make sure to restart your browser to ensure visiting the proper website. If the URL is not 

As we noted, the issue did not impact the protocol; and no smart contracts were compromised.

We will provide further details on the investigation soon.

This is our final message // end of tweet.

✅ Update: Thanks to the tenacious efforts of so many in the community, the https://t.co/oS0gZ0MNpl website is once again secure. Please always remain vigilant in clicking links to avoid phishing scams.

Make sure to restart your browser to ensure visiting the proper website. If the URL is not https://t.co/oS0gZ0MNpl, https://t.co/UnZIqPyh99 or https://t.co/odX2uvkout, it is not a Compound Labs website.
As we noted, the issue did not impact the protocol; and no smart contracts were compromised.

We will provide further details on the investigation soon.

This is our final message // end of tweet.

Week in DeFi: Lending Protocols Ship, a Bustling Cosmos and Proof-of-Innocence

A Complete Guide to Making Passive Income With Lending 

Breaking: Robinhood Lists SHIBA INU

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Ten Best Coins

Aave

FTT is the native cryptocurrency token of the crypto derivatives trading platform FTX that launched on May 8, 2019. On Nov. 11, 2022, FTX filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the U.S., and is currently undergoing proceedings. Some of the information below may not reflect the current standings of the FTX exchange, please proceed with caution when interacting with the FTT token.

The team behind FTX comprises some of the largest crypto traders over the past few years who, having found issues with most mainstream crypto futures exchanges, decided to launch their own platform. FTX claims that it stands out due to such features as clawback prevention, a centralized collateral pool and universal stablecoin settlement. FTX is a centralized crypto exchange launched by Sam Bankman-Fried in 2019, backed by significant trading companies in the industry, including Almeda Research, OTPP, Temasek, BlackRock, Coinbase Ventures and Sequoia Capital. As of 2022, the platform has over a million registered members, and the daily trading volume has reached billions of dollars.

In regards to clawback prevention, a significant amount of customer funds on other derivative exchanges have been claimed by socialized losses. FTX reduces this by using a three-tiered liquidation model.

On existing crypto futures exchanges, the collateral is fragmented across separate token wallets; this can be difficult for traders as it prevents positions from getting liquidated. On the other hand, FTX derivatives are stablecoin-settled and only require one universal margin wallet.

Another feature of the FTT are leveraged tokens, which allow traders to put leveraged positions without the need to trade on margin. If a trader wants to short Bitcoin with 3x leverage, they can simply buy a 3x short Bitcoin leveraged token on FTX. These tokens are ERC20-compatible and can be listed on any spot exchange. FTX currently offers XRP, BNB, TRX, BTC, ETH, EOS, USDT and LEO leveraged tokens.

A year after its founding, FTX Exchange introduced the exchange token called FTX Token or FTT. The FTT coin is an ERC-20 standard token that is actively used by ecosystem participants.

Initially, FTT was established as a reward for exchange transactions; however, over the years the list of functions has grown:

FTT is applicable in the creation of leveraged tokens on the FTX Exchange; users can receive VIP discounts in the form of FTT depending on the number of coins they own, and it’s possible to earn rewards for providing liquidity through futures positions.

In order to maintain its value, the exchange regularly buys back and burns its tokens, spending on the purchase of FTX: 33% of trading fees, 10% of the reserve fund, and 5% of other commissions.

FTT Token use cases:

1/3 of the commissions received from transactions on FTX are utilized to buy back FTT. Tokens redeemed in this way are burned;

FTT tokens are used to reduce trading fees and to secure futures positions;

Profits from massive market movements are distributed among the holders;

By purchasing a white label version of FTX’s OTC portal and futures market, institutions and investors pay expenses in FTT tokens;

By creating leveraged tokens, projects can pay listing fees with FTT;

Users can stake FTT to benefit from discounts, bonus votes, and blockchain fee waivers.

One benefit of FTX Token (FTT) is commission discounts. Members pay a low fee and obtain tighter spreads. Traders use FTT as collateral, and those who are active on FTX Exchange see percentage differences of up to 60%. Traders get insurance protection, which ensures a net profit in moments of market volatility, then makes it possible to continue trading even without a margin call.

In addition to the fact that FTT is useful for opening positions with leverage, FTT staking also offers perks: discounts, the opportunity to win NFTs, participation in airdrops, bonus votes and IEO tickets.

FTX Token

Maker (MKR) is the governance token of the MakerDAO and Maker Protocol — respectively a decentralized organization and a software platform, both based on the Ethereum blockchain — that allows users to issue and manage the DAI stablecoin.

Initially conceived in 2015 and fully launched in December 2017, Maker is a project whose task is to operate DAI, a community-managed decentralized cryptocurrency with a stable value soft-pegged to the US dollar.

MKR tokens act as a kind of voting share for the organization that manages DAI; while they do not pay dividends to their holders, they do give the holders voting rights over the development of Maker Protocol and are expected to appreciate in value in accordance with the success of DAI itself.

The Maker ecosystem is one of the earliest projects on the decentralized finance (DeFi) scene: the industry that seeks to build decentralized financial products on top of smart-contract-enabled blockchains, such as Ethereum.

Maker

Synthetix is building a decentralized liquidity provisioning protocol that any protocol can tap into for various purposes. Its deep liquidity and low fees serve as a backend for many exciting protocols on both Optimism and Ethereum. Many user-facing protocols in the Synthetix ecosystem, such as Kwenta (Spot and Futures), Lyra (Options), Polynomial (Automated Options), and 1inch & Curve (Atomic Swaps), tap into Synthetix liquidity to power their protocols. Synthetix is built on Optimism and Ethereum mainnet. The Synthetix Network is collateralized by SNX, ETH, and LUSD, enabling the issuance of synthetic assets (Synths). Synths track and provide returns on the underlying asset without requiring one to directly hold the asset. This pooled collateral enables an array of on-chain, composable financial instruments backed by liquidity from Synthetix. Some of the most exciting upcoming releases from SNX are Perps V2, which hopes to enable low-fee on-chain futures trading through the usage of off-chain oracles, and Synthetix V3, which aims to rebuild the protocol to achieve its earliest goal, being a fully permissionless derivatives protocol. Learn more about Synthetix on their blog or by joining the SNX Discord.

The platform aims to broaden the cryptocurrency space by introducing non-blockchain assets, providing access to a more robust financial market.

Synthetix

Yearn.finance is an aggregator service for decentralized finance (DeFi) investors, using automation to allow them to maximize profits from yield farming.

Its goal is to simplify the ever-expanding DeFi space for investors who are not technically minded or who wish to interact in a less committal manner than serious traders.

Launched in February 2020, the service, formerly known as iEarn, has seen huge growth in recent months as new products debuted and developers released in-house token YFI.

yearn.finance

Curve is a decentralized exchange for stablecoins that uses an automated market maker (AMM) to manage liquidity.

Launched in January 2020, Curve is now synonymous with the decentralized finance (DeFi) phenomenon, and has seen significant growth in the second half of 2020.

In August, Curve launched a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO), with CRV as its in-house token. The DAO uses Ethereum-based creation tool Aragon to connect multiple smart contracts used for users’ deposited liquidity. Issues such as governance, however, differ from Aragon in their weighting and other respects.

Curve DAO Token

Filecoin is a decentralized storage system that aims to “store humanity’s most important information.” The project raised $205 million in an initial coin offering (ICO) in 2017, and initially planned a launch date for mid-2019. However, the launch date for the Filecoin mainnet was pushed back until block 148,888, which is expected in mid-October 2020.

The project was first described back in 2014 as an incentive layer for the Interplanetary File System (IPFS), a peer-to-peer storage network where users pay for data storage and distribution services in $FIL. Filecoin is open protocol and backed by a blockchain that records commitments made by the network’s participants, with transactions made using FIL, the blockchain’s native currency. The blockchain is based on both proof-of-replication and proof-of-spacetime.

Filecoin is open-source and decentralized, which means that all governance is in the hands of the community. On the Filecoin platform, developers have the opportunity to create cloud file storage services like Dropbox or iCloud. Anyone can join Filecoin and start storing their data or earn money by providing space for someone else's funds. The creators of Filecoin opted for their blockchain technology to run the network and their token with their own consensus.

$FIL is the native currency of Filecoin that powers the entire network and all processes. Clients pay for transactions in FIL tokens. Miners place FIL as collateral, guaranteeing their services.

The developers claim that Filecoin solves the problem of inefficient file storage and retrieval. Customers can find the right solution with an efficient set of tools and its core development, IPFS.

Filecoin

Serum is a decentralized exchange (DEX) and ecosystem that brings unprecedented speed and low transaction costs to decentralized finance (DeFi). (DeFi).

Serum is the only high-performant DEX designed around a fully on-chain central limit order book and matching engine. Ecosystem partners can compose with Serum’s on-chain orderbook to share liquidity and power their trading features for institutional and retail users.

In light of the popularity of DeFi and the growth of DEXes on Ethereum, users and developers are limited by high gas costs and slow transactions. Serum aims to resolve these traditional problems of DeFi, as well as issues of centralization, low capital efficiency, and liquidity segmentation.

The SRM utility and governance token enables users to receive discounts on protocol fees and voting rights; 100% of exchange fees flow back to SRM via buy-and-burn, staking rewards, and ecosystem grants.

Serum

In a nutshell, Cosmos bills itself as a project that solves some of the “hardest problems” facing the blockchain industry. It aims to offer an antidote to “slow, expensive, unscalable and environmentally harmful” proof-of-work protocols, like those used by Bitcoin, by offering an ecosystem of connected blockchains.

The project’s other goals include making blockchain technology less complex and difficult for developers thanks to a modular framework that demystifies decentralized apps. Last but not least, an Interblockchain Communication protocol makes it easier for blockchain networks to communicate with each other — preventing fragmentation in the industry.

Cosmos’ origins can be dated back to 2014, when Tendermint, a core contributor to the network, was founded. In 2016, a white paper for Cosmos was published — and a token sale was held the following year. ATOM tokens are earned through a hybrid proof-of-stake algorithm, and they help to keep the Cosmos Hub, the project’s flagship blockchain, secure. This cryptocurrency also has a role in the network’s governance.

Cosmos

SushiSwap (SUSHI) is an example of an automated market maker (AMM). An increasingly popular tool among cryptocurrency users, AMMs are decentralized exchanges which use smart contracts to create markets for any given pair of tokens.

SushiSwap launched in September 2020 as a fork of Uniswap, the AMM which has become synonymous with the decentralized finance (DeFi) movement and associated trading boom in DeFi tokens.

SushiSwap aims to diversify the AMM market and also add additional features not previously present on Uniswap, such as increased rewards for network participants via its in-house token, SUSHI.

SushiSwap

Self-described as "Polkadot's wild cousin," Kusama is an experimental blockchain platform that is designed to provide a massively interoperable and scalable framework for developers.

Kusama is built on Substrate — a blockchain building kit developed by Parity Technologies. Kusama has almost the same codebase as Polkadot — one of the most successful interoperable blockchains.

By deploying on Kusama, fast-paced projects gain access to a highly scalable, interoperable sharded network, with features that are not yet available on Polkadot. To that end, Kusama describes itself as a “canary network.”

The platform is designed to provide a testbed for developers looking to innovate and deploy their own blockchain and can be used as a preparatory network before launching on Polkadot — though many projects opt to stick with Kusama for their final product.

Kusama benefits from a low barrier to entry for deploying parachains, low bond requirements for validators, and is most commonly used by early-stage startups and for experimentation.

Kusama

Uniswap is a popular decentralized trading protocol, known for its role in facilitating automated trading of decentralized finance (DeFi) tokens.

An example of an automated market maker (AMM), Uniswap launched in November 2018, but has gained considerable popularity this year thanks to the DeFi phenomenon and associated surge in token trading.

Uniswap aims to keep token trading automated and completely open to anyone who holds tokens, while improving the efficiency of trading versus that on traditional exchanges.

Uniswap creates more efficiency by solving liquidity issues with automated solutions, avoiding the problems which plagued the first decentralized exchanges.

In September 2020, Uniswap went a step further by creating and awarding its own governance token, UNI, to past users of the protocol. This added both profitability potential and the ability for users to shape its future — an attractive aspect of decentralized entities.

Uniswap

Founded in 2017, Chainlink is a blockchain abstraction layer that enables universally connected smart contracts. Through a decentralized oracle network, Chainlink allows blockchains to securely interact with external data feeds, events and payment methods, providing the critical off-chain information needed by complex smart contracts to become the dominant form of digital agreement.

The Chainlink Network is driven by a large open-source community of data providers, node operators, smart contract developers, researchers, security auditors and more. The company focuses on ensuring that decentralized participation is guaranteed for all node operators and users looking to contribute to the network.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Chainlink.

Tezos is a high-performing blockchain and open-source platform for assets and applications, with a strong focus on code security, on-chain governance, and decentralization. Tezos 2.0, the upcoming step in the evolution of Tezos, aims to improve scalability (via layer 2s), composability, and to implement support to mainstream programming languages (like Javascript, Typescript, Python, and many others).

Initially built with formal verification in mind, the Tezos protocol enables builders to avoid bugs when developing smart contracts, making it particularly suited to applications that require a high degree of security and certainty.

Tezos’ LPoS (Liquid Proof-of-Stake) consensus mechanism enables any stakeholder to take part, directly or by delegation, in the consensus process, and to be rewarded for securing the network. Rather uniquely, Tezos’ on-chain governance system also enables stakeholders to create and vote on protocol upgrade proposals. This pioneering system allows the protocol to self-amend and upgrade itself without leading to a split (or fork) in the blockchain, empowering the community without slowing down innovation.

First proposed in 2014 and launched in 2018, the Tezos Mainnet has a proven track record of running uninterrupted ever since, having earned a strong reputation for technical excellence and a supportive community.

Tezos

The 1inch Network unites decentralized protocols whose synergy enables the most lucrative, fastest, and protected operations in the DeFi space.

The 1inch Network's first protocol is a decentralized exchange (DEX) aggregator solution that searches deals across multiple liquidity sources, offering users better rates than any individual exchange. The 1inch Aggregation Protocol incorporates the Pathfinder algorithm for finding the best paths across over 400+ liquidity sources on 12 chains: Ethereum, BNB Chain, Polygon, Avalanche, Optimism, Arbitrum, Fantom, Gnosis Chain, Klaytn, Aurora, zkSync and Base.

In just over two years the 1inch DEX aggregator has reached 1M users and surpassed $150B in overall volume on the Ethereum network alone.

The 1inch Limit Order Protocol facilitates the most innovative and flexible limit order swap opportunities in DeFi. The protocol’s features, such as dynamic pricing, conditional orders, and extra RFQ support, power various implementations, including stop-loss and trailing stop orders, as well as auctions.

The 1inch Wallet is a multichain mobile platform that provides an easy-to-navigate interface with secure storing, transaction, and staking capabilities. This versatile wallet was built from the ground up to streamline interacting with 1inch’s features.

The 1INCH token is the governance and utility token of the 1inch Network. 1INCH holders can stake their tokens to participate in the 1inch Network's DAO governance, including the 1inch DAO Treasury management. Also, holders can choose resolvers and earn a part of their fees.

With the 1inch Fusion, users can stake 1INCH tokens to receive Unicorn Power (UP), then subsequently delegate their UP to any 1inch Fusion Resolver to start receiving rewards from them. When staking, there is the option to set a custom or preset lock period. User’s st1INCH tokens cannot be unstaked/withdrawn without penalty until the designated lock period expires.

In December 2020, 1inch raised $12 million in Series A funding, led by Pantera Capital, with others including ParaFi Capital, Blockchain Capital, Nima Capital, and Spartan Group. The funding round was conducted through a SAFT (simple agreement for future tokens) sale.

In December 2021, 1inch has closed a $175 million Series B round, led by Amber Group. Among about 50 investors that participated in the funding event are Jane Street, VanEck, Fenbushi Capital, Alameda Research, Celsius, Nexo, Tribe Capital and Gemini Frontier Fund.

1inch Network

Pancakeswap was originally built on the BNB Chain and allows users to trade tokens without using a centralized exchange. It provides an array of products, such as:

An exchange to swap tokens

A yield farm to earn rewards

Syrup pools to stake CAKE tokens

Ethereum liquid staking (wBETH) and simple staking

Pancake Protectors game

v3 position manager (new feature)

A prediction market

Initial Farm Offering (IFO) token launches

A bridge to bridge CAKE to Ethereum and Aptos

A lottery

An NFT marketplace

Pancakeswap innovates quickly and ships new products regularly. In April 2023, PancakeSwap voted to transition to a deflationary token model called "Ultrasound CAKE." The protocol passed a proposal called CAKE Tokenomics v2.5 to create a structure combining real yield (no supply impact) and reduced token emissions. Over 102% of minted CAKE is burned weekly. This is intended to provide a multi-year runway for emissions and incentivize locking up CAKE, making the token more valuable long-term.

PancakeSwap has an anonymous team of “Chefs,” working in the PancakeSwap “Kitchen.” The platform is open-source and has been audited by multiple reputable blockchain security firms like Peckshield and Slowmist.

Although the bear market has impacted TVL and trading volume for the protocol, PancakeSwap still boasts an annualized revenue of $27 million, with 42% of CAKE is staked:

PancakeSwap

Kava is a Layer-1 blockchain that combines the speed and interoperability of Cosmos with the developer power of Ethereum.

Kava was built from the ground up to optimize its resources for protocol growth, strengthened by its Cosmos EVM technology that enables maximum scalability, speed, security, and developer support.

Builders on Kava earn a share of Kava Rise's $750M developer incentive fund via the program's blockchain-based distribution method, designed to reward the top protocols every month based on usage.

Kava

Polkadot is an open-source sharded multichain protocol that connects and secures a network of specialized blockchains, facilitating cross-chain transfer of any data or asset types, not just tokens, thereby allowing blockchains to be interoperable with each other. Polkadot was designed to provide a foundation for a decentralized internet of blockchains, also known as Web3.

Polkadot is known as a layer-0 metaprotocol because it underlies and describes a format for a network of layer 1 blockchains known as parachains (parallel chains). As a metaprotocol, Polkadot is also capable of autonomously and forklessly updating its own codebase via on-chain governance according to the will of its token holder community.

Polkadot provides a foundation to support a decentralized web, controlled by its users, and to simplify the creation of new applications, institutions and services.

The Polkadot protocol can connect public and private chains, permissionless networks, oracles and future technologies, allowing these independent blockchains to trustlessly share information and transactions through the Polkadot Relay Chain (explained further down).

Polkadot’s native DOT token serves three clear purposes: staking for operations and security, facilitating network governance, and bonding tokens to  connect parachains .

Polkadot has four core components:

Relay Chain: Polkadot’s “heart,” helping to create consensus, interoperability and shared security across the network of different chains;

Parachains: independent chains that can have their own tokens and be optimized for specific use cases;

Parathreads: similar to parachains but with flexible connectivity based on an economical pay-as-you-go model;

Bridges: allow parachains and parathreads to connect and communicate with external blockchains like Ethereum.

Polkadot

Avalanche is a layer one blockchain that functions as a platform for decentralized applications and custom blockchain networks. It is one of Ethereum’s rivals, aiming to unseat Ethereum as the most popular blockchain for smart contracts. It aims to do so by having a higher transaction output of up to 6,500 transactions per second while not compromising scalability.

This is made possible by Avalanche’s unique architecture. The Avalanche network consists of three individual blockchains: the X-Chain, C-Chain and P-Chain. Each chain has a distinct purpose, which is radically different from the approach Bitcoin and Ethereum use, namely having all nodes validate all transactions. Avalanche blockchains even use different consensus mechanisms based on their use cases.

After its mainnet launch in 2020, Avalanche has worked on developing its own ecosystem of DApps and DeFi. Different Ethereum-based projects such as SushiSwap and TrueUSD have integrated with Avalanche. Furthermore, the platform is constantly working on improving interoperability between its own ecosystem and Ethereum, like through the development of bridges.

Avalanche

Monero was launched in 2014, and its goal is simple: to allow transactions to take place privately and with anonymity. Even though it’s commonly thought that BTC can conceal a person’s identity, it’s often easy to trace payments back to their original source because blockchains are transparent. On the other hand, XMR is designed to obscure senders and recipients alike through the use of advanced cryptography.

The team behind Monero say privacy and security are their biggest priorities, with ease of use and efficiency coming second. It aims to provide protection to all users — irrespective of how technologically competent they are.

Overall, XMR aims to allow payments to be made quickly and inexpensively without fear of censorship.