What Happens in 51% Attacks?

What Is Censorship Resistance?

What Is GPU Mining?

Why Nobody Can Hack a Blockchain

## ما هي بيتكوين جولد (BTG)؟

تأسست بيتكوين جولد (Bitcoin Gold) في عام 2017 بغاية أن تصبح بديلاً سهل الاستخدام [لبيتكوين](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/bitcoin/). حيث تهدف شبكة BTG إلى الجمع بين أمن وثبات [سلسلة كتل](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/blockchain) بيتكوين، وبين خصائصها التي تتيح فرص التجريب والتطوير.

تسهم BTG في مجال العملات المشفّرة وتوسعه باستخدام سلسلة كتل شبيهة إلى حدّ كبير بتلك الخاصة ببيتكوين ولكن دون استخدام موارد الطاقة التي يتطلبها نموذج إثبات العمل والتجزئة لبيتكوين. تهدف الشركة إلى تقديم عملة مشفّرة تكون ندّاً لبيتكوين من حيث القدرات، وتزيد عليها إمكانية التوسع ومنح الفرص لمطوري التمويل اللامركزي، والتطبيقات اللامركزية لاستخدام العملة المشفّرة.

### من هم مؤسسو بيتكوين جولد؟

تأسست بيتكوين جولد من قبل مجموعة من المتحمسين ذوي الخلفيات والمهارات المتنوعة. [هانغ ين](https://www.linkedin.com/in/hang-yin-167012a7/) هو مؤسس مشارك ومطور رئيسي في بيتكوين جولد. تخرج في علوم الكمبيوتر من جامعة فودان في عام 2015. وبدأت حياته المهنية بعد تخرجه مباشرة. حيث أصبح في أواخر عام 2015، مهندس برمجيات لدى شركة جوجل. وبعد ثلاث سنوات من عمله مع عملاق التكنولوجيا، قرر هانج ين المغامرة في ريادة الأعمال من خلال إطلاق بيتكوين جولد. كما شارك في عام 2018 في تأسيس (HashFforests).

[مارتن كوفاندجيف](https://www.linkedin.com/in/martin-kuvandzhiev-061615a2/) هو المؤسس المشارك الثاني لبيتكوين جولد، وهو أيضاً عضو مجلس إدارة في الشركة. تخرج في هندسة برامج الكمبيوتر من جامعة صوفيا التقنية، وبدأ مساره المهني كعامل في خدمة الطعام في ماكدونالدز. إلى أن أصبح، في عام 2015، أستاذاً مساعداً في الجامعة التقنية في صوفيا، وفي عام 2016، بدأ وظيفة مطور تطبيقات "آي أو أس" لدى (PHYRE JSC). وبالتزامن مع تأسيس بيتكوين جولد في عام 2017، أطلق أيضاً شركة أخرى تسمى (GoStartups.net). حالياً، يشغل كوفاندجيف أيضاً منصب الرئيس التنفيذي لشركة (Assetify).

### ما الذي يميّز بيتكوين جولد؟

تمتلك بيتكوين جولد مزيجاً فريداً من الخصائص المتأصلة في سلسلة كتل بيتكوين الأصلية، إلى جانب نهج مبتكر لتطوير سلسلة الكتل وتطبيقاتها. وباعتبارها نسخة نتجت عن انقسام ثابت من سلسلة بيتكوين الأصلية، تهدف BTG إلى إحداث ثورة في عملية التعدين من خلال تقديم خوارزمية جديدة لإثبات العمل تحلّ مشكلات قابلية التوسع التي تعاني منها بيتكوين.

فهي كبروتوكول مفتوح المصدر، تسمح للمطورين بالمشاركة في إدارة وتطوير سلسلة الكتل بحرية. وفقاً للشركة، فإن هذا أحد الشروط الأساسية من أجل تطبيق اللامركزية، التي تعاني فيها بيتكوين.

تعتبر بيتكوين جولد من أولى النسخ الناتجة عن انقسام ثابت من سلسلة كتل العملة المشفرة الأصلية، وقد جذبت انتباه المؤسسات والشركات المستثمرة. لذلك، تتوفر BTG في مجموعة واسعة من البورصات، بالإضافة إلى منصات التبادل والمحافظ. ومؤخراً، بات يتم اعتماد بيتكوين جولد بشكل متزايد من قبل العديد من المتصفحات ومقدمي الخدمات عبر الإنترنت.

#### صفحات ذات صلة:

اقرأ المزيد عن [SafeYield](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/safeyield/).

اكتشف المزيد حول [DCTDAO](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/dctdao/).

تعلّم المزيد حول [التعدين باستخدام وحدات معالجة الرسومات](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-gpu-mining).

ألق نظرة على [مُدونة CoinMarketCap](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/blog).

### كم عدد عملات بيتكوين جولد (BTG) الموجودة في التداول؟

يبلغ الحد الأقصى للمعروض من بيتكوين جولد 21,000,000 رمز BTG مشفّر، وإجمالي المعروض المتداول حين كتابة هذا 17,513,924 رمز BTG مشفّر. وهي بالتالي عدد العملات الموجودة فعلياً في التداول.

تم تخصيص 30% من إجمالي رموز BTG المشفّرة من أجل تطوير سلسلة الكتل والمشروع. فيما تم تخصيص 15% أخرى لدعم النظام البيئي وتطويره، و15% لمجتمع BTG. كما تم حجز حوالي 20% من إجمالي المعروض من رمز BTG المشفّر للمصروفات السنوية. وتم تخصيص ما يقرب من 7% من رموز BTG المشفّرة للمكافآت والتعاون في التطبيق، بينما ذهبت 5% أخرى نحو المكافآت للفريق المؤسس. أما 8% المتبقية من الرموز المشفّرة، فقد تمّ تخصيصها لتغطية تكاليف ما قبل انقسام السلسلة، وللتنمية المجتمعية.

### كيف يتم تأمين شبكة بيتكوين جولد؟

باعتبارها نسخة عن سلسلة كتل بيتكوين، تعتمد بيتكوين جولد على آلية إجماع إثبات العمل ([PoW](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-work-pow)). ومع ذلك، وضعت BTG نصب عينيها هدفاً يتمثّل في إحداث ثورة في عملية سكّ العملات الجديدة، وذلك من خلال تقديم نموذج إثبات العمل (Equihash PoW)، الذي يفضل استخدام قوة [وحدات معالجة الرسومات](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/graphical-processing-unit-gpu) للتعدين، خلافاً للنموذج السائد في سلسلة كتل بيتكوين.

ففي حين أن بيتكوين تعتمد في الغالب على استخدام المعدّنين للدوائر المتكاملة الخاصة بالتطبيقات ([ASIC](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/asic))، فإن هذا الإصدار من نموذج إثبات العمل (Equihash) يستخدم ذاكرة أكثر مما يمكن أن تقدمه (ASIC) ولكنه يعمل بشكل جيد على العديد من وحدات معالجة الرسومات. وكلاهما يعمل عكس النموذج المعتمد لدى سلسلة كتل [إيثريوم](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/currencies/ethereum/)، وهو آلية إثبات الحصة ([PoS](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/proof-of-stake-pos))، التي تعطي الأفضلية لأصحاب الحصص المخزنة، بينما تولي بيتكوين جولد أهمية للمعدّنين الذين يستخدمون مواردهم الحوسبية.

### أين يمكنك شراء بيتكوين جولد (BTG)؟

كواحدة من أولى النسخ التي نتجت عن انقسام ثابت من سلسلة بيتكوين، تتوفر BTG في العديد من منصات التداول. أحد الخيارات هو [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/binance/)، ولكن يوجد خيارات جيدة أخرى أيضاً مثل:

* [Bithumb](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/bithumb/)
* [هوبي جلوبال (Huobi Global)](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/huobi-global/)
* [بيتفينكس](https://coinmarketcap.com/ar/exchanges/bitfinex/)

[تجد هنا المزيد من المعلومات](https://coinmarketcap.com/how-to-buy-bitcoin/) حول شراء العملات المشفرة.

Bitcoin Gold

Ledger

Atomic wallet

Welcome to Bitcoin Gold's Community channel aggregated by CoinMarketCap.

Bitcoin SV (BSV) emerged following a hard fork of the Bitcoin Cash (BCH) blockchain in 2018, which had in turn forked from the BTC blockchain a year earlier following the blocksize wars.

BSV claims to fulfill the original vision of the Bitcoin protocol and design as described in Satoshi Nakamoto’s white paper, early Bitcoin client software and known Satoshi writings. BSV aims to offer scalability and stability in line with the original description of Bitcoin as a peer-to-peer electronic cash system, as well as deliver a distributed data network that can support enterprise-level advanced blockchain applications.

To this end, it has removed artificial block size limits and re-enabled Script commands and other technical capabilities which had been historically disabled or restricted by the protocol developers of the BTC blockchain. This purportedly allows the network to process tens of thousands of transactions per second while maintaining extremely low transaction fees for micropayments, in addition to offering advanced capabilities such as tokens, smart contracts, computation and other data use cases.

The BSV network claims to be unique in its capacity for unbounded on-chain scaling while also being more aligned with the original design of Bitcoin than any other blockchain.

Bitcoin SV

Zcash is a decentralized cryptocurrency focused on privacy and anonymity. It uses the zk-SNARK zero-knowledge proof technology that allows nodes on the network to verify transactions without revealing any sensitive information about those transactions.

Contrary to a common misunderstanding, the majority of cryptocurrencies on the market, including Bitcoin (BTC), are not anonymous, but rather pseudonymous; while they do not explicitly reveal the identities of their users, each user has their own public address or addresses which can be traced back to them via the methods of data science and blockchain forensics.

Zcash transactions, on the other hand, still have to be relayed via a public blockchain, but unlike pseudonymous cryptocurrencies, ZEC transactions by default do not reveal the sending and receiving addresses or the amount being sent. There is an option, however, to reveal this data for the purposes of auditing or regulatory compliance.

Zcash was first released on October 28, 2016, and it was originally based on Bitcoin’s codebase.

Zcash

Decred is Money Evolved.

By combining battle tested Proof-of-Work with an innovative take on Proof-of-Stake that places coin holders in charge of shaping the future, Decred is able to adapt to challenges and innovate at a rapid pace. You acquire influence in Decred by putting “skin in the game”.

Decred’s security, privacy, scalability, and decentralized treasury empower stakeholders and provides them with the tools needed to enhance their financial sovereignty.

Decred

Ethereum Classic (ETC) is the original Ethereum (ETH) blockchain that launched in July 2015. Its main function is as a smart contract network, with the ability to host and support decentralized applications (DApps). Its native token is ETC.

Since its launch, Ethereum Classic has sought to differentiate itself from Ethereum, with the two networks’ technical roadmap diverging further and further from each other with time.

Ethereum Classic first set out to preserve the integrity of the existing Ethereum blockchain after a major hacking event led to the theft of 3.6 million ETH.

Ethereum Classic

Dash is an open-source blockchain and cryptocurrency focused on offering a fast, cheap global payments network that is decentralized in nature. According to the project's white paper, Dash seeks to improve upon Bitcoin (BTC) by providing stronger privacy and faster transactions.

Dash, whose name comes from "digital cash," was launched in January 2014 as a fork of Litecoin (LTC). Since going live, Dash has grown to include features such as a two-tier network with incentivized nodes, including "masternodes," and decentralized project governance; InstantSend, which allows for instantly settled payments; ChainLocks, which makes the Dash blockchain instantly immutable; and PrivateSend, which offers additional optional privacy for transactions.

Dash

Bitcoin Cash (BCH) is a peer-to-peer electronic cash system that aims to become sound global money with fast payments, micro fees, privacy and larger block size. As a permissionless, decentralized cryptocurrency, Bitcoin Cash requires no trusted third parties.

Bitcoin Cash was created as an alternative to the first and most valuable cryptocurrency — Bitcoin (BTC). In 2017, BCH developers modified the BTC code, releasing their software version and a full-fledged competitive product, which split Bitcoin into two blockchains: Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash. Bitcoin Cash is a result of a hard fork in the blockchain due to differences in the community over Bitcoin scaling and the SegWit upgrade. Moreover, another hard fork, which divided Bitcoin Cash into two parts, Bitcoin ABC and Bitcoin SV, took place in the fall of 2018.

The scaling debate involved two sides: small block supporters opposed increasing block size as it could lead to blockchain centralization and vulnerability by making it harder to host full nodes. Large block supporters, however, advocated for a faster solution, concerned that rising transaction fees could hinder growth.

Bitcoin Cash

Qtum (pronounced ‘“quantum”)  is a proof-of-stake (PoS) smart contract open-source blockchain platform and value transfer protocol. It aims to bring together the strengths of Bitcoinand Ethereumin one chain. Qtum is built on Bitcoin's UTXO transaction model, with the added functionality of smart contract execution and DApps. Recently, the platform added support for DeFi applications. As of March 2021, there are more than 20 tokens created on the Qtum blockchain.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Qtum.

The project was announced in March 2016 and held an ICO a year after, in March 2017, which brought its founders $15 million USD. The Qtum main chain was released on Sept.13, 2017. Initially, the Qtum coin was issued as a ETH-20 token, but with the launch of the mainnet, it was converted to native blockchain.

Qtum

NEM is a blockchain platform that was launched in March of 2015. It was one of the pioneers of the cryptocurrency industry, and sought to improve on the imperfections found on other chains at the time. It was one of the first non-turing complete chains to feature user-defined tokens (called mosaics), namespaces, multisignature accounts, and a P2P reputation system based on EigenTrust++. Its most notable contribution to the space is the proof-of-importance consensus mechanism, which sought to reward on-chain activity and deter the concentration of wealth commonly associated with proof-of-stake. Its client, NIS, is written in Java.

NEM has a global community. It sees the most utility as an alternative form of payment for businesses and vendors, and has a variety of social media apps built on top of it in Japan, such as nemgraph, a community-driven owned and operated alternative to Instagram.

In December 2021, NEM was hard forked by a pseudonymous team of cryptocurrency experts and enthusiasts alike. Titled Harlock, this hard fork signaled the community’s intent to take NEM from a shadow of its former self into the world’s leading payments platform for on-chain and off-chain media content.

Ravencoin is a digital peer-to-peer (P2P) network that aims to implement a use case specific blockchain, designed to efficiently handle one specific function: the transfer of assets from one party to another. Built on a fork of the Bitcoin code, Ravencoin was announced on Oct. 31, 2017 and released binaries for mining on Jan. 3, 2018 with what is called a fair launch: no premine, ICO or masternodes. It was named in reference to a TV show Game of Thrones.

Ravencoin

Gnosis (GNO) builds decentralized infrastructure on Ethereum. Its mission has always been centered on experimentation and building decentralized infrastructure for the Ethereum ecosystem. When Gnosis was founded in 2015, it focused on building prediction markets to enable worldwide access to accurate information. While creating the prediction market platform, it became clear that Gnosis needed to build the infrastructure required to support it. Gnosis Safe, for example, was born of necessity.

Gnosis operates as a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) which provides infrastructure for various types of decentralized applications (dApps), and builds products to transparently guide decisions on the development, support and governance of its ecosystem.

In November 2021, both the xDAI and GnosisDAO community voted to combine their vibrant ecosystems to create the Gnosis Chain: An Ethereum forerunner-companion that addresses scaling issues through solid engineering.

Gnosis

Monero was launched in 2014, and its goal is simple: to allow transactions to take place privately and with anonymity. Even though it’s commonly thought that BTC can conceal a person’s identity, it’s often easy to trace payments back to their original source because blockchains are transparent. On the other hand, XMR is designed to obscure senders and recipients alike through the use of advanced cryptography.

The team behind Monero say privacy and security are their biggest priorities, with ease of use and efficiency coming second. It aims to provide protection to all users — irrespective of how technologically competent they are.

Overall, XMR aims to allow payments to be made quickly and inexpensively without fear of censorship.

Monero

UNUS SED LEO

The EOS Network is an open-source blockchain platform that prioritizes high performance, flexibility, security, and developer experience. As a third-generation blockchain platform powered by the EOS virtual machine, EOS has an extensible WebAssembly engine for deterministic execution of near fee-less transactions.

EOS is the market's most scalable, divisible, and programmable digital currency. EOS is a Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) network where stakeholders have the authority to select node operators. Due to the decentralized nature of the token distribution on EOS, power doesn't reside in the hands of block miners, but rather all parties involved in the EOS Network.

The EOS Network is attractive because of its technology and community. It allows developers to build projects that other blockchains cannot support. The network is straightforward and has multiple tools and educational resources to help users acclimate to the blockchain.

TUSD is the first digital asset with live on-chain attestations by independent third-party institutions and is backed 1:1 with the U.S. dollar (USD). So far, it has been listed on more than 100 trading platforms such as Binance and Huobi and is live on 12 mainstream public chains, including Ethereum, TRON, Avalanche, BSC, Fantom, and Polygon.

TrueUSD is attested to in real-time by an independent, industry-specialized accounting firm in the U.S., to ensure the 1:1 ratio of its USD reserve to the circulating token supply and the 100% collateral rate. With the integration of Chainlink PoR, TrueUSD becomes the first USD-Backed stablecoin to secure minting and further ensure transparency and reliability. Users can access the relevant data via the official website tusd.io at any time. TUSD is granted statutory status as authorized digital currency and medium of exchange in the Commonwealth of Dominica, a country in the Caribbean, effective on October 7th 2022.

TrueUSD

Huobi Token (HT) is the native token of the cryptocurrency exchange Huobi Global. It is a decentralized digital asset based on the Ethereum blockchain and is ERC-20 compliant. HT’s value is in part reliant upon the reputation of the Huobi crypto exchange, yet other factors also have an impact.

To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of Huobi Token.

Huobi Token is a relatively young project. It first launched in January 2018, hot on the heels of the release of a native token on rival crypto exchange Binance. Having its own token allows Huobi to build a flexible marketing strategy in order to attract new users and further grow its platform.

One key function of the token is to reduce commissions for trading operations on the exchange, which are usually paid from users' wallets. Yet the token has much more to offer. Using HT, users can purchase monthly VIP-status plans to receive discounts on transaction fees. Token holders have the right to vote on exchange decisions, can receive crypto rewards for seasonal buybacks, and also get early access to special events. HT holders can, at any point, trade the token for other cryptocurrencies.

Huobi Token

Founded in September of 2018, Pax Dollar is a flat-collateralized stablecoin. Stablecoins are cryptocurrencies that are designed to minimize the volatility of the price of the stablecoin, relative to a certain stable asset or a basket of assets.

A stablecoin can be pegged to a cryptocurrency or flat money. In some cases, it can even be traded for commodities. Pax Dollar offers the advantage of transacting with blockchain assets through minimized price risk. The Pax Dollar tokens (USDP) are issued asERC-20 tokens on the Ethereum blockchain and are collateralized 1:1 through the USD held in Paxos-owned US bank accounts.

Pax Dollar

Apps use ICON to operate cross-chain seamlessly, build momentum and gain reputation. ICON's Cross-Chain Framework simplifies cross-chain development with its easy-to-use xCall messaging standard and connections to secure bridging protocols.

ICON

0x is an infrastructure protocol that allows users to easily trade ERC20 tokens and other assets on the many different blockchains (including Ethereum) without relying on centralized intermediaries. It is a protocol for decentralized exchange.

0x achieves this decentralized exchange functionality using a collection of open-source, publicly auditable smart contracts that work together to produce a flexible, low-friction trading protocol that developers can easily weave into their products.

The protocol is used by companies building web3 apps such as wallets, DEXes, portfolio trackes, and others. It is a used by hundreds of developers for their projects. The protocol has facilitates over $200B in trading volume since its inception. One can track its usage in its dedicated https://explorer.0x.org/.

The protocol is powered by an ERC20 governance token known as ZRX. ZRX holders can participate in protocol governance, having direct power over protocol changes and its community treasury.